同紋螺科
同紋螺科（學名：Amastridae），又名島居蝸牛科[1][2] ，按生物分類學屬於體型細小、會呼吸空氣的陸生蝸牛的科，是一種陸生肺螺類腹足綱軟體動物[3]。舊屬槲果螺總科的成員[4]，今隨同槲果螺總科被合併進蛹螺下目的蛹螺總科[5]。
同紋螺科
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科學分類 
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| 界： | 動物界 Animalia |
| 門： | 軟體動物門 Mollusca |
| 綱： | 腹足綱 Gastropoda |
| 目： | 柄眼目 Stylommatophora |
| 亞目： | 旋蝸牛亞目 Helicina |
| 下目： | 蛹螺下目 Pupilloidei |
| 總科： | 槲果螺總科 Cochlicopoidea |
| 科： | 同紋螺科 Amastridae Pilsbry, 1908 |
| 亞科與屬 | |
本科有物種近300種，皆為夏威夷群島的特有種，但當中可能有超過九成均已滅絕[1][6][7][8]。牠們的體長均不超過50毫米[9]。
分類
編輯截至2020年10月23日[update]，WoRMS紀錄本科物種可分為兩個亞科、13個屬，分別如下[3]：
- 島居蝸牛屬 Amastra H. Adams & A. Adams, 1855：異名Carinella L. Pfeiffer, 1875
- Amastra (Amastrella) abavus Hyatt & Pilsbry, 1911
- Amastra (Metamastra) aemulator Hyatt & Pilsbry, 1911
- Amastra affinis (Newcomb, 1854)
- Amastra (Cyclamastra) agglutinans (Newcomb, 1854)
- Amastra (Amastra) albocincta Pilsbry & C.M.Cooke, 1914
- Amastra albolabris Newcomb
- Amastra amboinensis E.A.Smith, 1873
- Amastra amicta E.A.Smith, 1873
- Amastra (Amastrella) anthonii (Newcomb, 1861)
- Amastra (Amastra) assimilis (Newcomb, 1854)
- Amastra (Amastra) aurostoma Baldwin, 1896
- Amastra (Amastra) baldwiniana Hyatt & Pilsbry, 1911
- Amastra (Amastra) biplicata (Newcomb, 1854)
- Amastra (Amastra) borcherdingi Hyatt & Pilsbry, 1911
- Amastra breviata Baldwin, 1895
- Amastra (Amastrella) conica Baldwin, 1906
- Amastra (Amastra) conifera E.A.Smith, 1873
- Amastra cornea Newcomb
- Amastra crassilabrum Newcomb
- Amastra (Cyclamastra) cyclostoma (Baldwin, 1895)
- Amastra (Paramastra) cylindrica (Newcomb, 1854)
- Amastra (Amastrella) decorticata Gulick, 1873
- Amastra (Cyclamastra) delicata C.M.Cooke, 1933
- Amastra durandi Ancey, 1897
- Amastra (Heteramastra) dwightii C.M.Cooke, 1933
- Amastra (Amastra) elegantula Hyatt & Pilsbry, 1911
- Amastra elephantina Cooke, 1917
- Amastra (Amastrella) elliptica Gulick, 1873
- Amastra elongata Newcomb
- Amastra (Amastrella) flavescens (Newcomb, 1854)
- Amastra flemingi Cooke, 1917
- Amastra forbesi Cooke, 1917
- Amastra forbesi Newcomb
- Amastra (Amastrella) fossilis Baldwin, 1903
- Amastra fragosa Cooke, 1917
- Amastra (Heteramastra) fraterna Sykes, 1896
- Amastra frosti Ancey, 1892
- Amastra (Cyclamastra) globosa C.M.Cooke, 1933
- Amastra (Amastra) goniops Pilsbry & C.M.Cooke, 1914
- Amastra gouveii Cooke, 1917
- Amastra (Amastra) grayana (L.Pfeiffer, 1856)
- Amastra (Metamastra) gulickiana A.Hyatt & H.A.Pilsbry, 1911
- Amastra henshawi Baldwin, 1903
- Amastra (Amastra) hitchcocki C.M.Cooke, 1917
- Amastra (Amastra) humilis (Newcomb, 1855)
- Amastra (Heteramastra) hutchinsonii (Pease, 1862)
- Amastra (Heteramastra) implicata C.M.Cooke, 1933
- Amastra (Amastra) inopinata C.M.Cooke, 1933
- Amastra (Amastra) johnsoni Hyatt & Pilsbry, 1911
- Amastra (Cyclamastra) juddii C.M.Cooke, 1917
- Amastra (Amastra) kalamaulensis Pilsbry & C.M.Cooke, 1914
- Amastra (Kauaia) kauaiensis (Newcomb, 1860)
- Amastra (Amastra) kaunakakaiensis Pilsbry & C.M.Cooke, 1914
- Amastra (Armiella) knudsenii (Baldwin, 1895)
- Amastra (Amastra) lahainana Pilsbry & C.M.Cooke, 1914
- Amastra (Amastra) lineolata (Newcomb, 1853)
- Amastra longa Sykes, 1896
- Amastra luctuosa (Pfeiffer, 1855)
- Amastra luteola (Férussac, 1825)
- Amastra magna (C.B.Adams, 1851)
- Amastra (Amastra) makawaoensis Hyatt & Pilsbry, 1911
- Amastra (Amastra) malleata E.A.Smith, 1873
- Amastra (Paramastra) micans (L.Pfeiffer, 1859)
- Amastra (Amastra) mirabilis Cooke, 1917
- Amastra modicella Cooke, 1917
- Amastra (Metamastra) montagui Pilsbry, 1913
- Amastra (Amastra) montana Baldwin, 1906
- Amastra montivaga Cooke, 1917
- Amastra (Amastra) mucronata (Newcomb, 1853)
- Amastra (Heteramastra) nannodes C.M.Cooke, 1933
- Amastra nigrolabris E.A.Smith, 1873
- Amastra (Amastra) nubilosa (Mighels, 1845)
- Amastra (Amastrella) nucleola (A.Gould, 1845)
- Amastra (Amastra) nucula E.A.Smith, 1873
- Amastra (Cyclamastra) obesa (Newcomb, 1853)
- Amastra (Metamastra) oswaldi C.M.Cooke, 1933
- Amastra (Amastrella) ovatula C.M.Cooke, 1933
- Amastra pagodula Cooke, 1917
- Amastra paulula Cooke, 1917
- Amastra peasei E.A.Smith, 1873
- Amastra pellucida Newcomb
- Amastra (Heteramastra) pilsbryi C.M.Cooke, 1913
- Amastra porcus Newcomb
- Amastra praeopima Cooke, 1917
- Amastra (Cyclamastra) problematica C.M.Cooke, 1933
- Amastra remota Cooke, 1917
- Amastra (Metamastra) reticulata (Newcomb, 1854)
- Amastra (Amastrella) rubens (A.Gould, 1845)
- Amastra (Amastrella) rubida Gulick, 1873
- Amastra (Amastra) rubristoma Baldwin, 1906
- Amastra (Amastrella) rugulosa Pease, 1870
- Amastra saxicola Baldwin, 1903
- Amastra (Amastra) seminuda Baldwin, 1906
- Amastra (Amastrella) senilis Baldwin, 1903
- Amastra sericea (Pfeiffer, 1859)
- Amastra spec Cooke, 1917
- Amastra (Cyclamastra) sphaerica Pease, 1870
- Amastra spicula Cooke, 1917
- Amastra spirizona (Ferussac, 1911)
- Amastra (Paramastra) spirizona (Quoy & Gaimard, 1825)
- Amastra (Metamastra) subrostrata (L.Pfeiffer, 1859)
- Amastra (Heteramastra) subsoror Hyatt & Pilsbry, 1911
- Amastra subsoror Newcomb
- Amastra (Amastrella) tenuilabris Gulick, 1873
- Amastra tenuispira Newcomb
- Amastra (Metamastra) textilis (Quoy & Gaimard, 1825)
- Amastra thurstoni Cooke, 1917
- Amastra (Amastrella) tristis (Quoy & Gaimard, 1825)
- Amastra (Paramastra) turritella (A.Férussac, 1824)
- Amastra (Cyclamastra) umbilicata (L.Pfeiffer, 1856)
- Amastra (Amastra) uniplicata (Hartman, 1888)
- Amastra villosa Sykes, 1896
- Amastra viriosa Cooke, 1917
- Amastra whitei Cooke, 1917
- Carelia H. Adams & A. Adams, 1855
- Laminella L. Pfeiffer, 1854
- Planamastra Hyatt & Pilsbry, 1911
- Tropidoptera Ancey, 1889：異名計有Helicamastra Pilsbry & Vanatta, 1905及Pterodiscus Pilsbry, 1893
亞科 Leptachatininae Cockerell, 1913
編輯- Armsia Hyatt & Pilsbry, 1911[10]
- Armsia petasus (Ancey, 1899)
- Leptachatina A. A. Gould, 1847
- Pauahia C. M. Cooke, 1910
亞科未定
編輯- Cyclamastra Pilsbry & Vanatta, 1905，為島居蝸牛屬（Amastra H.Adams & A.Adams, 1855）的異名
- Kauaia Sykes, 1900，為島居蝸牛屬（Amastra H.Adams & A.Adams, 1855）的異名
參考文獻
編輯- ^ 1.0 1.1 世界上有哪些很稀有的动物？. 知乎. [2020-07-27] （中文（簡體））.
- ^ Pilsbry, H. A. (1908). Manual of conchology, structural and systematic, with illustrations of the species. Ser. 2, Pulmonata. Vol. 20: Caecilioides, Glessula and Partulidae. pp i-viii, 1-326, pls 1-43. Philadelphia, published by the Conchological Department, Academy of Natural Sciences. [pp. 1-64, pls 1-10, 19 Nov. 1908; pp. 65-154, pls 11-21, 18 May 1909; pp. 155-314, pls 22-36, 29 Sept. 1909; pp. i-viii, 315-326, pls 37-43, 23 March 1910]. Manual of Conchology, 20 (1): 9–13. Philadelphia. https://www.molluscabase.org/aphia.php?p=sourcedetails&id=240323
- ^ 3.0 3.1 Ruud B. Bieler R, Bouchet P, Gofas S, Marshall B, Rosenberg G, La Perna R, Neubauer TA, Sartori AF, Schneider S, Vos C, ter Poorten JJ, Taylor J, Dijkstra H, Finn J, Bank R, Neubert E, Moretzsohn F, Faber M, Houart R, Picton B, Garcia-Alvarez O , 編. Amastridae Pilsbry, 1910. MolluscaBase. 2017-06-13 [2020-10-23] –透過WoRMS.
- ^ Bouchet, P.; Rocroi, J.-P.; Frýda, J.; Hausdorf, B.; Ponder, W.; Valdés, Á. & Warén, A. Classification and nomenclator of gastropod families. Malacologia (Hackenheim, Germany: ConchBooks). 2005, 47 (1–2): 1–397. ISBN 3-925919-72-4. OCLC 61351079. OL 42989175M. S2CID 83847814.
- ^ Bouchet, P.; Rocroi, J.-P.; Hausdorf, B.; Kaim, A.; Kano, Y.; Nützel, A.; Parkhaev, P.; Schrödl, M.; Strong, E.E. Revised Classification, Nomenclator and Typification of Gastropod and Monoplacophoran Families. Malacologia. 2017, 61 (1–2): 1–526. OCLC 7296100651. S2CID 91051256. doi:10.4002/040.061.0201.
- ^ Lydeard, Charles; Cowie, Robert H.; Ponder, Winston F.; Bogan, Arthur E.; Bouchet, Philippe; Clark, Stephanie A.; Cummings, Kevin S.; Frest, Terrence J.; Gargominy, Olivier; Herbert, Dai G.; Hershler, Robert; Perez, Kathryn E.; Roth, Barry; Seddon, Mary; Strong, Ellen E.; Thompson, Fred G. The Global Decline of Nonmarine Mollusks (PDF). BioScience. 2004-04, 54 (4): 321–330 [2020-07-27]. （原始內容 (PDF)存檔於2013-06-06） （英語）.
- ^ Solem, Alan. How many Hawaiian Land Snail species are left? and What We Can Do for Them. (PDF). Bishop Museum Occasional Papers (Honolulu（美國夏威夷州）). 1990, (30): 27–40 [2020-07-28]. （原始內容存檔 (PDF)於2020-07-11） （英語）.
- ^ van Dooren, Thom. The last snail: conservation and extinction in Hawai’i. 2013-02-28 [2020-07-27] （英語）.
- ^ Schileyko, Anatolij A. Treatise Recent terrestrial pulmonate molluscs, Part 1. Achatinellidae, Amastridae, Orculidae, Strobilopsidae, Spelaeodiscidae, Valloniidae, Cochlicopidae, Pupillidae, Chondrinidae, Pyramidulidae. Ruthenica Supplement (Moscow（俄羅斯）). 1998, 2 (1): 1－127. ISSN 0136-0027 （英語）.
- ^ Hyatt, A., & Pilsbry, H. A. (1910). Manual of conchology, structural and systematic, with illustrations of the species. Ser. 2, Pulmonata. Vol. 21: Achatinellidae (Amastrinae). pp i-xxii, 1-387, pls 1-56. Philadelphia, published by the Conchological Department, Academy of Natural Sciences. [pp. 1-64, pls 1-9, 30 July 1910; pp. 65-128, pls 10-23, 14 March 1911; pp. 129-240, pls 24-36, 23 August 1911; pp. i-xxii, 241-387, pls 37-56, 19 December 1911]. https://www.molluscabase.org/aphia.php?p=sourcedetails&id=386402
