維基百科

鱗足螺

鱗足螺（學名：Chrysomallon squamiferum），又名鱗角腹足蝸牛[3]，是一種生活在深海熱泉的海螺，屬於Peltospiridae（英語：Peltospiridae）科的海洋腹足綱軟體動物物種[2]，也是鱗足螺屬（Chrysomallon）的單型種。本物種不單與其他深海腹足綱物種相異甚遠，就連同屬Neomphaloidea總科的物種亦與之相異甚遠[4]。2019年，因深海資源開發將對熱泉區帶來的環境影響，它以瀕危（endangered，指很可能會絕滅的物種）[5]的級別被列入國際自然保護聯盟（IUCN）的瀕危物種紅色名錄[6][7]。

鱗足螺
保護狀況
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瀕危（IUCN 3.1）[1]
科學分類 編輯
界： 動物界 Animalia
門： 軟體動物門 Mollusca
綱： 腹足綱 Gastropoda
科： Peltospiridae科 Peltospiridae
屬： 鱗足螺屬 Chrysomallon
Chen, Linse, Copley & Rogers, 2015
種：
鱗足螺 C. squamiferum
二名法
Chrysomallon squamiferum
Chen, Linse, Copley & Rogers, 2015[2]
異名[2]
  • Crysomallon squamiferum（拼寫錯誤）

其螺殼雖然亦是與其他腹足綱物種一樣由三層組成，但部分的化學構成有所不同：最外一層由硫化鐵組成，中間一層相當於其他物種的有機外殼膜，而最裏層則由霰石構成。其腹足亦很特別，裹有礦物化了的鐵構成的鱗甲。這亦是本物種的名稱由來。

其異常大的食道腺住有共生性Γ-變形菌，；而其心臟按其身體體型與其他動物來比較亦是異常的大，佔了整個身體的4%體積[4]。

習性

編輯
 
兩種形態的鱗角腹足蝸牛

其生活在印度洋海域2400米到2800米深的深海熱泉[2]。該物種被首次發現於2001年，位於印度洋中洋脊2420米深深海熱泉的黑色海底煙柱旁[8]。該物種隨後也在Solitaire與Longqi區域被發現[9][10][11]。

註釋

編輯

參考文獻

編輯

This article incorporates Creative Commons (CC-BY-4.0) text from references[4][12][13] and CC-BY-2.5 text from the reference[14]

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  2. ^ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Chen, Chong; Linse, Katrin; Copley, Jonathan T.; Rogers, Alex D. The 'scaly-foot gastropod': a new genus and species of hydrothermal vent-endemic gastropod (Neomphalina: Peltospiridae) from the Indian Ocean. Journal of Molluscan Studies. 2015, 81 (3): 322–334 [2015-10-26]. doi:10.1093/mollus/eyv013. （原始內容存檔於2016-07-13）. 
  3. ^ 外海：鱗角腹足蝸牛. 生命無奇不有！：海、河、湖的怪奇生物圖鑑. 台灣東販股份有限公司. 2017-10-01: 144–145. ISBN 978-986-475-475-5 （中文（繁體））. 
  4. ^ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Chen, Chong; Copley, Jonathan T.; Linse, Katrin; Rogers, Alex D.; Sigwart, Julia D. The heart of a dragon: 3D anatomical reconstruction of the 'scaly-foot gastropod' (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Neomphalina) reveals its extraordinary circulatory system. Frontiers in Zoology. 2015, 12: 13. PMC 4470333  . PMID 26085836. doi:10.1186/s12983-015-0105-1  . 
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  11. ^ Chen, Chong; Copley, Jonathan T.; Linse, Katrin; Rogers, Alex D.; Sigwart, Julia. How the mollusc got its scales: convergent evolution of the molluscan scleritome. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society. April 2015, 114 (4): 949–954. doi:10.1111/bij.12462. 
  12. ^ Beedessee, Girish; Watanabe, Hiromi; Ogura, Tomomi; Nemoto, Suguru; Yahagi, Takuya; Nakagawa, Satoshi; Nakamura, Kentaro; Takai, Ken; Koonjul, Meera; Marie, Daniel E. P. High Connectivity of Animal Populations in Deep-Sea Hydrothermal Vent Fields in the Central Indian Ridge Relevant to Its Geological Setting. PLOS ONE. 2013, 8 (12): e81570. Bibcode:2013PLoSO...881570B. PMC 3864839  . PMID 24358117. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0081570  . 
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  14. ^ Nakamura, Kentaro; Watanabe, Hiromi; Miyazaki, Junichi; Takai, Ken; Kawagucci, Shinsuke; Noguchi, Takuro; Nemoto, Suguru; Watsuji, Tomo-o; Matsuzaki, Takuya; Shibuya, Takazo; Okamura, Kei; Mochizuki, Masashi; Orihashi, Yuji; Ura, Tamaki; Asada, Akira; Marie, Daniel; Koonjul, Meera; Singh, Manvendra; Beedessee, Girish; Bhikajee, Mitrasen; Tamaki, Kensaku; Schnur, Joel M. Discovery of New Hydrothermal Activity and Chemosynthetic Fauna on the Central Indian Ridge at 18°–20°S. PLOS ONE. 2012, 7 (3): e32965. Bibcode:2012PLoSO...732965N. PMC 3303786  . PMID 22431990. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0032965  . 
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