市场无政府主义
此条目翻译品质不佳。 (2024年1月22日) |
市场无政府主义，又称自由市场无政府主义[1]、自由市场反资本主义 [2]，是无政府主义的一个分支，主张构建由人民自愿地参与毋须国家强制介入的自由市场经济体系。这是个体主义无政府主义[3]和放任自由社会主义[4]的一种形式，基于盛行于美利坚的互利主义及个体无政府主义所认可的经济学理论 [2]。
自由市场无政府主义提倡无国家的、不受监管的社会和工人协会。
理念
编辑传统上，国家职能（治安、司法与国防）、公共服务和基础设施由国家垄断并提供，人民有义务缴纳税金来获得这些服务，而自由市场无政府主义者主张用自由竞争的市场取替国家对权力的垄断，改由企业提供，人民可以自由选择要购买的服务。自由市场无政府主义者认为在自由市场无政府状态下，不同的竞争者可以提供更便宜的、更高品质的产品与服务。
与无政府资本主义之间的差别
编辑虽然市场无政府主义与无政府资本主义在不少方面上很相似，但是市场无政府主义者及互助主义者认为由于无政府资本主义者主张私有化所有事物（包括治安及国防），而且提倡利润动机和完全竞争等等，因此如果无政府资本主义得到实现，最后市场仍然会被胜出的少量公司主导，故此互相主义鼓励人们互相帮助，并且主张由工人来共同控制企业和把公共服务的管理权交给社区等等来构建真正的自由市场[5]。
参见
编辑参考文献
编辑引用
编辑- ^ Long, Roderick T. Left-Libertarianism, Market Anarchism, Class Conflict and Historical Theories of Distributive Justice. Griffith Law Review. January 1, 2012, 21 (2): 413–431 [2024-01-22]. S2CID 143550988. doi:10.1080/10383441.2012.10854747. （原始内容存档于2021-03-07） –通过Taylor and Francis+NEJM.
- ^ 2.0 2.1 Richman, Sheldon. Libertarian Left: Free-market anti-capitalism, the unknown ideal. The American Conservative. 3 February 2011 [1 February 2023]. ISSN 1540-966X. （原始内容存档于2023-01-01）.
- ^ Chartier, Gary; Johnson, Charles W. (2011). Markets Not Capitalism: Individualist Anarchism Against Bosses, Inequality, Corporate Power, and Structural Poverty. Brooklyn: Minor Compositions/Autonomedia.
- ^ Carson, Kevin. "Socialism: A Perfectly Good Word Rehabilitated" （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）. Center for a Stateless Society. "But there has always been a market-oriented strand of libertarian socialism that emphasizes voluntary cooperation between producers. And markets, properly understood, have always been about cooperation. As a commenter at Reason magazine's Hit&Run blog, remarking on Jesse Walker's link to the Kelly article, put it: "every trade is a cooperative act." In fact, it's a fairly common observation among market anarchists that genuinely free markets have the most legitimate claim to the label "socialism."
- ^ Williams, Paul; Muscato, Christopher. Market Anarchism Definition, Philosophy & Examples. Study.com. 2023-11-21 [2024-06-21] （英语）.
书目
编辑- Carson, Kevin. Anarchism and Markets. Jun, Nathan (编). Brill's Companion to Anarchism and Philosophy. Leiden: Brill. 2017: 81–119 [2024-01-22]. ISBN 978-90-04-35689-4. doi:10.1163/9789004356894_005. （原始内容存档于2021-11-08）.
- Long, Roderick T. Anarchism and Libertarianism. Jun, Nathan (编). Brill's Companion to Anarchism and Philosophy. Leiden: Brill. 2017: 285–317 [2024-01-22]. ISBN 978-90-04-35689-4. doi:10.1163/9789004356894_012. （原始内容存档于2021-11-08）.
- Long, Roderick T. The Anarchist Landscape. Chartier, Gary; Van Schoelandt, Chad (编). The Routledge Handbook of Anarchy and Anarchist Thought. New York: Routledge. 2020: 28–38. ISBN 9781315185255. S2CID 228898569. doi:10.4324/9781315185255-2.
- Vest, J. Martin. Barbarians in the Agora: American Market Anarchism, 1945–2011. Chartier, Gary; Van Schoelandt, Chad (编). The Routledge Handbook of Anarchy and Anarchist Thought. New York: Routledge. 2020: 112–125. ISBN 9781315185255. S2CID 228898569. doi:10.4324/9781315185255-8.
进一步阅读
编辑- Chartier, Gary; Johnson, Charles W. Introduction. Chartier, Gary; Johnson, Charles W. (编). Markets Not Capitalism: Individualist Anarchism Against Bosses, Inequality, Corporate Power, and Structural Poverty. Brooklyn: Autonomedia. 2011: 1–16. ISBN 978-1-57027-242-4.
- Chartier, Gary. Advocates of Freed Markets Should Oppose Capitalism. Chartier, Gary; Johnson, Charles W. (编). Markets Not Capitalism: Individualist Anarchism Against Bosses, Inequality, Corporate Power, and Structural Poverty. Brooklyn: Autonomedia. 2011: 107–117. ISBN 978-1-57027-242-4.
- Chartier, Gary. Socialist Ends, Market Means. Chartier, Gary; Johnson, Charles W. (编). Markets Not Capitalism: Individualist Anarchism Against Bosses, Inequality, Corporate Power, and Structural Poverty. Brooklyn: Autonomedia. 2011: 149–154. ISBN 978-1-57027-242-4.
- Johnson, Charles W. Markets Freed From Capitalism. Chartier, Gary; Johnson, Charles W. (编). Markets Not Capitalism: Individualist Anarchism Against Bosses, Inequality, Corporate Power, and Structural Poverty. Brooklyn: Autonomedia. 2011: 59–81. ISBN 978-1-57027-242-4.
- Spangler, Brad. Market Anarchism as Stigmergic Socialism. Chartier, Gary; Johnson, Charles W. (编). Markets Not Capitalism: Individualist Anarchism Against Bosses, Inequality, Corporate Power, and Structural Poverty. Brooklyn: Autonomedia. 2011: 85–92. ISBN 978-1-57027-242-4.