肖恩·帕克
此条目需要扩充。 (2013年3月23日) |
肖恩·帕克(英语:Sean Parker,1979年12月3日—)出生于美国弗吉尼亚州,是一名美国互联网创业家和慈善家,曾创立Napster、Plaxo,是知名的社交网站Facebook的首任总裁。他也是Causes、Airtime和Brigade的联合创始人[3][4][5][6][7][8]。他是帕克基金会(英语:Parker Foundation)的创始人兼主席,该基金会专注于生命科学、全球公共卫生和公民参与[9]。在《福布斯》2022年全球亿万富翁榜单中,他以28亿美元的净资产排名第1096位[2]。
肖恩·帕克 | |
---|---|
出生 | [1] 美国弗吉尼亚州赫恩敦 | 1979年12月3日
教育程度 | 奥克顿高中 尚蒂伊高中 |
职业 | 企业家 |
知名于 | Napster合作创办人,Plaxo创办人,Facebook的早期参与者之一 |
净资产 | ▲ $28亿(2022)[2] |
早年生活
编辑帕克的母亲黛安·帕克(英语:Diane Parker)是广告经纪人,父亲布鲁斯·帕克(英语:Bruce Parker)是美国政府的海洋研究科学家,也是美国国家海洋暨大气总署的首席科学家[3][4][10]。帕克七岁时,他的父亲就教他在雅达利800上编程[3];也曾告诉他:“如果想要冒险,就应该在成家之前[11]。”作为一位少年黑客,帕克喜欢编程和进行黑客活动。16岁时,当他入侵某个财富500强公司的网站时,由于父亲没收了他的键盘,帕克没能成功退出网站,从而泄露了IP地址,使得联邦调查局追踪到了他。因他未满18岁,法庭只是判他为社区义务劳动[4]。
教育
编辑帕克在1994年入读了弗吉尼亚的奥克顿高中,并在两年后转学至尚蒂伊高中,在那里完成了剩下的高中学业[12]。 那段期间,帕克写信给校董会,说服他们把自己用在电脑实验室编写程式的时间计入外语语言课[12]。因此,直到1998年毕业前,帕克把大部分时间用于编程和创办公司[12]。高中时,他曾在马克·平克斯位于华盛顿特区的创业公司FreeLoader实习[13]。他编写的网络爬虫赢得了弗吉尼亚州计算机科学博览会的冠军,因此被CIA招募。在高中的最后一年,由于他参与的项目众多,每年可以从中赚取超过8万美元[3],足以说服父母让他放弃上大学,转而追求企业家生涯。
帕克在童年时期是个热衷于阅读的人,这成为他终身自学精神的开端[4][14] 。多家媒体报导称帕克是个天才[15][16][17][18][19]。他认为在Napster的经历是他的大学教育,并称其为“Napster大学”,因为他在那段时间学会了知识产权法、企业财务和创业知识[20]。
事业
编辑Napster
编辑帕克15岁时,通过互联网认识了14岁的尚恩·范宁,两人因程式设计、理论物理和黑客技术等话题建立了联系[4][21]。几年后,帕克与当时在东北大学就读的范宁共同创立了Napster,一个免费的音乐文件共享服务。帕克筹集了最初的5万美元,并于1999年6月推出了Napster。一年内,该服务就吸引了数千万用户。Napster遭到了唱片公司、美国唱片业协会以及重金属乐队金属制品等的反对。最终,来自多个行业协会的诉讼迫使该服务关闭[22][23]。Napster被称为有史以来增长最快的企业,并被认为是革新音乐产业的力量,有些人甚至将其视为iTunes的前身[24][25][26][27][28]。
Plaxo
编辑2002年11月,帕克推出了Plaxo,一个与Microsoft Outlook整合的线上通讯录和社交网络服务[29]。Plaxo是一个早期的社交网络工具,后来对LinkedIn、Zynga和Facebook等公司的发展产生了影响[30]。Plaxo是首批在产品推出时引入病毒式行销的服务之一,这让它获得了2000万用户[31][32]。创立Plaxo两年后,帕克因与公司资方的矛盾而被红杉资本和雷姆‧希里兰驱逐,据报导,投资者还聘请了私人侦探来跟踪他[33][34]。
2004年,帕克在他就读斯坦福大学的女友的电脑上看到了名为“The Facebook”的网站[4]。帕克曾在社交网络行业有过经验,早期担任Friendster及其创始人强纳森·艾布拉姆斯的顾问,并在2003年获得了少量股份[3][35]。帕克与马克·扎克伯格和爱德华多·萨维林会面,几个月后加入这家成立仅五个月的公司,担任总裁[4][35]。根据彼得·提尔的说法,帕克是第一个看到公司巨大潜力的人,他还表示:“如果马克曾有过任何犹豫,肖恩就是那个让他打消疑虑的人[4]。”
作为总裁,帕克引入了彼得·提尔成为Facebook的第一位投资者[4]。在首轮融资中,他为扎克伯格争取了Facebook董事会五个席位中的三个,这使得扎克伯格能够掌控公司,并让Facebook保留作为私人公司的自由[3][4]。此外,据说帕克推动了Facebook干净的用户界面设计,并开发了照片分享功能[36][37]。扎克伯格指出:“肖恩在帮助Facebook从一个大学项目转变为真正的公司方面起到了关键作用[3]。”
2005年,在一次派对上,警方进入并搜查了帕克租用的度假屋,发现了海洛因。帕克因涉嫌持有毒品被逮捕,但未被起诉[4]。此事件导致Facebook的投资者向帕克施压,迫使他辞去总裁职位[38]。然而,辞职后,帕克仍然参与Facebook的成长,并定期与扎克伯格会面[39]。这一事件后来在电影《社交网络》中被戏剧化呈现[40]。
创始人基金
编辑在2006年帕克作为执行合伙人加入彼得·提尔的创始人基金。
Causes
编辑在2007年帕克与马克·扎克伯格在哈佛的同学共同开发Causes,是Facebook上最多用户使用的非游戏应用程序。
流行文化
编辑帕克在2010年的电影《社交网络》中由贾斯汀·提姆布莱克饰演[4]。该电影讲述了Facebook的创立及其早期的故事[41][42][43]。
虽然帕克称赞了导演大卫·芬奇的才华,但许多人指出帕克本人与提姆布莱克的角色形象有很大不同[4][44][45]。Facebook前发展官查马斯·帕里哈皮蒂亚曾说帕克“实际上与电影中的形象完全相反”[3]。帕克形容电影中的角色是个“道德上令人不齿的人”,但也笑称:“被一个性感偶像饰演还真不好抱怨。”[46]此外,帕克对电影中爱德华多·萨佛林(Eduardo Saverin)离开Facebook的情节也有异议,因为这与他当年被迫离开Plaxo的经历相似[3]。
2011年,帕克曾登上《吉米A咖秀》,并出现在《福布斯美国400富豪榜》封面,还接受了《浮华世界》的专访。
2020年,帕克在纪录片《智能社会:进退两难》中亮相。
相关条目
编辑参考资料
编辑- ^ Sean Parker biography. 人物传记频道. [2014-04-06]. (原始内容存档于=2018-12-02).
- ^ 2.0 2.1 The World's Billionaires (2022 ranking): #1096 Sean Parker. 福布斯. [2022-05-20].
- ^ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 Bertoni, Steven. Sean Parker: Agent of Disruption 互联网档案馆的存档,存档日期September 9, 2017,.. Forbes. September 21, 2011.
- ^ 4.00 4.01 4.02 4.03 4.04 4.05 4.06 4.07 4.08 4.09 4.10 4.11 4.12 Kirkpatrick, David. With a Little Help From His Friends 互联网档案馆的存档,存档日期January 21, 2015,.. Vanity Fair. October 2010.
- ^ Tsukayama, Hayley. Sean Parker says online music is finally social 互联网档案馆的存档,存档日期September 2, 2017,.. The Washington Post. July 14, 2011.
- ^ Adegoke, Yinka. Napster founders reunite with social video service 互联网档案馆的存档,存档日期November 18, 2015,.. Reuters. June 5, 2012.
- ^ Vascellaro, Jessica E. Firm Lets Others Choose Start-Ups. The Wall Street Journal. April 16, 2009 [May 18, 2009]. (原始内容存档于September 25, 2013).
- ^ Sean Parker unveils social network for politics. POLITICO. June 17, 2015 [November 17, 2015]. (原始内容存档于April 13, 2019).
- ^ The Parker Foundation. Parker.org. [2015-11-17]. (原始内容存档于2017-02-09).
- ^ Marshall, Matt. Founders Fund hires Sean Parker as partner, to launch second fund. Venture Beat. December 12, 2006 [May 18, 2009]. (原始内容存档于July 20, 2009).
- ^ Gapper, John. Lunch with the FT: Sean Parker – FT.com – March 4, 2011 6:41 pm Gapper, John. FT.com. March 4, 2011 [August 2, 2013]. (原始内容存档于September 1, 2016).
- ^ 12.0 12.1 12.2 Genius from Class '96. [2011-02-20]. (原始内容存档于2010-10-06).
- ^ Tsotsis, Alexia.Mark Pincus Used To Be Sean Parker’s Boss(页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆).TechCrunch.2011-10-18.
- ^ DealBook. The Strange Web Genius of Sean Parker. 纽约时报. 2010-09-07 [2014-10-30]. (原始内容存档于2018-09-30).
- ^ Estes, Adam Clark. The Overripe Fruits of Sean Parker's Labor on Twitter 互联网档案馆的存档,存档日期2013-10-30.. The Atlantic. 2011-10-27.
- ^ Gastaldo, Evann. Meet Facebook 'Genius' Sean Parker 互联网档案馆的存档,存档日期June 1, 2016,.. Newser. September 8, 2010.
- ^ Bertoni, Steven. Sean Parker: Agent of Disruption 互联网档案馆的存档,存档日期September 9, 2017,.. Forbes. September 21, 2011. "Question the audiophile about the best brand of headphones and you first learn how sound waves are registered by our tympanic membranes."
- ^ Kirkpatrick, David. With a Little Help From His Friends. 浮华世界. 2010-10 [2011-07-01]. (原始内容存档于2014-10-30). "There is hardly a topic—literary, political, medical, or technological—about which he cannot offer an informed and nuanced opinion in his rapid-fire patter. (Don't get him started on Ben Franklin's role as a media pioneer.)"
- ^ Kirkpatrick, David. With a Little Help From His Friends. 浮华世界. 2010-10 [2011-07-01]. (原始内容存档于2014-10-30). "He's always talking about the potential of computers to generate algorithms for likeable melodies, and we have this ongoing argument: he believes it's only a matter of time before computers will be able to create listenable tunes."
- ^ Bertoni, Steven. Sean Parker: Agent of Disruption 互联网档案馆的存档,存档日期2017-09-09.. Forbes. September 21, 2011. "I kind of refer to it as Napster University—it was a crash course in intellectual property law, corporate finance, entrepreneurship, and law school. Some of the e-mails I wrote when I was just a kid who didn't know what he was doing are apparently in [law school] textbooks."
- ^ Levy, Steven. The Noisy War Over Napster 互联网档案馆的存档,存档日期November 6, 2011,.. The Daily Beast.2000-06-04.
- ^ Napster shut down. BBC News. July 27, 2000 [May 18, 2009]. (原始内容存档于2009-01-11).
- ^ Napster must stay shut down. BBC News. March 26, 2002 [May 18, 2009].
- ^ Pruitt, Scarlett. Napster's Legacy Lives On 互联网档案馆的存档,存档日期November 5, 2011,.. PC World. September 6, 2002.
- ^ Waters, Darren. Napster's legacy lives on 互联网档案馆的存档,存档日期2016-01-12.. BBC News.
- ^ Cooper, Charles. Perspective: Apple and the legacy of Napster 互联网档案馆的存档,存档日期October 7, 2008,.. CNET. August 6, 2004.
- ^ Napster's Rise and Fall--And Its Future 互联网档案馆的存档,存档日期March 29, 2016,.. Forbes. May 28, 2003.
- ^ Konrad, Rachel. Napster among fastest-growing Net technologies 互联网档案馆的存档,存档日期2015-01-06.. CNET. October 5, 2000.
- ^ Jardin, Xeni. Napster Co-Founder's New Venture. Wired. November 12, 2002 [May 18, 2009]. (原始内容存档于April 16, 2016).
- ^ Bertoni, Steven. Sean Parker: Agent of Disruption 互联网档案馆的存档,存档日期September 9, 2017,.. Forbes. September 21, 2011. "It sounds boring compared to Napster and Facebook, but Plaxo was an early social networking tool and a pioneer of the types of viral tricks that helped grow LinkedIn, Zynga, and Facebook. "Plaxo is like the indie band that the public doesn't know but was really influential with other musicians," Parker says."
- ^ Comcast to Buy Plaxo 互联网档案馆的存档,存档日期November 9, 2013,.. Hot Hardware. May 25, 2008.
- ^ Kalyanam, Kirthi; Shelby McIntyre, J Todd Masonis (2007). Adaptive experimentation in interactive marketing: The case of viral marketing at Plaxo 互联网档案馆的存档,存档日期October 9, 2011,.. Journal of Interactive Marketing.
- ^ Marshall, Matt. Founders Fund hires Sean Parker as a partner, to launch second fund. Venture Beat. December 12, 2006 [May 18, 2009]. (原始内容存档于July 20, 2009). "During the post-bubble downturn, Parker got pushed out by Sequoia Capital and Ram Shriram, and there's been silence over the real reasons ever since. There were reports of private investigators going after Parker."
- ^ Kirkpatrick, David. The Facebook Effect: The Inside Story of the Company That Is Connecting the World. Simon & Schuster, May 3, 2011. "Finally they booted him out. In the end, they even hired a private investigator to document his alleged misbehaviour.
- ^ 35.0 35.1 Kirkpatrick, David. The Facebook Effect: The Inside Story of the Company That Is Connecting the World. 西蒙与舒斯特. February 2010. ISBN 978-1-4391-0211-4.
- ^ Bertoni, Steven. Sean Parker: Agent of Disruption 互联网档案馆的存档,存档日期September 9, 2017,.. Forbes. September 21, 2011. "Facebook's key architect, Parker helped drive Facebook's minimalist look. He was adamant that the site have a continuous flow and tasks like adding friends to be as frictionless as possible."
- ^ Sean Parker: Managing Partner, Founders Fund 互联网档案馆的存档,存档日期March 31, 2016,.. Web 2.0 Summit.
- ^ Eaton, Kit. Why You Should Care About Sean Parker: The Man Behind Napster, Facebook, and Chatroulette 互联网档案馆的存档,存档日期July 19, 2012,.. Fast Company. September 8, 2010.
- ^ Kirkpatrick, David. With a Little Help From His Friends. Vanity Fair. October 2010 [July 1, 2011]. (原始内容存档于October 30, 2014). "I don't think Sean ever really left Facebook", said board member Thiel. "He's continued to be involved in many ways."
- ^ Marikar, Sheila. Justin Timberlake: From Boy Band Heartthrob to Modern Day Renaissance Man 互联网档案馆的存档,存档日期August 29, 2017,.. ABC News. September 30, 2010.
- ^ Gustin, Sam. The Social Network Nabs Eight Oscar Nods 互联网档案馆的存档,存档日期December 25, 2016,.. Wired. 2011-01-25.
- ^ Albanesius, Chloe. https://uk.pcmag.com/news/104243/oscars-social-network-fizzles-douglas-and-bullock-light-up-twitter Oscars: 'Social Network' Fizzles, Douglas and Bullock Light Up Twitter] 互联网档案馆的存档,存档日期May 23, 2018,.. PCWorld. February 28, 2011.
- ^ Dargis, Manohla. The Social Network (2010) 互联网档案馆的存档,存档日期July 10, 2013,.. The New York Times.
- ^ Sean Parker: The Social Network is a complete work of fiction 互联网档案馆的存档,存档日期October 27, 2016,.. The Next Web. 2011-01-23.
- ^ What's True in the Facebook Movie 互联网档案馆的存档,存档日期May 15, 2017,.. The Daily Beast. September 30, 2010.
- ^ White, Charlie. Sean Parker Says "The Social Network" Is "Fiction" 互联网档案馆的存档,存档日期February 25, 2017,.. Mashable. 2011-01-23.