月球熔岩管

月球熔岩管是月球表面之下由玄武岩質熔岩流動而形成的通道。當熔岩管的表面冷卻以後會硬化形成頂部，而底下則是有岩漿流動的管狀區域。一旦熔岩流減少，這樣的管道就會成為空無一物的通道。月球熔岩管的坡度範圍在0.4-6.5°之間^[3]，並且在重力不穩定塌陷前寬度可能達到500公尺，不過熔岩管可能會因為月震或隕石撞擊而被破壞^[4]。

在月球上同時有月溪和熔岩管的一個典型區域就是馬利厄斯丘陵^[3]。2008年日本的月球探測器輝夜姬宣佈在該區域發現了熔岩管的開口^[5]。哈德里月溪可能有部分區域原是熔岩通道，但有部分區域坍塌^[6]。澄海可能也有熔岩管的存在^[7]^[8]^[9]^[10]。

月球的熔岩管也許可以作為人類未來在月球居住區域的遮蔽物。直徑大於300公尺的熔岩管也許存在，並且深度40公尺以下的玄武岩質熔岩管也許溫度會是穩定的−20℃^[2]。這些天然通道可以作為宇宙線、隕石、微流星體和撞擊事件的噴發物的屏蔽物。而熔岩管和月球表面的溫度變化隔絕，可以成為穩定的居住環境^[11]。月球熔岩管一般是沿着月海和高地的邊緣存在，因此在較高區域可以用來進行通訊，而玄武岩質平原將可以作為太空載具登陸地點和使用月球土壤進行耕作和採礦^[12]。

參見

參考資料

^ Horvath T, Hayne PO. 月球坑和熔岩管内的热环境及光照. 美國地球物理學會秋季會議摘要. December 2018, 2018: P12A–06. Bibcode:2018AGUFM.P12A..06H （英語）.
^ ^2.0 ^2.1 York, Cheryl Lynn; et al, Lunar lava tube sensing, Lunar and Planetary Institute, Joint Workshop on New Technologies for Lunar Resource Assessment: 51–52, December 1992, Bibcode:1992ntlr.work...51Y
^ ^3.0 ^3.1 Greeley, Ronald, Lava Tubes and Channels in the Lunar Marius Hills, The Moon, December 1971, 3 (3): 289–314, Bibcode:1971Moon....3..289G, doi:10.1007/BF00561842
^ Cruikshank, D. P.; Wood, C. A., Lunar Rilles and Hawaiian Volcanic Features: Possible Analogues, The Moon, March 1972, 3 (4): 412–447, Bibcode:1972Moon....3..412C, doi:10.1007/BF00562463
^ Handwerk, Brian, First Moon "Skylight" Found -- Could House Lunar Base?, National Geographic, October 26, 2009 [2011-01-27], （原始內容存檔於2011-10-10）
^ Greeley, Ronald, Lunar Hadley Rille: Considerations of Its Origin, Science, May 1971, 172 (3984): 722–725, Bibcode:1971Sci...172..722G, doi:10.1126/science.172.3984.722
^ Coombs, Cassandra R.; Hawke, B. Ray, A search for intact lava tubes on the Moon: Possible lunar base habitats, In NASA. Johnson Space Center, The Second Conference on Lunar Bases and Space Activities of the 21st Century (SEE N93-17414 05-91) 1: 219–229, September 1992, Bibcode:1992lbsa.conf..219C
^ Scientists eye moon colonies — in the holes on the lunar surface, Daily News, [13 October 2011], （原始內容存檔於2011-07-14）
^ Spelunking the Lunar Landscape, [13 October 2011], （原始內容存檔於2010-03-07）
^ Very Clever! LRO Views Huge Lava Tube Skylight in Mare Ingenii, Universe Today, [13 October 2011], （原始內容存檔於2010-06-22）
^ De Angelis, G.; et al, Lunar Lava Tubes Radiation Safety Analysis, Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society, November 2001, 33: 1037, Bibcode:2001DPS....33.1003D
^ Walden, Bryce E.; et al, Utility of Lava Tubes on Other Worlds, Workshop on Using In Situ resources for Construction of Planetary Outposts: 16, January 1998, Bibcode:1998uisr.work...16W

外部連結

O'Neill, Ian, Living in Lunar Lava Tubes, Discover News, October 27, 2009 [2012-01-05], （原始內容存檔於2012-10-23）

[1] Horvath T, Hayne PO. 月球坑和熔岩管内的热环境及光照. 美國地球物理學會秋季會議摘要. December 2018, 2018: P12A–06. Bibcode:2018AGUFM.P12A..06H （英語）.

[york_et_al1992-2] 2.0 ^2.1 York, Cheryl Lynn; et al, Lunar lava tube sensing, Lunar and Planetary Institute, Joint Workshop on New Technologies for Lunar Resource Assessment: 51–52, December 1992, Bibcode:1992ntlr.work...51Y

[tm3_3_289-3] 3.0 ^3.1 Greeley, Ronald, Lava Tubes and Channels in the Lunar Marius Hills, The Moon, December 1971, 3 (3): 289–314, Bibcode:1971Moon....3..289G, doi:10.1007/BF00561842

[tm3_4_412-4] Cruikshank, D. P.; Wood, C. A., Lunar Rilles and Hawaiian Volcanic Features: Possible Analogues, The Moon, March 1972, 3 (4): 412–447, Bibcode:1972Moon....3..412C, doi:10.1007/BF00562463

[ng20091026-5] Handwerk, Brian, First Moon "Skylight" Found -- Could House Lunar Base?, National Geographic, October 26, 2009 [2011-01-27], （原始內容存檔於2011-10-10）

[science172_3984_722-6] Greeley, Ronald, Lunar Hadley Rille: Considerations of Its Origin, Science, May 1971, 172 (3984): 722–725, Bibcode:1971Sci...172..722G, doi:10.1126/science.172.3984.722

[coombs_hawke1992-7] Coombs, Cassandra R.; Hawke, B. Ray, A search for intact lava tubes on the Moon: Possible lunar base habitats, In NASA. Johnson Space Center, The Second Conference on Lunar Bases and Space Activities of the 21st Century (SEE N93-17414 05-91) 1: 219–229, September 1992, Bibcode:1992lbsa.conf..219C

[DailyNews-8] Scientists eye moon colonies — in the holes on the lunar surface, Daily News, [13 October 2011], （原始內容存檔於2011-07-14）

[DiscoverMag-9] Spelunking the Lunar Landscape, [13 October 2011], （原始內容存檔於2010-03-07）

[UniverseToday-10] Very Clever! LRO Views Huge Lava Tube Skylight in Mare Ingenii, Universe Today, [13 October 2011], （原始內容存檔於2010-06-22）

[baas33_1037-11] De Angelis, G.; et al, Lunar Lava Tubes Radiation Safety Analysis, Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society, November 2001, 33: 1037, Bibcode:2001DPS....33.1003D

[walden_et_al1998-12] Walden, Bryce E.; et al, Utility of Lava Tubes on Other Worlds, Workshop on Using In Situ resources for Construction of Planetary Outposts: 16, January 1998, Bibcode:1998uisr.work...16W

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