歐洲山芥

歐洲山芥
	歐洲山芥
科學分類
界：	植物界 Plantae
演化支：	維管束植物 Tracheophyta
演化支：	被子植物 Angiosperms
演化支：	真雙子葉植物 Eudicots
演化支：	薔薇類植物 Rosids
目：	十字花目 Brassicales
科：	十字花科 Brassicaceae
屬：	山芥屬 Barbarea
種：	歐洲山芥 B. vulgaris
二名法
	Barbarea vulgaris; R. Br.
異名
	Cheiranthus ibericus Willd.; Barbarea ceretana Sennen; Erysimum barbarea L.; Erysimum arcuatu Opiz ex J. Presl & C. Presl;

歐洲山芥（學名：Barbarea vulgaris）為十字花科山芥屬下的一個種。

特徵

歐洲山芥中包含的化學物質有皂素、類黃酮^[1]和芥子油苷。^[2]^[3]

病蟲害抵禦

歐洲山芥可以抵抗大多數十字花科害蟲（例如小菜蛾），其抗性來源自所含的皂素。^[4]^[5]^[6]^[7]芥子油甙則可以吸引一些昆蟲，因此會被種在農田周圍，以免這些昆蟲危害農作物。^[8]

參考文獻

^ Dalby-Brown, Lea; Olsen, Carl Erik; Nielsen, Jens Kvist; Agerbirk, Niels. Polymorphism for Novel Tetraglycosylated Flavonols in an Eco-model Crucifer, Barbarea vulgaris. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 2011, 59 (13): 6947–56. PMID 21615154. doi:10.1021/jf200412c.
^ Agerbirk, Niels; Olsen, Carl Erik. Isoferuloyl derivatives of five seed glucosinolates in the crucifer genus Barbarea. Phytochemistry. 2011, 72 (7): 610–23. PMID 21354584. doi:10.1016/j.phytochem.2011.01.034.
^ Agerbirk, Niels; Ørgaard, Marian; Nielsen, Jens Kvist. Glucosinolates, flea beetle resistance, and leaf pubescence as taxonomic characters in the genus Barbarea (Brassicaceae). Phytochemistry. 2003, 63 (1): 69–80. PMID 12657300. doi:10.1016/S0031-9422(02)00750-1.
^ Kuzina, V.; Ekstrom, C. T.; Andersen, S. B.; Nielsen, J. K.; Olsen, C. E.; Bak, S. Identification of Defense Compounds in Barbarea vulgaris against the Herbivore Phyllotreta nemorum by an Ecometabolomic Approach. Plant Physiology. 2009, 151 (4): 1977–90. PMC 2785962  . PMID 19819983. doi:10.1104/pp.109.136952.
^ Kuzina, Vera; Nielsen, Jens Kvist; Augustin, Jörg Manfred; Torp, Anna Maria; Bak, Søren; Andersen, Sven Bode. Barbarea vulgaris linkage map and quantitative trait loci for saponins, glucosinolates, hairiness and resistance to the herbivore Phyllotreta nemorum. Phytochemistry. 2011, 72 (2–3): 188–98. PMID 21130479. doi:10.1016/j.phytochem.2010.11.007.
^ Nielsen, Nikoline J.; Nielsen, John; Staerk, Dan. New Resistance-Correlated Saponins from the Insect-Resistant CruciferBarbarea vulgaris. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 2010, 58 (9): 5509–14. PMID 20387830. doi:10.1021/jf903988f.
^ Shinoda, Tetsuro; Nagao, Tsuneatsu; Nakayama, Masayoshi; Serizawa, Hiroaki; Koshioka, Masaji; Okabe, Hikaru; Kawai, Akira. Identification of a triterpenoid saponin from a crucifer, Barbarea vulgaris, as a feeding deterrent to the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella. Journal of Chemical Ecology. 2002, 28 (3): 587–99. PMID 11944835. doi:10.1023/A:1014500330510.
^ Shelton, A. M. and B. A. Nault (2004) "Dead-end trap cropping: a technique to improve management of the diamondback moth," Crop Protection 23: 497-503.

擴展閱讀

維基物種上的相關資訊：歐洲山芥

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[1] Dalby-Brown, Lea; Olsen, Carl Erik; Nielsen, Jens Kvist; Agerbirk, Niels. Polymorphism for Novel Tetraglycosylated Flavonols in an Eco-model Crucifer, Barbarea vulgaris. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 2011, 59 (13): 6947–56. PMID 21615154. doi:10.1021/jf200412c.

[2] Agerbirk, Niels; Olsen, Carl Erik. Isoferuloyl derivatives of five seed glucosinolates in the crucifer genus Barbarea. Phytochemistry. 2011, 72 (7): 610–23. PMID 21354584. doi:10.1016/j.phytochem.2011.01.034.

[3] Agerbirk, Niels; Ørgaard, Marian; Nielsen, Jens Kvist. Glucosinolates, flea beetle resistance, and leaf pubescence as taxonomic characters in the genus Barbarea (Brassicaceae). Phytochemistry. 2003, 63 (1): 69–80. PMID 12657300. doi:10.1016/S0031-9422(02)00750-1.

[4] Kuzina, V.; Ekstrom, C. T.; Andersen, S. B.; Nielsen, J. K.; Olsen, C. E.; Bak, S. Identification of Defense Compounds in Barbarea vulgaris against the Herbivore Phyllotreta nemorum by an Ecometabolomic Approach. Plant Physiology. 2009, 151 (4): 1977–90. PMC 2785962  . PMID 19819983. doi:10.1104/pp.109.136952.

[5] Kuzina, Vera; Nielsen, Jens Kvist; Augustin, Jörg Manfred; Torp, Anna Maria; Bak, Søren; Andersen, Sven Bode. Barbarea vulgaris linkage map and quantitative trait loci for saponins, glucosinolates, hairiness and resistance to the herbivore Phyllotreta nemorum. Phytochemistry. 2011, 72 (2–3): 188–98. PMID 21130479. doi:10.1016/j.phytochem.2010.11.007.

[6] Nielsen, Nikoline J.; Nielsen, John; Staerk, Dan. New Resistance-Correlated Saponins from the Insect-Resistant CruciferBarbarea vulgaris. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 2010, 58 (9): 5509–14. PMID 20387830. doi:10.1021/jf903988f.

[7] Shinoda, Tetsuro; Nagao, Tsuneatsu; Nakayama, Masayoshi; Serizawa, Hiroaki; Koshioka, Masaji; Okabe, Hikaru; Kawai, Akira. Identification of a triterpenoid saponin from a crucifer, Barbarea vulgaris, as a feeding deterrent to the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella. Journal of Chemical Ecology. 2002, 28 (3): 587–99. PMID 11944835. doi:10.1023/A:1014500330510.

[8] Shelton, A. M. and B. A. Nault (2004) "Dead-end trap cropping: a technique to improve management of the diamondback moth," Crop Protection 23: 497-503.

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