樁菇屬

網褶菌屬
	卷緣樁菇
科學分類
界：	真菌界 Fungi
門：	擔子菌門 Basidiomycota
綱：	傘菌綱 Agaricomycetes
目：	牛肝菌目 Boletales
科：	網褶菌科 Paxillaceae
屬：	網褶菌屬 Paxillus; Fr. (1835)
模式種
	卷緣樁菇 Paxillus involutus; (Batsch) Fr. (1838)
異名
	Ruthea Opat. (1836); Rhymovis Pers. ex Rabenh. (1844); Paxillopsis E.-J.Gilbert (1931); Parapaxillus Singer (1942);

樁菇屬（學名：Paxillus，意為小型的木樁^[2]），是牛肝菌目網褶菌科的一個屬。本屬物種生長在土讓或腐木上，有些物種具有蕈柄，有些則無。有別於典型牛肝菌目物種，網褶菌科的物種具有蕈褶，其中本屬的蕈褶常沿蕈柄向下延伸，且容易與蕈傘分離。蕈傘初長成時邊緣會稍微往內捲曲。孢子印顏色為黃棕色至橄欖黃色，擔孢子表面平滑^[3]。本屬多數物種有毒而不可食用，其中模式種卷緣樁菇過去在中歐、東歐被認為是可食的，後來才發現其毒性足以致命^[2]。

樁菇屬的物種常與樹木形成外菌根（英語：ectomycorrhiza），是最常被用來研究外菌根的模式生物之一，其中又以卷緣樁菇為大宗。卷緣樁菇與絨毛樁菇（英語：Paxillus rubicundulus）的基因組均已被完整定序^[4]。

物種

截至2018年10月，真菌資料庫Index Fungorum共記錄了本屬38種物種^[5]^[6]。

Paxillus albidulus
亞馬遜樁菇 Paxillus amazonicus
Paxillus ammoniavirescens
奧爾樁菇（瑞典語：Paxillus atraetopus） Paxillus atraetopus
Paxillus brunneotomentosus
Paxillus chalybaeus
Paxillus coffeaceus
Paxillus defibulatus
Paxillus fasciculatus
Paxillus fechtneri
絲樁菇 Paxillus filamentosus
Paxillus guttatus
Paxillus gymnopus
Paxillus hortensis
Paxillus ianthinophyllus
卷緣樁菇 Paxillus involutus，卷邊樁菇
Paxillus ionipus
Paxillus leoninus
Paxillus maculatus
Paxillus minutesquamulosus
Paxillus obscurisporus
Paxillus ochraceus
東方樁菇 Paxillus orientalis^[7]
Paxillus pahangensis
Paxillus piperatus
Paxillus polychrous
皺褶樁菇 Paxillus rhytidophyllus
Paxillus robiniae
絨毛樁菇（英語：Paxillus rubicundulus） Paxillus rubicundulus
Paxillus scleropus
Paxillus serbicus
Paxillus squamosus
Paxillus validus
Paxillus velenovskyi
Paxillusvernalis
滇樁菇 Paxillus yunnanensis
Paxillus zerovae

參考資料

^ Paxillus Fr. 1835. MycoBank. International Mycological Association. [201-7-01].
^ ^2.0 ^2.1 Smith AH, Weber NS. The Mushroom Hunter's Field Guide. Ann Arbor, Michigan: University of Michigan Press. 1980: 211. ISBN 978-0-472-85610-7.
^ Alan Bessette, Arleen Rainis Bessette, David William Fischer. Mushrooms of Northeastern North America. Syracuse University Press. 1997: 219 [2018-10-21]. ISBN 0815603886. （原始內容存檔於2021-02-14）.
^ Jargeat P, Chaumeton JP, Navaud O, Vizzini A, Gryta H. The Paxillus involutus (Boletales, Paxillaceae) complex in Europe: Genetic diversity and morphological description of the new species Paxillus cuprinus, typification of P. involutus s.s., and synthesis of species boundaries 118 (1). Fungal Biology: 12-31. 2014. doi:10.1016/j.funbio.2013.10.008.
^ Kirk PM. Species Fungorum (version 26th May 2015). In: Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life. [2015-05-23]. （原始內容存檔於2021-02-14）.
^ 譯名參考：中国生物多样性红色名录—大型真菌卷 (PDF). 中國科學院生態環境部: 288. 2018-05 [2018-10-21]. （原始內容存檔 (PDF)於2018-09-12）.
^ Matteo Gelardi, Alfredo Vizzini, Egon Horak, Enrico Ercole, Samuele Voyron, Gang Wu. Paxillus orientalis sPaxillus nov. (Paxillaceae, Boletales) from south-western China based on morphological and molecular data and proposal of the new subgenus Alnopaxillus 13 (2). Mycological Progress: 333-342. doi:10.1007/s11557-013-0919-1.

[urlMycoBank:_Paxillus-1] Paxillus Fr. 1835. MycoBank. International Mycological Association. [201-7-01].

[Smith1980-2] 2.0 ^2.1 Smith AH, Weber NS. The Mushroom Hunter's Field Guide. Ann Arbor, Michigan: University of Michigan Press. 1980: 211. ISBN 978-0-472-85610-7.

[3] Alan Bessette, Arleen Rainis Bessette, David William Fischer. Mushrooms of Northeastern North America. Syracuse University Press. 1997: 219 [2018-10-21]. ISBN 0815603886. （原始內容存檔於2021-02-14）.

[4] Jargeat P, Chaumeton JP, Navaud O, Vizzini A, Gryta H. The Paxillus involutus (Boletales, Paxillaceae) complex in Europe: Genetic diversity and morphological description of the new species Paxillus cuprinus, typification of P. involutus s.s., and synthesis of species boundaries 118 (1). Fungal Biology: 12-31. 2014. doi:10.1016/j.funbio.2013.10.008.

[Fungorum/CoL-5] Kirk PM. Species Fungorum (version 26th May 2015). In: Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life. [2015-05-23]. （原始內容存檔於2021-02-14）.

[6] 譯名參考：中国生物多样性红色名录—大型真菌卷 (PDF). 中國科學院生態環境部: 288. 2018-05 [2018-10-21]. （原始內容存檔 (PDF)於2018-09-12）.

[7] Matteo Gelardi, Alfredo Vizzini, Egon Horak, Enrico Ercole, Samuele Voyron, Gang Wu. Paxillus orientalis sPaxillus nov. (Paxillaceae, Boletales) from south-western China based on morphological and molecular data and proposal of the new subgenus Alnopaxillus 13 (2). Mycological Progress: 333-342. doi:10.1007/s11557-013-0919-1.

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