麴黴病(aspergillosis)是由麴黴屬引起的人獸共患病,屬於常出現在肺部的真菌病[1],且易發生於免疫受損者,如:哮喘囊腫性纖維化結核病骨髓移植器官移植病患[2][3][4],以及那些由於服用皮質類固醇和某些癌症治療藥物而無法抵禦感染的人[1][5]。人類、鳥類和其他動物都會感染麴黴病,多見於雛禽,主要侵染肺部,造成發炎和結節,也可繼發於肺膿腫或其他空洞形成性肺病。

麴黴病可分為急性、亞急性和慢性,或分為侵襲性、非侵襲性。麴黴可感染皮膚、黏膜、肺、腦、眼、耳等全身各部位,但以肺和鼻竇最為常見。免疫功能正常者,以非侵襲性麴黴病(noninvasive aspergillosis)為主,且可成為致敏原引起變應性疾病,或寄生後形成慢性肉芽腫病。免疫功能低下者,以侵襲性麴黴病(invasive aspergillosis)為主,可呈現急性或亞急性侵襲性病變[6],病死率高[7]

麴黴病最常見的病原體是煙麴黴黃麴霉。總體而言,每年全球約60萬人會因麴黴病而死亡[8][9][10][11]

參考文獻

編輯
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  2. ^ ICD-11 - ICD-11 for Mortality and Morbidity Statistics. World Health Organization. [29 May 2021]. (原始內容存檔於2018-08-01). 
  3. ^ Aspergillosis | About. www.cdc.gov. 10 May 2021 [1 June 2021]. (原始內容存檔於2021-06-27) (美國英語). 
  4. ^ Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis | Aspergillus & Aspergillosis Website. The Aspergillus Website. [28 June 2019]. (原始內容存檔於2020-07-26). 
  5. ^ Kutzner H, Kempf W, Feit J, Sangueza O. https://books.google.com/books?id=M30REAAAQBAJ&pg=PA77 |chapterurl=缺少標題 (幫助). 2. Fungal infections. Hoboken: Wiley Blackwell. 2021: 103-104 [2023-07-26]. ISBN 978-1-119-64706-5. (原始內容存檔於2023-01-10) (英語). 
  6. ^ Dagenais TR, Keller NP. Pathogenesis of Aspergillus fumigatus in Invasive Aspergillosis. Clinical Microbiology Reviews. July 2009, 22 (3): 447–465. PMC 2708386 . PMID 19597008. doi:10.1128/CMR.00055-08. 
  7. ^ Thompson, George R.; Young, Jo-Anne H. Aspergillus Infections. New England Journal of Medicine. 14 October 2021, 385 (16): 1496–1509. PMID 34644473. doi:10.1056/NEJMra2027424. 
  8. ^ Guinea J, Torres-Narbona M, Gijón P, Muñoz P, Pozo F, Peláez T, et al. Pulmonary aspergillosis in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: incidence, risk factors, and outcome. Clinical Microbiology and Infection. July 2010, 16 (7): 870–877. PMID 19906275. doi:10.1111/j.1469-0691.2009.03015.x . 
  9. ^ Chen J, Yang Q, Huang J, Li L. Risk factors for invasive pulmonary aspergillosis and hospital mortality in acute-on-chronic liver failure patients: a retrospective-cohort study. International Journal of Medical Sciences. September 2013, 10 (12): 1625–1631. PMC 3804788 . PMID 24151434. doi:10.7150/ijms.6824. 
  10. ^ Garcia-Vidal C, Upton A, Kirby KA, Marr KA. Epidemiology of invasive mold infections in allogeneic stem cell transplant recipients: biological risk factors for infection according to time after transplantation. Clinical Infectious Diseases. October 2008, 47 (8): 1041–1050. PMC 2668264 . PMID 18781877. doi:10.1086/591969. 
  11. ^ Nam HS, Jeon K, Um SW, Suh GY, Chung MP, Kim H, et al. Clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of chronic necrotizing pulmonary aspergillosis: a review of 43 cases. International Journal of Infectious Diseases. June 2010, 14 (6): e479–e482. PMID 19910234. doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2009.07.011 .