上海美國法院
上海美國法院,全稱美國中國事務法院(The U.S. Court for China)是美國在20世紀於上海設立的法院。1844年美國同清朝政府簽訂了《中美望廈條約》,從此美國擁有了在中國的「治外法權」。1906年6月30日,美國國會通過法案,決定在上海設立法院,配備職業司法人員處理美國公民在中國地區的法律糾紛和刑事案件。
上海美國法院 (美國中國事務法院) United States Court for China | |
---|---|
Defunct | |
![]() 美國總領事館及美國在華法院,上海 1907年 | |
位置 | 上海公共租界 |
上訴法院 | 第九巡迴上訴法院 |
建立 | 1906年6月30日 |
撤銷 | 1943年5月20日 |
上海美國法院相當於聯邦法院,上訴屬於三藩市的美國第九巡迴上訴法院,終審於美國聯邦最高法院。1943年,美國撤銷了上海美國法院。
上海美國法院法官
編輯法官 | 任期 | 背景 | |
---|---|---|---|
雷布斯·雷德曼·威夫利 | 1906–1908 | 律師及前菲律賓司法部長。 | |
Rufus Hildreth Thayer | 1909–1913 | Lawyer, law clerk in the US Department of Treasury, assistant to the Librarian of Congress and former Advocate General of the District of Columbia National Guard[1] | |
Charles S. Lobingier | 1914–1924 | Law professor, former Judge of the Philippines Court of First Instance and later member of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission | |
米爾頓·德懷特·普迪 | 1924–1934 | 前美國市與郡檢察官、美國聯邦檢察官及美國司法部長助理 | |
米爾頓·約翰·赫爾米克 | 1934–1943 | 前法官及新墨西哥州司法部長 |
Two individuals were also appointed Special Judges of the Court to try cases when the Judge was not available. They were:
- Nelson Lurton(頁面存檔備份,存於互聯網檔案館) (1938 and 1941)
- Bertrand E Johnson(頁面存檔備份,存於互聯網檔案館) (1943)
上海美國法院專員
編輯- 1918–1920: Nelson Erroll Lurton(頁面存檔備份,存於互聯網檔案館) (1883–1956)
- 1920–1923: Ferno J. Schul (1889-??)
- 1923–1928: Nelson Erroll Lurton (1883-1956)
- 1928–1933: Alexander Krisel (1890–1983)
- 1934-1937: William T. Collins (ex-officio as Clerk of the Court)
- 1937–1941: Nelson Errol Lurton (1883-1956)
著名律師
編輯下列是部分知名的、獲准在上海美國法院執業的律師:
參見
編輯參考資料
編輯- ^ Judge R. H. Thayer Dies of Apoplexy (PDF). New York Times. July 13, 1917 [2018-11-18]. (原始內容 (PDF)存檔於2020-06-24).
參考文獻
編輯- 楊寅,鮮知、遺忘的上海美國法院,《讀書》,2003年8月,p84-89,ISSN 02570270
- Allman, Norwood Francis. Shanghai Lawyer. McGraw Hill. 1943 [2017-07-26]. OCLC 582340713. (原始內容存檔於2015-02-15). (頁面存檔備份,存於互聯網檔案館) (Republished with annotations and Illustrations as: Shanghai Lawyer: The Memoirs of America's China Spy Master, Earnshaw Books, 2017)
- Clark, Douglas. Gunboat Justice: British and American Law Courts in China and Japan (1842-1943). Hong Kong: Earnshaw Books. 2015., Vol. 1: ISBN 978-988-82730-8-9; Vol. 2: ISBN 978-988-82730-9-6; Vol. 3: ISBN 978-988-82731-9-5
- Hinckley, Frank E. Extraterritoriality in China. Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science. 1912, 39: 97–108. JSTOR 1012076.
- Lee, Tahirih V. The United States Court for China: A Triumph of Local Law. Buffalo Law Review (University at Buffalo Law School). 2004, 52 (4): 923–1075. SSRN 958954 .
- Lobingier, Charles Sumner. American Courts in China. Bar Association Publications. 1919.
- Lobingier, Charles Sumner. Extraterritorial Cases, Including the Decisions of the United States Court for China from Its Beginning, Those Reviewing the Same by the Court of Appeals, and the Leading Cases Decided by Other Courts on Questions of Extraterritoriality I. Manila: Bureau of Printing. 1920.
- Lobingier, Charles Sumner. The Decisions of the United States Court for China, 1920-1924, Those Reviewing the Same by the Court of Appeals and Leading Decisions by Other Authorities on Questions of Extraterritoriality II. Manila: Bureau of Printing. 1928.
- Millare, Thomas F. A United States Court on Foreign Soil: Excellent Results Follow Judge Wilfley's Work in the Establishment of American Law and Jurisdiction in Foreign Concession, Shanghai. New York Times. March 22, 1908 [2018-11-18]. (原始內容存檔於2016-03-04).
- Ruskola, Teemu. Law's Empire: The Legal Construction of 'America' in the 'District of China'. Annual Meeting of American Society of Legal History. Washington, DC. November 15, 2003. SSRN 440641 .
- Ruskola, Teemu. Colonialism without Colonies: On the Extraterritorial Jurisprudence of the U.S. Court for China. Law and Contemporary Problems (Duke University School of Law). 2008, 71 (3): 217–242 [2018-11-18]. (原始內容存檔於2019-12-19).
- Scully, Eileen P. Bargaining with the State from Afar: American Citizenship in Treaty Port China, 1842-1942. Columbia University Press. 2001. ISBN 978-0-231-12109-5.
外部連結
編輯立法
編輯偵查
編輯- Charges against Lebbeus R. Wilfley, Judge of the United States Court for China, and Petition for His Removal from Office
- United States Court for China: Hearings before the Committee on Foreign Affairs (HR)
美國國家檔案館檔案
編輯- Correspondence relating to and case files of the US Court for China (M862 Roll 80)(頁面存檔備份,存於互聯網檔案館)
- US Court for China case reports from 1907 (M862 Roll 81)(頁面存檔備份,存於互聯網檔案館)
- Correspondence relating to the US Court for China (M862 Roll 82)(頁面存檔備份,存於互聯網檔案館)
- Consular files relating to charges against Judge Wilfley and other correspondence (M862 Roll 83)(頁面存檔備份,存於互聯網檔案館)
- Consular files relating to charges against Judge Wilfley with numerous newspaper clippings and transcript of R v O』Shea and appointment of Rufus Thayer (M862 Roll 84)(頁面存檔備份,存於互聯網檔案館)
- Consular Files relating to US Court for China (up to p283) (M862 Roll 85)(頁面存檔備份,存於互聯網檔案館)
- General consular correspondence including cases before consular courts in China and prison escape in 1906 (pp213 et seq) (M862 Roll 92)(頁面存檔備份,存於互聯網檔案館)
- Correspondence relating to charges against Wilfley by Lorrin Andrews(頁面存檔備份,存於互聯網檔案館) (up to page 232) (Record Group 59: General Records of the Department of State, 1763 - 2002 Series: Numerical Files, 8/1906 - 1910 File Unit: Numerical File: 4769-4787)