齒輪螺科
齒輪螺科(學名:Tornidae)[1],是玉黍螺目的一個科級海洋腹足綱軟體動物[1],其物種皆為體型非常細小的有螺厴海螺。此外,Iredale認為本科亦應包括原來屬於扁螺科(Adeorbidae Monterosato, 1884)的物種[2]。
齒輪螺科 | |
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Ventral view of a shell of Elachorbis tatei | |
科學分類 | |
界: | 動物界 Animalia |
門: | 軟體動物門 Mollusca |
綱: | 腹足綱 Gastropoda |
目: | 玉黍螺目 Littorinimorpha |
總科: | 截螺總科 Truncatelloidea |
科: | 齒輪螺科 Tornidae Sacco, 1896 (1884) |
屬 | |
異名 | |
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根據ITIS,現時屬於齒輪螺科的屬,除了齒輪螺屬以外[3],其他的全屬玻璃螺科(Vitrinellidae Bush, 1897)[4]:61[5]。玻璃螺科過往在2005年的分類曾被認為是齒輪螺科的異名,但在2017年的分類又再分別出來。
形態描述
編輯本科物種皆為微小貝,無色,呈玻璃狀。螺殼扁平,有臍孔,耳狀。殼口傾斜;有螺厴,角質,有偏心核。螺殼有簡單的小螺柱,圓形,外唇尖。
分類
編輯2005年分類
編輯根據2005年《布歇特和洛克羅伊的腹足類分類》,本科可分為以下四個亞科[8]:
- Circulinae Fretter & Graham, 1962
- Torninae Sacco, 1896 (1884)
- Teinostomatinae Cossmann, 1917
- 玻璃螺亞科(Vitrinellinae Bush, 1897)[4]:61[1]
不過後來這些亞科都被視為「另類表達形式」。
這四個亞科所包括的屬如下:
玻璃螺亞科(Vitrinellinae Bush, 1897)
- Cyclostremiscus Pilsbry & Olsson, 1945
Subfamily Circulinae
- Circulus Jeffreys, 1865
Subfamily ?
- Anticlimax Pilsbry & McGinty, 1946
- Aorotrema Schwengel & McGinty, 1942
- Canimarina Aguayo & Borro, 1946
- Caperella Laseron, 1958
- Circlotoma Laseron, 1958
- Circulter Laseron, 1958
- Cochliolepis Stimpson, 1958
- Discopsis de Folin, 1870
- Discreliotia Laseron, 1958
- Elachorbis Iredale, 1914
- Episcynia Mörch, 1875
- 入節螺屬 Esmeralda Pilsbry et Olsson, 1952[9]:137[10][11]
- Laciniorbis Martens, 1897
- Lydiphnis Melvill, 1906
- Moeniatoma Laseron, 1958
- Neusas Warén & Bouchet, 2001
- Ovini Simone, 2013
- Panastoma Pilsbry & Olsson, 1945
- Parviturboides Pilsbry & McGinty, 1949
- Peripitoma Laseron, 1958
- Pleuromalaxis Pilsbry & McGinty, 1945
- Ponderinella Marshall, 1988
- 齒輪螺屬 Pseudoliotia Tate, 1898[4]:61
- Pygmaeorota Kuroda & Habe, 1952
- Scissilabra Bartsch, 1907
- Scrupus Finlay, 1927
- Sigaretornus Iredale, 1936
- Solariorbis Conrad, 1865
- Teinostoma H. Adams & A. Adams, 1853
- Tholostoma Laseron, 1958
- Tornus Turton & Kingston, 1830
- Uzumakiella Habe, 1958
- Vitridomus Pilsbry & Olsson, 1945
- 玻璃螺屬 Vitrinella C.B. Adams, 1850
- Vitrinorbis Pilsbry & Olsson, 1952
- Woodringilla Pilsbry & Olsson, 1951
- 異名
- Adeorbis S.V. Wood, 1842: synonym of Tornus Turton & Kingston, 1830
- Climacia Dall, 1903: synonym of Anticlimax Pilsbry & McGinty, 1946
- Climacina Aguayo & Borro, 1946: synonym of Anticlimax Pilsbry & McGinty, 1946
- Liochrysta Laseron, 1958: synonym of Pseudoliotia Tate, 1898
- Lioprora Laseron, 1958: synonym of Canimarina Aguayo & Borro, 1946
- Miralabrum Pilsbry & Olsson, 1945: synonym of Cyclostremiscus Pilsbry & Olsson, 1945
- Ponocyclus Pilsbry, 1953: synonym of Cyclostremiscus Pilsbry & Olsson, 1945
- Pseudorotella P. Fischer, 1857: synonym of Teinostoma H. Adams & A. Adams, 1853
- Pygmaerota Kuroda & Habe, 1952: synonym of Pygmaeorota Kuroda & Habe, 1954
- Soyorota Habe, 1961: synonym of Circulus Jeffreys, 1865
- Tinostoma P. Fischer, 1885: synonym of Teinostoma H. Adams & A. Adams, 1853
2017年分類
編輯根據2017年《布歇特等人的腹足類分類》[12],玻璃螺科(Vitrinellidae Bush, 1897)[4]又再被重新設立。截至2018年8月12日[update],玻璃螺科包括下列三個屬:
- Cyclostremiscus Pilsbry & Olsson, 1945
- 玻璃螺屬 Vitrinella C.B. Adams, 1850
參考文獻
編輯- ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Bouchet P, Gofas S. Bieler R, Bouchet P, Gofas S, Marshall B, Rosenberg G, La Perna R, Neubauer TA, Sartori AF, Schneider S, Vos C, ter Poorten JJ, Taylor J, Dijkstra H, Finn J, Bank R, Neubert E, Moretzsohn F, Faber M, Houart R, Picton B, Garcia-Alvarez O , 編. Tornidae Sacco, 1896 (1884). MolluscaBase. 2014-12-03 –透過WoRMS.
- ^ Iredale. ?. Journal of Conchology: 344.
- ^ Tornidae. ITIS.
- ^ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 張素萍等. 黄渤海软体动物图志: 444. 2016-03-04 [2018-08-12]. ISBN 9787030471406. (原始內容存檔於2018-08-14) (中文(簡體)).
- ^ Vitrinellidae Bush, 1897. ITIS.
- ^ George Washington Tryon, Manual of Conchology vol. X, p.13; 1888-1889
- ^ Thiele, J. Handbuch der Systematischen Weichtierkunde [系統分類學手冊]. 2 vols. 1929–1935: 1154 [2018-08-13]. doi:10.5962/bhl.title.46349. (原始內容存檔於2021-01-03) (德語).
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- ^ 馮偉民. 南沙群島海區的微型腹足類. 中國科學院南沙綜合科學考察隊編 (編). Studies on Marine Fauna and Flora and Biogeography of the Nansha Islands and Neighbouring Waters Ⅱ [南沙群島及其鄰近海區海洋生物分類區系與生物地理研究 2]. 北京: 海洋出版社. 1996-01: 85–205 [2018-06-07]. ISBN 7502738665. (原始內容存檔於2022-03-20) (中文及英語).
- ^ Bouchet P. Bieler R, Bouchet P, Gofas S, Marshall B, Rosenberg G, La Perna R, Neubauer TA, Sartori AF, Schneider S, Vos C, ter Poorten JJ, Taylor J, Dijkstra H, Finn J, Bank R, Neubert E, Moretzsohn F, Faber M, Houart R, Picton B, Garcia-Alvarez O , 編. Esmeralda Pilsbry & Olsson, 1952. MolluscaBase. 2011-08-14 [2018-08-20] –透過WoRMS.
- ^ Bouchet, P.; Rocroi, J.-P.; Hausdorf, B.; Kaim, A.; Kano, Y.; Nützel, A.; Parkhaev, P.; Schrödl, M.; Strong, E.E. Revised Classification, Nomenclator and Typification of Gastropod and Monoplacophoran Families. Malacologia. 2017, 61 (1–2): 1–526. OCLC 7296100651. S2CID 91051256. doi:10.4002/040.061.0201.
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