偽學術
偽學術(英語:Pseudo-scholarship),又稱假學術,是指任何經宣稱為學術或學術研究,或描述方式看起來像學術,但實際上並不符合相關學術研究的基本方法要求及知識、缺乏支持證據,經不起可信性測試,缺乏嚴謹客觀的研究,或缺乏學術要求的形式。偽學術經常使用模糊的、自相矛盾的、誇張的、無法證明及無法證偽的主張,過度依賴確認而不是嚴格的反駁,缺乏其它專家的公開確認,缺乏系統化、理性化、學術化的理論過程。[1]
偽學術的例子包括:
參考
編輯- ^ Jerome V. Jacobsen, "Notes and Comment:
Pseudo-scholarship", Mid-America: An Historical Review, Volumes 23–24, (Chicago: Loyola University, 1941) p. 315
- Steve J. Stern, "Between Tragedy and Promise" (頁面存檔備份,存於網際網路檔案館), in Gilbert Michael Joseph, Reclaiming the Political in Latin American History (Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2001) p. 33
- Shaye J. D. Cohen, "In Memoriam Morton Smith" (頁面存檔備份,存於網際網路檔案館), in Shaye J. D. Cohen, Studies in the Cult of Yahweh, Vol. 2: New Testament, Early Christianity, & Magic (Leiden: BRILL, 1996) p. 285
- ^ Jeremy Bernstein, A Comprehensible World: On Modern Science and Its Origins, 2nd ed. (New York: Random House, 1967) p. 193
- ^ Marshall Fishwick, American Studies in Transition (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1969) p. 265-266