瘤顎家蟻屬

瘤顎家蟻屬
	Strumigenys abdera 的工蟻
科學分類
界：	動物界 Animalia
門：	節肢動物門 Arthropoda
綱：	昆蟲綱 Insecta
目：	膜翅目 Hymenoptera
科：	蟻科 Formicidae
亞科：	家蟻亞科 Myrmicinae
族：	切葉蟻族 Attini
屬：	瘤顎家蟻屬 Strumigenys; F. Smith, 1860
模式種
	Strumigenys mandibularis; F. Smith, 1860
多樣性
	853 種
異名
	List of synonyms Asketogenys Brown, 1972; Borgmeierita Brown, 1953; Cephaloxys Smith, F., 1865; Chelystruma Brown, 1950; Cladarogenys Brown, 1976; Codiomyrmex Wheeler, W.M., 1916; Codioxenus Santschi, 1931; Dorisidris Brown, 1948; Dysedrognathus Taylor, 1968; Eneria Donisthorpe, 1948; Epitritus Emery, 1869; Glamyromyrmex Wheeler, W.M., 1915; Gymnomyrmex Borgmeier, 1954; Kyidris Brown, 1949; Labidogenys Roger, 1862; Miccostruma Brown, 1948; Neostruma Brown, 1948; Pentastruma Forel, 1912; Platystruma Brown, 1953; Polyhomoa Azuma, 1950; Proscopomyrmex Patrizi, 1946; Pyramica Roger, 1862; Quadristruma Brown, 1949; Serrastruma Brown, 1948; Smithistruma Brown, 1948; Tingimyrmex Mann, 1926; Trichoscapa Emery, 1869; Weberistruma Brown, 1948; Wessonistruma Brown, 1948 ;

瘤顎家蟻屬 （Strumigenys）為家蟻亞科。共 849 個現生物種，4 個化石物種^[2]。大多數物種具有觸發式大顎 (trap-jaw)。

習性

瘤顎家蟻於土中、石下、木下、糞便下築巢，群體小。

S. xenos 行社會寄生，沒有工蟻階級，寄生在 S. perplexa 的巢內。

瘤顎家蟻捕食彈尾目和其他身體柔軟的節肢動物^[3]。

分布

瘤顎家蟻分布於全球的熱帶和亞熱帶。澳洲有 18 種^[4]。

有些物種隨著人類活動入侵到世界各地。Strumigenys membranifera 原生於舊世界，現已散布到世界多處，在西班牙南部的都市公園很常見，美國南部的 12 個州也有紀錄^[5]。Strumigenys membranifera 可以棲息在多種棲地中，如密林、農田、都市中的草皮和花園等^[5]。

下屬物種

本屬包括以下物種：

Strumigenys abdera Fisher
Strumigenys actis Fisher
Strumigenys admixta Fisher
Strumigenys adrasora Bolton, 1983
Strumigenys adsita Fisher
Strumigenys aenigma Bolton, 2000
Strumigenys agetos Fisher
Strumigenys agra Fisher
Strumigenys alapa Fisher
Strumigenys alperti Fisher
Strumigenys ambatrix
Strumigenys ambvky
Strumigenys ampyx Fisher
Strumigenys ananeotes Longino & Booher, 2019
Strumigenys anetes Brown, 1988
Strumigenys anorak Sarnat, Garcia, Dudley, Liu, Fischer & Economo, 2019
Strumigenys antaeus Mann, 1919
Strumigenys antarctica Forel, 1892
Strumigenys anthocera Lattke & Goitia, 1997
Strumigenys apios Fisher
Strumigenys arnoldi Forel, 1913
Strumigenys artemis Sarnat, Garcia, Dudley, Liu, Fischer & Economo, 2019
Strumigenys auctidens (Bolton, 2000)
Strumigenys avatar Sarnat, Garcia, Dudley, Liu, Fischer & Economo, 2019
Strumigenys ayersthey Booher & Hoenle, 2021
Strumigenys azteca
Strumigenys balux Fisher
Strumigenys bathron Fisher
Strumigenys bernardi Brown, 1960
Strumigenys bibiolona Fisher
Strumigenys biconvexa
Strumigenys biolleyi Forel, 1908
Strumigenys biroi Emery, 1897
Strumigenys bitheria Bolton, 1983
Strumigenys bola Fisher
Strumigenys boneti Brown, 1959
Strumigenys borgmeieri Brown, 1954
Strumigenys brevicornis
Strumigenys brevisetosa Smith, 1935
Strumigenys bryanti Wheeler, 1919
Strumigenys buleru Brown, 1988
Strumigenys cabira Fisher
Strumigenys cacaoensis Bolton, 1971
Strumigenys caiman Booher, Prebus & Lubertazzi, 2019
Strumigenys calypso
Strumigenys carinithorax Borgmeier, 1934
Strumigenys carisa Fisher
Strumigenys carolinae Fisher
Strumigenys cassicuspis
Strumigenys chapmani Brown, 1954
Strumigenys chareta Bolton, 2000
Strumigenys charino Fisher
Strumigenys chernovi Dlussky, 1993
Strumigenys chilo Fisher
Strumigenys chroa Fisher
Strumigenys chuchihensis Lin & Wu, 2001
Strumigenys chyzeri Emery, 1897
Strumigenys cochlearis Brown, 1988
Strumigenys collinsae Booher, 2021
Strumigenys consanii Brown, 1954
Strumigenys cordovensis Mayr, 1887
Strumigenys cosmostela Kempf, 1975
Strumigenys coveri Fisher
Strumigenys covina Fisher
Strumigenys cultrigera Mayr, 1887
Strumigenys datryx Bolton, 2000
Strumigenys decollata Mann, 1919
Strumigenys deinomastax (Bolton, 2000)
Strumigenys deltisquama Brown, 1957
Strumigenys denticulata Mayr, 1887
Strumigenys deverra Fisher
Strumigenys dexis Fisher
Strumigenys dextra Brown, 1954
Strumigenys diabola Bolton, 2000
Strumigenys diaptyxis
Strumigenys dicomas Fisher, 2000
Strumigenys diota Fisher
Strumigenys disarmata Brown, 1971
Strumigenys diux Fisher
Strumigenys dohertyi Emery, 1897
Strumigenys dolabra Fisher
Strumigenys dolichognatha Weber, 1934
Strumigenys dora Fisher
Strumigenys doriae Emery, 1887
Strumigenys doxa Fisher
Strumigenys dromoshaula Bolton, 1983
Strumigenys dyak Brown, 1959
Strumigenys dyschima (Bolton, 2000) Bolton, 2000
Strumigenys dyseides Bolton, 2000
Strumigenys dyshaula Bolton, 1983
Strumigenys ebbae Forel, 1905
Strumigenys ecliptacoca Brown, 1958
Strumigenys economoi Booher, Prebus & Lubertazzi, 2019
Strumigenys ection Fisher
Strumigenys edaragona Bolton, 2000
Strumigenys elongata Roger, 1863
Strumigenys emdeni Forel, 1915
Strumigenys emeryi Mann, 1922
Strumigenys enopla (Bolton, 2000)
Strumigenys epelys Bolton
Strumigenys epinotalis Weber, 1934
Strumigenys epulo Fisher
Strumigenys erynnes
Strumigenys escherichi
Strumigenys esrossi Brown, 1957
Strumigenys ettillax Bolton, 1983
Strumigenys europs Fisher
Strumigenys excisa
Strumigenys exilirhina Bolton, 2000
Strumigenys fairchildi Brown, 1961
Strumigenys fanano Fisher
Strumigenys faurei Arnold, 1948
Strumigenys fautrix
Strumigenys feae Emery, 1895
Strumigenys ferocior Brown, 1973
Strumigenys finator Fisher
Strumigenys flavianae ^[6]
Strumigenys forficata Brown, 1959
Strumigenys formosensis Forel, 1912
Strumigenys friedae Forel, 1915
Strumigenys frivaldszkyi Emery, 1897
Strumigenys fronto Fisher
Strumigenys gerardi
Strumigenys glanduscula Sant.
Strumigenys glenognatha (Bolton, 2000)
Strumigenys glycon Fisher
Strumigenys godeffroyi Mayr, 1866
Strumigenys godmani Forel, 1899
Strumigenys gorgon Fisher
Strumigenys grandidieri Forel, 1892
Strumigenys gundlachi
Strumigenys gunter Sarnat, Garcia, Dudley, Liu, Fischer & Economo, 2019
Strumigenys guttulata Forel, 1902
Strumigenys hadrodens (Bolton, 2000)
Strumigenys hastyla Bolton, 1983
Strumigenys havilandi Forel, 1905
Strumigenys heliani Fisher
Strumigenys helytruga Bolton, 1983
Strumigenys hemichlaena Brown, 1971
Strumigenys hemidisca Brown, 1953
Strumigenys hilaris Fisher
Strumigenys hindenburgi Forel, 1915
Strumigenys hirsuta Tang, Pierce & Guénard, 2019
Strumigenys hispida Lin & Wu, 1996
Strumigenys hoplites Brown, 1973
Strumigenys horvathi Emery, 1897
Strumigenys hubbewatyorum Booher, Prebus & Lubertazzi, 2019
Strumigenys humata Lattke & Goitia, 1997
Strumigenys inatos Fisher
Strumigenys indigatrix Wheeler, 1919
Strumigenys insolita Bolton
Strumigenys insula (Bolton, 2000)
Strumigenys interfectiva Lattke & Goitia, 1997
Strumigenys ipsea Fisher
Strumigenys irrorata Santschi, 1913
Strumigenys jepsoni Mann, 1921
Strumigenys juliae Forel, 1905
Strumigenys katapelta Bolton, 1983
Strumigenys khakaura
Strumigenys kinomurai Terayama, 2020
Strumigenys koningsbergeri Forel, 1905
Strumigenys konteiensis Lin & Wu, 2001
Strumigenys korahyla Bolton, 1983
Strumigenys kraepelini Forel, 1905
Strumigenys kumadori
Strumigenys labaris Fisher
Strumigenys lacacoca Brown, 1959
Strumigenys lacunosa Lin & Wu, 1996
Strumigenys lalassa
Strumigenys lamia Bolton, 2000
Strumigenys langrandi Fisher
Strumigenys lantaui Tang, Pierce & Guénard, 2019
Strumigenys lanuginosa Wheeler, 1905
Strumigenys levana Fisher
Strumigenys lewisi Cameron, 1886
Strumigenys lexex Fisher
Strumigenys lichaensis Lin & Wu, 1996
Strumigenys lichiaensis
Strumigenys liukueiensis Terayama & Kubota, 1989
Strumigenys livens
Strumigenys lojanensis Lattke & Aguirre, 2015
Strumigenys londianensis (Patrizi, 1946)
Strumigenys longispinosa Brown, 1958
Strumigenys lopotyle Brown, 1969
Strumigenys loriae Emery, 1897
Strumigenys louisianae Roger, 1863
Strumigenys luca Fisher
Strumigenys lucky Booher, 2021
Strumigenys lucomo Fisher
Strumigenys ludia Mann, 1922
Strumigenys lura Fisher
Strumigenys lutron Fisher
Strumigenys lyroessa (Roger, 1862)
Strumigenys lysis Fisher
Strumigenys macgowni Booher, 2021
Strumigenys mailei Wilson & Taylor, 1967
Strumigenys mandibularis Smith, 1860
Strumigenys manga Fisher
Strumigenys margarita
Strumigenys marginiventris Santschi, 1931
Strumigenys marleyi Arnold, 1914
Strumigenys maxillaris Baroni Urbani, 2007
Strumigenys maynei
Strumigenys mayri Emery, 1897
Strumigenys mendezi Booher, 2021
Strumigenys mesahyla Bolton, 1983
Strumigenys micrans Fisher
Strumigenys micretes Brown, 1959
Strumigenys microthrix
Strumigenys milae Fisher
Strumigenys minutula Terayama & Kubota, 1989
Strumigenys mionova Bolton, 2000
Strumigenys mitis (Brown, 2000) Brown, 2000
Strumigenys mixta Brown, 1953
Strumigenys mjoebergi Brown, 1959
Strumigenys moczaryi Emery, 1897
Strumigenys mokensis Forel, 1905
Strumigenys mola Fisher
Strumigenys moreauviae Booher, 2021
Strumigenys mumfordi Wheeler, 1932
Strumigenys murshila Bolton, 1983
Strumigenys myllorhapha
Strumigenys nambao Fisher
Strumigenys nanzanensis
Strumigenys nanzanesis Lin & Wu, 1996
Strumigenys nathistorisoc Tang, Pierce & Guénard, 2019
Strumigenys nevermanni Brown, 1959
Strumigenys nidifex Mann, 1921
Strumigenys nigra Brown, 1971
Strumigenys nigrescens
Strumigenys nimbrata Bolton, 1983
Strumigenys norax Fisher
Strumigenys oasis Sarnat, Garcia, Dudley, Liu, Fischer & Economo, 2019
Strumigenys odacon Fisher
Strumigenys ogloblini Santschi, 1936
Strumigenys olsoni
Strumigenys omalyx Bolton, 1983
Strumigenys opaca Brown, 1954
Strumigenys orchudensis Lin & Wu, 2001
Strumigenys origo Fisher
Strumigenys pallestes Bolton, 1971
Strumigenys paniaguae
Strumigenys panopla Bolton, 2000
Strumigenys paradoxa
Strumigenys paranax Bolton, 1983
Strumigenys paranetes Brown, 1988
Strumigenys pariensis Lattke & Goitia, 1997
Strumigenys parzival Sarnat, Garcia, Dudley, Liu, Fischer & Economo, 2019
Strumigenys perdita
Strumigenys pergandei Emery, 1895
Strumigenys perparva Brown, 1958
Strumigenys perplexa (Smith, 1876)
Strumigenys petiolata Bernard, 1953
Strumigenys peyrierasi Fisher
Strumigenys philiporum Brown, 1988
Strumigenys phytibia Brown, 1957
Strumigenys pilosula de Andrade, 2007
Strumigenys planeti Brown, 1953
Strumigenys poinari Baroni Urbani & de Andrade, 2007
Strumigenys precava Brown, 1954
Strumigenys pretoriae Arnold, 1949
Strumigenys princeps Kempf & Brown, 1969
Strumigenys probatrix
Strumigenys producta Brown, 1953
Strumigenys prospiciens Emery, 1906
Strumigenys pulchella Emery, 1895
Strumigenys quinquedentata Crawley, 1923
Strumigenys rabesoni Fisher
Strumigenys rallarhina Bolton, 2000
Strumigenys ravola Fisher
Strumigenys raymondi Donisthorpe
Strumigenys rectidens Brown, 1966
Strumigenys rehi Forel, 1907
Strumigenys relahyla Bolton, 1983
Strumigenys rogata
Strumigenys rogeri Emery, 1890
Strumigenys rotogenys Bolton, 2000
Strumigenys rubigus Fisher
Strumigenys rufobrunea Santschi, 1914
Strumigenys rukha Bolton, 1983
Strumigenys saliens Mayr, 1887
Strumigenys sanctipauli Kempf, 1958
Strumigenys sarissa Bolton, 1983
Strumigenys sauteri (Forel, 1912)
Strumigenys scelesta Mann, 1921
Strumigenys schmalzi Emery, 1906
Strumigenys schuetzi Fisher
Strumigenys schulzi Emery, 1894
Strumigenys scotti Forel, 1912
Strumigenys serket
Strumigenys seti
Strumigenys shaula Bolton, 1983
Strumigenys signeae Forel, 1905
Strumigenys silvestrii Emery, 1906
Strumigenys simoni
Strumigenys sisyrata Brown, 1968
Strumigenys smithii Forel, 1886
Strumigenys smythiesii Forel, 1902
Strumigenys solifontis Brown, 1949
Strumigenys spathoda Bolton, 1983
Strumigenys spathula Lattke & Goitia, 1997
Strumigenys spec Forel, 1913
Strumigenys sphera Fisher
Strumigenys stauroma
Strumigenys stemonixys Brown, 1971
Strumigenys stygia Santschi, 1913
Strumigenys sublaminata Brown, 1959
Strumigenys sublonga Brown, 1958
Strumigenys subterranea Brassard, Leong & Guénard, 2020
Strumigenys subtilis Booher, 2021
Strumigenys superstes Booher & Uhey, 2020
Strumigenys sydorata Bolton, 2000
Strumigenys sylvaini Fisher
Strumigenys szalayi Emery, 1897
Strumigenys tachirensis Lattke & Goitia, 1997
Strumigenys takasago (Terayama, Lin & Wu, 1995)
Strumigenys tegar Fisher
Strumigenys tetraphanes Brown, 1954
Strumigenys thomae Kempf, 1976
Strumigenys tigris Brown, 1971
Strumigenys timicala
Strumigenys tisiphone Bolton, 2000
Strumigenys tococae Wheeler & Bequaert, 1929
Strumigenys toma Fisher
Strumigenys totyla Bolton, 1983
Strumigenys trada Lin & Wu, 1996
Strumigenys traegaordhi Santschi, 1913
Strumigenys trieces
Strumigenys trinidadensis Wheeler, 1922
Strumigenys trudifera Kempf & Brown, 1969
Strumigenys uelensis
Strumigenys uichancoi Brown, 1957
Strumigenys ulcerosa Brown, 1954
Strumigenys usbensis Lattke & Goitia, 1997
Strumigenys vazerka Bolton, 1983
Strumigenys vazimba Fisher
Strumigenys victrix
Strumigenys waiwai (Sosa-Calvo, Schultz & LaPolla, 2010)
Strumigenys wallacei Emery, 1897
Strumigenys wardi Fisher
Strumigenys wheeleri Mann, 1921
Strumigenys wilsoni Brown, 1969
Strumigenys xenohyla Bolton, 1983
Strumigenys xenos Brown, 1955
Strumigenys yaleopleura Brown, 1988
Strumigenys yasumatsui Brown, 1971
Strumigenys zakharovi Dlussky, 1993
Strumigenys zandala Bolton, 1983
Strumigenys zemi Booher, Prebus & Lubertazzi, 2019

歸入本屬的物種：

Epitritus clypeatus Emery, 1869
Epitritus mandibularis Emery, 1869
Epitritus marginatus Emery, 1869
Pentastruma sauteri Forel, 1912

參考文獻

^ Bolton, B. Strumigenys. AntCat. 2014 [23 July 2014].
^ Barry Bolton. AntCat. [2020-06-15]. （原始內容存檔於2020-06-08）.
^ Wilson EO. The ecology of some North American dacetine ants. Annals of the Entomological Society of America. 1953, 46: 479-495.
^ Australian Ants Online: Genus Strumigenys （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）
^ ^5.0 ^5.1 Wetterer JK. Worldwide spread of the membraniferous dacetine ant, Strumigenys membranifera (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) (PDF). Myrmecological News. 2011, 14: 129-135.
^ Chaul, J.C.M. A New Ant Species of Strumigenys Smith, 1860 (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. Taxonomy 2023, 3, 221-231. https://doi.org/10.3390/taxonomy3020016

外部連結

維基物種上的相關資訊：Strumigenys
維基共享資源上的相關多媒體資源：Strumigenys

[AntCat-1] Bolton, B. Strumigenys. AntCat. 2014 [23 July 2014].

[2] Barry Bolton. AntCat. [2020-06-15]. （原始內容存檔於2020-06-08）.

[3] Wilson EO. The ecology of some North American dacetine ants. Annals of the Entomological Society of America. 1953, 46: 479-495.

[aao-4] Australian Ants Online: Genus Strumigenys （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）

[:0-5] 5.0 ^5.1 Wetterer JK. Worldwide spread of the membraniferous dacetine ant, Strumigenys membranifera (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) (PDF). Myrmecological News. 2011, 14: 129-135.

[6] Chaul, J.C.M. A New Ant Species of Strumigenys Smith, 1860 (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. Taxonomy 2023, 3, 221-231. https://doi.org/10.3390/taxonomy3020016

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瘤顎家蟻屬

Strumigenys abdera 的工蟻
科學分類
界：	動物界 Animalia
門：	節肢動物門 Arthropoda
綱：	昆蟲綱 Insecta
目：	膜翅目 Hymenoptera
科：	蟻科 Formicidae
亞科：	家蟻亞科 Myrmicinae
族：	切葉蟻族 Attini
屬：	瘤顎家蟻屬 Strumigenys F. Smith, 1860
模式種
Strumigenys mandibularis F. Smith, 1860
多樣性^[1]
853 種
異名
List of synonyms Asketogenys Brown, 1972 Borgmeierita Brown, 1953 Cephaloxys Smith, F., 1865 Chelystruma Brown, 1950 Cladarogenys Brown, 1976 Codiomyrmex Wheeler, W.M., 1916 Codioxenus Santschi, 1931 Dorisidris Brown, 1948 Dysedrognathus Taylor, 1968 Eneria Donisthorpe, 1948 Epitritus Emery, 1869 Glamyromyrmex Wheeler, W.M., 1915 Gymnomyrmex Borgmeier, 1954 Kyidris Brown, 1949 Labidogenys Roger, 1862 Miccostruma Brown, 1948 Neostruma Brown, 1948 Pentastruma Forel, 1912 Platystruma Brown, 1953 Polyhomoa Azuma, 1950 Proscopomyrmex Patrizi, 1946 Pyramica Roger, 1862 Quadristruma Brown, 1949 Serrastruma Brown, 1948 Smithistruma Brown, 1948 Tingimyrmex Mann, 1926 Trichoscapa Emery, 1869 Weberistruma Brown, 1948 Wessonistruma Brown, 1948