六甲基環三硅氮烷
化合物
六甲基環三硅氮烷,簡稱HMCTS[3]或HMCTSZN,[4]是一種有機化合物,化學式 C
6H
21N
3Si
3 或[–Si(CH
3)
2–NH–]
3。這個分子裡面有由三個硅原子和三個氮原子交替排列而成的六元環,每個硅原子都連接兩個甲基,氮原子則連接氫原子。它也可以看作是假想化合物環三硅氮烷 [–SiH
2–NH–]
3的衍生物,或是假想化合物二甲基硅氮烷 (CH
3)
2SiNH的三聚體。[2][5]
六甲基環三硅氮烷 | |
---|---|
IUPAC名 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexamethyl-1,3,5,2,4,6-triazatrisilinane | |
英文名 | hexamethylcyclotrisilazane |
別名 | 二甲基硅氮烷三聚體 三聚二甲基硅氮烷 HMCTS HCMTSZ |
識別 | |
CAS號 | 1009-93-4 |
PubChem | 66094 |
ChemSpider | 59483 |
SMILES |
|
性質 | |
化學式 | C6H21N3Si3 |
摩爾質量 | 219.51 g·mol−1 |
密度 | d20 0.9196 g/mL [1] |
熔點 | −10 °C [1][2] |
沸點 | 188 °C [1][2] |
折光度n D |
n20/D 1.445 [1] |
危險性 | |
GHS危險性符號 | |
GHS提示詞 | Danger |
H-術語 | H226, H302, H314, H315, H318, H319, H335 |
P-術語 | P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P261, P264, P270, P271, P280, P301+312, P301+330+331 |
致死量或濃度: | |
LD50(中位劑量)
|
500 mg/kg(大鼠)[2] |
若非註明,所有數據均出自標準狀態(25 ℃,100 kPa)下。 |
六甲基環三硅氮烷在室溫下是無色清澈液體。[2]
由於其在半導體工業中的應用,六甲基環三硅氮烷作為氮化硅[6][7][4]和碳氮化硅[8]沉積的前體已被廣泛研究,並作為光刻膠中的添加劑。也有人建議將其作為二氧化硅的添加劑,用於色譜法。[9]
結構
編輯六甲基環三硅氮烷的環幾乎是一個平面。這個分子內的鍵長為 Si-N = 1.728 Å、Si-C = 1.871 Å、C-H = 1.124 Å。它的鍵角則為 N-Si-N ≈ 108°、Si-N-Si ≈ 127°、 C-Si-C ≈ 109°、H-C-H ≈ 112°。[10][11]
製備
編輯六甲基環三硅氮烷是在1948年由 Brewer 和 Haber 通過二甲基二氯硅烷 Si(CH
3)
2Cl
2和液氨 NH
3反應,然後用苯萃取沉澱首次合成的。反應會產生多種產物,主要是三聚體和四聚體八甲基環四硅氮烷。三聚體可以通過分餾與其他產物分離。[1]
參見
編輯參考資料
編輯- ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Stuart D. Brewer and Charles P. Haber (1948): "Alkylsilazanes and Some Related Compounds". Journal of the American Chemical Society, volume 70, issue 11, pages 3888-3891. doi:10.1021/ja01191a106
- ^ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 NCBI, U.S. National Institutes of Health (2020): "2,2,4,4,6,6-Hexamethylcyclotrisilazane". Compound data sheet, PubChem online database. Accessed on 2020-01-04.
- ^ FAR Chemical (2020): "Product 654201: Hexamethylcyclotrisilazane (頁面存檔備份,存於網際網路檔案館)". Catalog page. Accessed on 2020-01-04.
- ^ 4.0 4.1 T. A. Brooks and D. W. Hess (1988): "Deposition chemistry and structure of plasma‐deposited silicon nitride films from 1,1,3,3,5,5‐hexamethylcyclotrisilazane". Journal of Applied Physics, volume 64, page 841. doi:10.1063/1.341935
- ^ Beilstein 4 III 1887.
- ^ Dennis W. Hess and Todd A. Brooks (1987): "Plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition of thin films of silicon nitride from cyclic organosilicon nitrogen (頁面存檔備份,存於網際網路檔案館)". United States Patent 4863755A.
- ^ T. A. Brooks and D. W. Hess (1987): "Plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition of silicon nitride from 1,1,3,3,5,5-hexamethylcyclotrisilazane and ammonia". Thin Solid Films, volume 153, issues 1–3, pages 521-529. doi:10.1016/0040-6090(87)90211-2
- ^ N. I. Fainer, A. N. Golubenko, Yu. M. Rumyantsev, and E. A. Maximovskii (2009): "Use of hexamethylcyclotrisilazane for preparation of transparent films of complex compositions". Glass Physics and Chemistry, volume 35, issue 3, pages 274–283. doi:10.1134/S1087659609030067
- ^ J. Nawrocki (1985): "Modification of silica with mixtures of hexamethylcyclotrisilazane and hexamethyldisilazane". Chromatographia´ volume 20, pages 308–312. doi:10.1007/BF02310388
- ^ Béla Rozsondai, István Hargittai, Aleksei V. Golubinskii, Lev V.Vilkov, and Vladimir S.Mastryukov (1975): "Electron diffraction study on the molecular structure of hexamethylcyclotrisilazane, [(CH
3)
2SiNH]
3". Journal of Molecular Structure, volume 28, issue 2, pages 339-348. doi:10.1016/0022-2860(75)80104-9 - ^ D. M. Adams and W. S. Fernando (1973): "The vibrational spectra of hexamethylcyclotrisiloxane and hexamethylcyclotrisilazane". Journal of the Chemical Society, Dalton Transactions, issue 4, pages 410-413.doi:10.1039/DT9730000410
- ^ Hiromi Ohsaki, Yoshihumi Takeda, Toshinobu Ishihara, and Akira Hayashida (1991) "Method for preparing hexamethyl cyclotrisilazane (頁面存檔備份,存於網際網路檔案館)". United States Patent 5075474A
- ^ Barry C. Arkles and Burrell N. Hamon (1985): "Method of preparing hexamethylcyclotrisilazane (頁面存檔備份,存於網際網路檔案館)" United States Patent 4577039A.