征服者-313战斗机

征服者-313战斗机; قاهر-۳۱۳‎
类型	隐形战斗机
原产国	伊朗
起役日期	未知
状态	研发中（2013年）

征服者-313战斗机（波斯语：قاهر-۳۱۳‎，又有“Ghaher-313”、“Qaher-313”、“Q-313”、“F-313”多种称呼与译名）是伊朗空军的一款研制中的单座隐形战斗机，于2013年2月1日首次对外公布^[1]，其性能遽闻与美国制的F/A-18E/F“超级大黄蜂”战斗攻击机相似。^[2]。2013年2月2日由总统马哈茂德·艾哈迈迪内贾德与国防部长艾哈迈德·瓦希迪于伊斯兰革命成功为期10天的纪念仪式中介绍^[3]^[4]^[5]^[6]^[7]。

发展

据伊朗政府资料，征服者-313战斗机由伊朗国防部下属部门、“伊朗航空工业组织”、伊朗空军所研发与生产，研制工程由哈桑·帕法涅（Hassan Parvaneh）负责^[8]^[9]。

遽闻设计团队已造出两架缩小型的飞机模型与测试，一座模型使用螺旋桨发动机，另一座据影片显示，使用微型涡轮喷射发动机^[10]。模型也被设计团队公布于影片中^[11]。

伊朗之外的媒体消息指出，该机可能无法满足现有性能规格的要求，充其量只能作为一种大型的样机或原型机^[4]^[7]^[12]^[13]，BBC新闻则指出这架飞机看似为美军F22的廉价仿制品^[14]。以色列的《国土报》表示，“伊朗声称该机的飞行影像极为模糊，显示似乎并非为载人机，反倒像小型的无线电操作机。”^[7]但之后的公布照片表明该机虽然体积比各国主力战机明显小，然而确实能载一名驾驶员。

设计

据伊朗资料该机为匿踪战机，具低海拔作战能力^[15]，还声称征服者以“先进材质”所造、低雷达检测度^[14]，也有资料宣称可于短跑道上进行起降，且容易维护^[16]。

《全球飞行》记述道，征服者类似于波音的“猛禽”（Bird of Prey）原型机，但有更多部份类似于1970年代的拥蓝（Have Blue）原型机，后来该机发展成现已退役的F-117夜鹰战斗机。《全球飞行》还写道“这是一款明显尺寸较小的飞机，发动机可能取自于通用电气的J-85涡轮发动机逆向工程所得的变体。”^[9]

资料来源

^ Iran to unveil new indigenous fighter jet. Iran: PressTV. 2013-02-01 [2013-02-02]. （原始内容存档于2014-07-30）.
^ 伊朗公布征服者313新型国产战斗机外形很科幻互联网档案馆的存档，存档日期2013-06-29.《大公报》2013-02-03
^ Iran president unveils Qaher-313 indigenous fighter jet. Iran: PressTV. 2013-02-02 [2013-02-02]. （原始内容存档于2016-01-10）.
^ ^4.0 ^4.1 Iran unveils new indigenous stealth fighter “Qaher 313″. And here’s a detailed analysis. The Aviationist. 2013-02-02 [2013-02-02]. （原始内容存档于2018-06-11）.
^ Ahmadinejad unveils Iran's newest fighter jet. Google News. AP. 2013-02-02 [2013-02-02]. （原始内容存档于2013-02-06）.
^ Iran unveils futuristic-looking warplane. Philippine Daily Inquirer. AFP. 2013-02-02 [2013-02-02]. （原始内容存档于2018-08-26）.
^ ^7.0 ^7.1 ^7.2 Turkey: U.S. Embassy bomber was convicted of terrorism in 1997. Haaretz. Reuters, Associated Press. 2013-02-02 [2013-02-02]. （原始内容存档于2015-02-07）（英语）. A closer look at the example presented to the regime’s leaders, including President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad and Defense Minister Ahmad Vahidi, looks like little more than a glorified mock-up that seems to have been built with leftover props from a cheap science-fiction flick. [...] The blurry video published by the Iranians purporting to show the Qaher 313 in flight seems to show not a manned fighter jet but a small radio-operated drone.
^ Iran unveils advanced fighter jet F-313 (slideshow). The Economic Times (India). 2013-02-02: 6 [2013-02-02]. （原始内容存档于2017-07-03）.
^ ^9.0 ^9.1 Majumdar, Dave. Iran reveals new Qaher 313 stealth fighter. Flight Global. 2 February 2013 [3 February 2013]. （原始内容存档于2019-11-07）.
^ Qaher-313 Inauguration Ceremony (arabic). Youtube (Tehran). 2013-02-02 [2013-02-02]. （原始内容存档于2016-03-16）.
^ Qaher-313 (Persian). Youtube (Tehran). 2013-02-02 [2013-02-02]. （原始内容存档于2020-01-04）.
^ Anshel Pfeffer. המפציץ החמקן האיראני – כנראה מטוס דמה שלא מסוגל לטוס [Iranian stealth bomber - probably a dummy plane that cannot fly]. Haaretz. 2013-02-02 [2013-02-02]. （原始内容存档于2020-02-13）（希伯来语）. השאלה הרצינית היחידה שמעלה הצגת המטוס, שכמעט בוודאות מעולם לא הופיע על שולחן השרטוט של מהנדס אווירונאוטי, אבל ללא ספק דרש אלפי שעות הפקה של אנשי התעמולה של המשטר, הוא על מי האיראנים מנסים לעבוד? [The only serious question raised by the display of the plane, that almost certainly never appeared on the drawing board of an aeronautical engineer, but certainly demanded thousands of production hours of the regime's propaganda, is who are the Iranians trying to deceive?]
^ Iranian technology: Domestic triumph or monkey business?. Israel HaYom. 2013-02-03 [2013-02-03]. （原始内容存档于2020-10-15）（希伯来语）. Officials in Israel's defense establishment cast doubt on the capabilities of the F-313. "Without knowing too much, it looks like the plane has many flaws. Developing a fighter jet is not a simple task. It's quite unlikely that this plane will be a cause of concern for the Israeli Air Force..."
^ ^14.0 ^14.1 Cyrus Amini. Qaher F313: Iran unveils home-made 'stealth' fighter (report with video). BBC Persian (BBC News Online). 2013-02-02 [2013-02-02]. （原始内容存档于2018-12-09）.
^ Iran unveils domestically built fighter jet. Emirates 24/7. AFP. 2013-02-02 [2013-02-02]. （原始内容存档于2021-05-13）.
^ Iran’s super advanced Qaher-313 can evade radars: Defense minister. Iran: PressTV. 2013-02-02 [2013-02-02]. （原始内容存档于2015-09-24）.

外部链接

（波斯文）伊朗国防部网站

[PressTV_2013-02-01-1] Iran to unveil new indigenous fighter jet. Iran: PressTV. 2013-02-01 [2013-02-02]. （原始内容存档于2014-07-30）.

[2] 伊朗公布征服者313新型国产战斗机外形很科幻互联网档案馆的存档，存档日期2013-06-29.《大公报》2013-02-03

[PressTV_2013-02-02_a-3] Iran president unveils Qaher-313 indigenous fighter jet. Iran: PressTV. 2013-02-02 [2013-02-02]. （原始内容存档于2016-01-10）.

[Aviationist_2013-02-02-4] 4.0 ^4.1 Iran unveils new indigenous stealth fighter “Qaher 313″. And here’s a detailed analysis. The Aviationist. 2013-02-02 [2013-02-02]. （原始内容存档于2018-06-11）.

[GoogleNews_2013-02-02-5] Ahmadinejad unveils Iran's newest fighter jet. Google News. AP. 2013-02-02 [2013-02-02]. （原始内容存档于2013-02-06）.

[InquirerNews_2013-02-02-6] Iran unveils futuristic-looking warplane. Philippine Daily Inquirer. AFP. 2013-02-02 [2013-02-02]. （原始内容存档于2018-08-26）.

[Haaretz_b_2013-02-02-7] 7.0 ^7.1 ^7.2 Turkey: U.S. Embassy bomber was convicted of terrorism in 1997. Haaretz. Reuters, Associated Press. 2013-02-02 [2013-02-02]. （原始内容存档于2015-02-07）（英语）. A closer look at the example presented to the regime’s leaders, including President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad and Defense Minister Ahmad Vahidi, looks like little more than a glorified mock-up that seems to have been built with leftover props from a cheap science-fiction flick. [...] The blurry video published by the Iranians purporting to show the Qaher 313 in flight seems to show not a manned fighter jet but a small radio-operated drone.

[EconomicTimes_2013-02-02-8] Iran unveils advanced fighter jet F-313 (slideshow). The Economic Times (India). 2013-02-02: 6 [2013-02-02]. （原始内容存档于2017-07-03）.

[Majumdar02Feb13-9] 9.0 ^9.1 Majumdar, Dave. Iran reveals new Qaher 313 stealth fighter. Flight Global. 2 February 2013 [3 February 2013]. （原始内容存档于2019-11-07）.

[10] Qaher-313 Inauguration Ceremony (arabic). Youtube (Tehran). 2013-02-02 [2013-02-02]. （原始内容存档于2016-03-16）.

[11] Qaher-313 (Persian). Youtube (Tehran). 2013-02-02 [2013-02-02]. （原始内容存档于2020-01-04）.

[Haaretz_a_2013-02-02-12] Anshel Pfeffer. המפציץ החמקן האיראני – כנראה מטוס דמה שלא מסוגל לטוס [Iranian stealth bomber - probably a dummy plane that cannot fly]. Haaretz. 2013-02-02 [2013-02-02]. （原始内容存档于2020-02-13）（希伯来语）. השאלה הרצינית היחידה שמעלה הצגת המטוס, שכמעט בוודאות מעולם לא הופיע על שולחן השרטוט של מהנדס אווירונאוטי, אבל ללא ספק דרש אלפי שעות הפקה של אנשי התעמולה של המשטר, הוא על מי האיראנים מנסים לעבוד? [The only serious question raised by the display of the plane, that almost certainly never appeared on the drawing board of an aeronautical engineer, but certainly demanded thousands of production hours of the regime's propaganda, is who are the Iranians trying to deceive?]

[IsraelHaYom_2013-02-03-13] Iranian technology: Domestic triumph or monkey business?. Israel HaYom. 2013-02-03 [2013-02-03]. （原始内容存档于2020-10-15）（希伯来语）. Officials in Israel's defense establishment cast doubt on the capabilities of the F-313. "Without knowing too much, it looks like the plane has many flaws. Developing a fighter jet is not a simple task. It's quite unlikely that this plane will be a cause of concern for the Israeli Air Force..."

[BBC_2013-02-02-14] 14.0 ^14.1 Cyrus Amini. Qaher F313: Iran unveils home-made 'stealth' fighter (report with video). BBC Persian (BBC News Online). 2013-02-02 [2013-02-02]. （原始内容存档于2018-12-09）.

[Emirates247_2013-02-02-15] Iran unveils domestically built fighter jet. Emirates 24/7. AFP. 2013-02-02 [2013-02-02]. （原始内容存档于2021-05-13）.

[PressTV_2013-02-02_b-16] Iran’s super advanced Qaher-313 can evade radars: Defense minister. Iran: PressTV. 2013-02-02 [2013-02-02]. （原始内容存档于2015-09-24）.

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征服者-313战斗机 قاهر-۳۱۳‎

类型	隐形战斗机
原产国	伊朗
起役日期	未知
状态	研发中（2013年）