西藏度亡經
度亡經（藏語：བར་དོ་ཐོས་གྲོལ，威利轉寫：bar do thos grol，THL：bardo thödröl（巴多脫卓）），即《西藏度亡經》，又譯為《中陰得度法》或《中陰救度密法》、《中陰聞教救度大法》，此書是伏藏，在14世紀時被發掘。由寧瑪派伏藏師事業洲(Karma Gling-pa, 1376－1394)所取出的蓮花生大士巖藏法《寂靜忿怒密意自解脫》自稱是作者為八世紀印度高僧蓮花生大師留下來的伏藏密書，該書依照佛教義理介紹了人離世後處於中有階段的演變情形。該階段最長49天，然後開始下一期生命。有人認為此書參雜苯教觀念，和佛教論典的「中有」教義不符[1]。
亡者的心識將幻化文武百尊，為寂靜本尊相四十二尊，忿怒本尊相五十八尊。以強烈光體顯現，根據蓮花生所說，只要亡者在中陰時期辨識出文武百尊中任何一尊，當下即可融入本尊光體中，獲得解脫。
如果有正確方法的引導，靈魂在此期間可以得到解脫、出離輪迴。所以中陰救度的意義非常重要，這也是本書在一千多年來備受重視的原因。
該書由西藏喇嘛達瓦桑杜及其美國弟子溫慈博士編譯為英文，於1927年出版後引起國際影響。心理學家卡爾·榮格對此書進行評述，稱之為他的「隨身伴侶」。
參考文獻
編輯- Coleman, Graham, Editor's introduction, Coleman, Graham (編), The Tibetan Book of the Dead: First Complete Translation, Penguin Books, 2005, ISBN 978-0143104940
- Conners, Peter, White Hand Society: The Psychedelic Partnership of Timothy Leary & Allen Ginsberg, City Lights Books, 2013
- Cuevas, Bryan J. The Hidden History of the Tibetan Book of the Dead. New York: Oxford University Press, 2003.
- Evans-Wentz, W. Y. (編), The Tibetan Book of the Dead (PDF) 1957 1st (ebook translation), Oxford University Press, 1960 [1927] [2017-10-03], （原始內容存檔 (PDF)於2021-04-15）
- Forbes, Andrew; Henley, David (編), The Illustrated Tibetan Book of the Dead, Chiang Mai: Cognoscenti Books, 2013
- Fremantle, Francesca; Trungpa, Chögyam (編), The Tibetan Book of the Dead: The Great Liberation through Hearing in the Bardo by Guru Rinpoche according to Karma Lingpa, Boulder: Shambhala, 1975, ISBN 1-59030-059-9
- Fremantle, Francesca, Luminous Emptiness: understanding the Tibetan Book of the dead, Boston, MA: Shambhala Publications, 2001, ISBN 1-57062-450-X
- Gould, Jonathan, Can't Buy Me Love: The Beatles, Britain, and America, Crown Publishing Group, 2007
- Leary, Timothy; Metzner, Ralph; Alpert, Richard, THE PSYCHEDELIC EXPERIENCE. A manual based on THE TIBETAN BOOK OF THE DEAD (PDF), 1964 [2017-10-03], （原始內容存檔 (PDF)於2021-01-19）
- Lee, Martin A.; Shlain, Bruce, Acid Dreams: The Complete Social History of LSD : the CIA, the Sixties, and Beyond, Grove Press, 1992
- Lopez, Donald S., Jr., The Tibetan book of the dead : a biography, Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 2011, ISBN 978-0691134352
- Merkur, Daniel, The Formation of Hippie Spirituality: 1. Union with God. In: J. Harold Ellens (ed.), "Seeking the Sacred with Psychoactive Substances: Chemical Paths to Spirituality and to God", ABC-CLIO, 2014
- Miles, barry, Many Years From Now, Vintage, 1998
- Norbu, Namkhai, Foreword, Reynolds, John Myrdin (編), Self-liberation through seeing with naked awareness, Station Hill Press, Inc., 1989
- Reynolds, John Myrdin, Appendix I: The views on Dzogchen of W.Y. Evans-Wentz and C.G. Jung, Reynolds, John Myrdin (編), Self-liberation through seeing with naked awareness, Station Hill Press, Inc., 1989
- Valdez, Juan, The Snow Cone Diaries: A Philosopher's Guide to the Information Age, AuthorHouse, 2014
延伸閱讀
編輯- Chökyi Nyima Rinpoche (1991) The Bardo Guidebook Rangjung Yeshe Publications 1991.
- Cuevas, Bryan J. (2003) The Hidden History of the Tibetan Book of the Dead. New York: Oxford University Press.
- Fremantle, Francesca (2001). Luminous Emptiness: understanding the Tibetan Book of the dead. Boston, MA: Shambhala Publications ISBN 1-57062-450-X
- Griffin, Mark (2008) The Bardo Thodol – A Golden Opportunity. Los Angeles: HardLight Publishing. ISBN 978-0975902028
- Lati Rinpochay & Hopkins, Jeffrey (1985) Death, Intermediate State and Rebirth, Ithaca: Snow Lion
- Lodo, Lama (1987) Bardo Teachings. Ithaca: Snow Lion
- Mullin, Glenn H. (1986) Death and Dying: the Tibetan Tradition Penguin-Arkana ISBN 0-14-019013-9
- Sögyal Rinpoche, with Gaffney, Patrick & Harvey, Andrew (eds.) (1992) The Tibetan Book of Living and Dying. San Francisco: Harper ISBN 0-06-250793-1
參見
編輯- 沃爾特·葉林·埃文斯-溫茲(Walter Evans-Wentz)
外部連接
編輯- History article （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）
- Bardo Thodol – The Tibetan Book of the Dead – Public Domain PDF ebook （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）
- The Tibetan Book of the Dead: A Way of Life – First part of a documentary filmed in Ladakh by NHK, Mistral and CFB
- The Tibetan Book of the Dead: The Great Liberation – Second part of a documentary filmed in Ladakh by NHK, Mistral and CFB
- "The Life, Death and Rebirth of The Tibetan Book of the Dead" （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）, Donald S. Lopez Jr., Berfrois（頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）, 13 April 2011