英國東北鐵路
英國東北鐵路公司(North Eastern Railway)曾是英國的一家鐵路公司。它於1845年由數家當時現有的鐵路公司合併而成。隨後1923年,它與其它鐵路公司根據1921年英國鐵路法合併成為倫敦及東北鐵路公司(London and North Eastern Railway)
東北鐵路公司主要的鐵路線路位於英格蘭東北部地區,連接了一些重要城市和鎮,包括紐卡斯爾、達勒姆(Durham)、米德爾斯堡(Middlesbrough)、約克(York)等。該公司的鐵路網絡起初主要用於運輸煤炭和其他工業原料,後來隨着工業和人口的增長,它也開始運營客運服務。
東北鐵路公司在其運營範圍內建設了眾多重要的鐵路設施,包括車站、橋樑和隧道等。它對於該地區的經濟發展和交通連通起到了重要作用。然而,在20世紀初,英國鐵路業進行了重組和國有化,東北鐵路公司於1923年與其他鐵路公司合併,成為了倫敦北東鐵路(London and North Eastern Railway,LNER)的一部分。
東北鐵路公司是英國最早採用電力牽引的幹線鐵路公司之一,較蘭開夏郡和約克郡鐵路公司開通利物浦和紹斯波特之間的第一條電氣化線路還早一個禮拜。
參考
編輯伸延閱讀
編輯- Addyman, J.F. North Eastern Railway Engine Sheds. North Eastern Railway Association. 2020. ISBN 978-1-911360-26-1.
- Addyman, J.F. (編). A History of the Newcastle & Berwick Railway. North Eastern Railway Association. 2011. ISBN 978-1-873513-75-0.
- Addyman, J.F.; Fawcett, B. (編). A History of the Hull & Scarborough Railway. Kestrel. 2013. ISBN 978-1-905505-30-2.
- Addyman, J.F.; Mallon, J.F. (編). The Alnwick & Cornhill Railway. North Eastern Railway Association. 2007. ISBN 978-1-873513-65-1.
- Bell, R. Twenty-five years of the North Eastern Railway, 1898–1922. London: Railway Gazette. 1951.
- Couthard, R.B.; Teasdale, J.G. Lesser Railways Around Darlington. North Eastern Railway Association. 2018. ISBN 978-1-911360-13-1.
- Fawcett, B. A history of North Eastern Railway architecture (three volumes, 2001, 2003, 2005). North Eastern Railway Association. 2001.
- Grafton, P. Sir Vincent Raven and the North Eastern Railway. Usk: Oakwood Press. 2005.
- Hoole, K. An illustrated history of NER locomotives. Sparkford: Oxford Publishing. 1988.
- Hoole, K. The 4-4-0 classes of the North Eastern Railway. London: Ian Allan. 1979.
- Hoole, K. The electric locomotives of the North Eastern Railway. Oxford: Oakwood Press. 1988.
- Hoole, K. The North Eastern electrics. Lingfield: Oakwood Press. 1961.
- Hoole, K. The North-Eastern Atlantics. Hatch End: Roundhouse. 1965.
- Hoole, K. North Road Locomotive Works, Darlington, 1863–1966. Hatch End: Roundhouse. 1967.
- Irving, R.J. The North Eastern Railway Company, 1870–1914: an economic history . Leicester: Leicester University Press. 1976. ISBN 9780718511418.
- MacLean, J.S. The locomotives of the North Eastern Railway, 1841–1922 reprint. Stroud: Amberley Publishing. 2014 [Newcastle: R. Robinson & Co., c. 1923].
- Maynard, P.J. North Yorkshire & Cleveland Railway. North Eastern Railway Association. 2015. ISBN 978-1-873513-98-9.
- Nock, O.S. Locomotives of the North Eastern Railway. London: Ian Allan. 1954.
- Teasdale, J.G. (編). Servicing the North Eastern Railway's Locomotives. North Eastern Railway Association. 2007. ISBN 978-1-873513-62-0.
- Tuplin, W.A. North Eastern Steam. London: Allen & Unwin. 1970.
- Williamson, C.; Williamson, D. Railway Snow Ploughs in the North East. North Eastern Railway Association. 2014. ISBN 978-1-873513-88-0.
- Williamson, C.; Williamson, D.; Grocock, M. A Portrait of the North Eastern Railway. North Eastern Railway Association. 2008. ISBN 978-1-873513-58-3.