法團國家主義
法團國家主義(英語:Corporate statism),又稱國家法團主義(State corporatism),是一種政治文化和法團主義形式。其支持者聲稱或認為,社會和國家應以法團為基礎。根據這一原則,國家要求所有公民必須加入幾個官方指定的利益團體之一(通常基於經濟部門劃分),這些團體對其成員擁有極大的控制權。因此,這些利益團體獲得公共地位,它們或其代表至少形式上參與國家政策的制定[1][2]。
參考文獻
編輯- ^ Abrahamian; DeBardeleben; DeSipio; Grindle; Kew and Lewis; Ross. Introduction to Comparative Politics. Boston, MA: Wadsworth Cengage Learning. : 474.
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Badie, Bertrand; Berg-Schlosser, Dirk; Morlino, Leonardo (編). International Encyclopedia of Political Science. SAGE Publications. 7 September 2011 (2011) [9 September 2020]. ISBN 9781483305394.
... fascist Italy ... developed a state structure known as the corporate state with the ruling party acting as a mediator between 'corporations' making up the body of the nation. Similar designs were quite popular elsewhere in the 1930s. The most prominent examples were Estado Novo in Portugal (1932–1968) and Brazil (1937–1945), the Austrian Standestaat (1933–1938), and authoritarian experiments in Estonia, Romania, and some other countries of East and East-Central Europe,