维基百科

無毒世界基金會

無毒世界基金會（Foundation for a Drug-Free World），也稱無毒世界協會（Drug-Free World Organization）是由山達基教會於2006年設立，總部位於美國加州洛杉磯的一個反毒宣傳組織。山達基教會稱該基金會作爲山達基人在社會上做好事的例證之一[2]。同其他山達基外圍組織一樣，基金會財政由國際山達基人協會贊助，公共關係與新聞稿直接由教會辦理[3]。教會新生活教育中心下屬的那可拿戒毒中心也由其贊助和招募新人[4]。

無毒世界協會
成立時間2006年10月 (2006-10)
類型宗教性非營利
20-5812172
總部洛杉矶 编辑维基数据
地址
服务地区世界
方法反毒小手冊、公共宣導、藥物認知活動
重要人物
  • Ambra Calzolari
  • Jessica Hochman
  • Gail Carroll
  • Aris Gregorian
  • Maurithus Meiring
  • Shaleen Wohrnitz
[1]
上級組織
山達基教會
收入
89,748 美元 (2022年) 编辑维基数据
目標防止藥物濫用
網站總會中文
台灣

無毒世界基金會的主要活動是，推出有爭議性的「毒品的真相」系列小冊子及「毒品的真相：真人真事」影片，影片介紹海洛因、大麻、古柯鹼、安非他命等毒品藥物，也提到處方藥、酒精等藥物。官方目的是「找出傳統上會帶來文明崩解的社會亂源，並且根據山達基教創始人L·羅恩·賀伯特的作品，注入解決之道，處理社會主要亂源。」[5]

批評者指責，基金會舉辦反毒活動時隱瞞其與山達基教會的直接關係，並試圖將山達基理論引入校園[6][7][8][9]。而且反毒資料中參雜山達基宗教理論，並有錯誤的、無醫學科學基礎的內容[9]。其錯誤資訊包括「小量毒品會提神，大量毒品會鎮定，所有毒品都一樣」，以及聲稱古柯鹼的戒斷者會因失落而自殺等等危言聳聽的言論[6]。

無毒世界基金會在剛果、墨西哥、哥倫比亞、台灣等健康教育欠缺的國家成功招募了新信徒，但在在美國等已開發國家被廣泛拒絕[10]。

無毒世界基金會在台灣以社團法人台灣無毒世界協會之名開展宣傳活動，於民國104年10月4日由著名婦產科醫師吳玉珍在高雄山達基教會成立。

山達基教净化理論

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参见：淨化程式和山達基 § 教義與活動

山達基教會以及其附屬組織推出的「民俗療法」及「偏方」在國外引起相當大的爭議。[11][12][13]該理論毫無科學基礎地四處宣稱服下的藥物將永遠囤積在人體的脂肪中，但只要去洗三溫暖且使用過量菸鹼酸等維他命，就能逆轉。醫學專家嚴正駁斥這樣的謬論，藥物並不會儲存在脂肪中就算有也是十分微量的，在統計學上無顯著意義，更不可能透過洗三溫暖「催汗」來代謝藥物。 [14]截至2005年，醫界的共識是：「山達基的所謂健康宣導內容，是毫無任何醫學根據的。」[14]

山達基組織宣稱主流的醫學對於本組織的「偏方」存有偏見，因此那些「鼓吹用藥的醫學專家學者無法相信本組織能提供一種不需服藥就能治百病的療法。」[15] 本組織表示那些對於本組織的詆毀皆是肇因於自身的偏見人格所致。[16]也因此那些人是「藥物濫用的擁護者，不是在吸毒就是在販毒」。[17] 本組織的「旨在脫離藥物使用」的偏方被專家學者形容為「從醫學理論與實務上來說都是危險的、[18]強不知以為知[19][20][21] 以及假醫治，真詐財（medical fraud）[22]」， 醫學界專家也認為本組織的「教育計畫」的內容「毫無醫學知識可言，從基本的藥物對生理、心理的交互作用及藥物濫用都與具有科學實證的醫學證據相違背，其中甚至連用詞都出現張冠李戴的情形」。[23]

山達基在台灣已被合法認定為可免除稅捐的宗教，於2014年獲頒行政院獎且獲內政部連續十年頒發全國績優宗教團體獎，但在英國、加拿大、及中華人民共和國，山達基並沒有宗教地位而是營利組織，德國、法國和俄羅斯將其認定為邪教。

與山達基和那可拿的關係

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在2012年，加州聖安娜警察部門曾派發由無毒世界基金會提供的反毒小冊子。記者致電小冊子上的聯絡號碼，並問在哪裡可以得到藥物濫用的幫助，他被引導至國際那可拿的旗艦——箭頭戒治中心。那可拿是美國國稅局認定的山達基教會相關單位。這些關係在報導登出後，聖安娜警察部門撤回小冊子。[24]

2009年9月9日，一位費城北自由市居民在市政廳警察會議外發現由基金會出品的小冊子，上面這樣寫着[25]：

第一步是要理解為什麼一個人變得被毒品困着，在1969年5月，國際毒品危機達到高峰時，作家和人道主義者L.羅恩·賀伯特寫道：「當一個人鬱悶或疼痛時，他發現沒有治療可以得到身體上的解脫，他最終將會自己發現，毒品可以消除他的症狀……」 染上毒癮，也有真正的毒癮解決方案，利用L·羅恩·賀伯特方法的那可拿戒毒程序，有超過75％的成功率……

在新墨西哥州拉斯克魯塞斯，「無毒警官」計劃始於2008年11月。無毒世界基金會提供了小冊子，底部載有版權通知，是屬於無毒世界基金會、那可拿、生活與教育改善協會，所有都是山達基有關單位。市長後發現反毒計劃是由山達基教會創建和提供資金後，他道歉並結束計劃。[26]

2005年，無毒世界基金會創立前一年，加州教育局對那可拿反毒教育進行評估，結論是其課程提供不準確和不科學的資料,可能導致學生有危險行爲。教育局監督傑克·奧康內爾因此敦促所有加州學校禁止那可拿反毒教育計劃[27]，加州醫學協會宣布一致支持這決定[28]。基於加州評估報告，夏威夷及數州的教育官員沒有允許那可拿進入公立學校[29]。報告全文在加州教育局的網站[30]，有關新聞記載在此網站[31]。

那可拿的反毒宣導因爲滲入了山達基信仰和有不正確資料，在世界各地被拒絕。

無毒世界基金會的可信度

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採用無毒世界基金會的資訊宜慎重考慮。因為該網站的資訊缺乏來源，無法進行查證，極有可能是原創研究。[32]

參考

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  1. ^
  2. ^ 我聽說過山達基人對社會做了許多好事，有些什麼特定的例子呢？. [2013-07-26]. （原始内容存档于2013-06-09）. 
  3. ^ Drug Education Part of San Gabriel Valley Boy Scouts Expo. PRWeb. [2013-07-26]. 
  4. ^ Dulaney, Josh. Anti-drug Pamphlets Linked to Scientology Gone From Santa Ana Police Department. Orange County Weekly. 2012-05-16 [14 October 2018]. （原始内容存档于2018-10-14）. 
  5. ^ 什麼是國際山達基人協會？. [2013-07-26]. （原始内容存档于2013-08-14）. 
  6. ^ 6.0 6.1 Weill, Kelly. School Accidentally Hired Church of Scientology-Backed Group to Teach Drug Education. The Daily Beast. 2017-05-14 [20 May 2017]. （原始内容存档于2017-05-17）. 
  7. ^ Daly, Greg. Schools urged to be vigilant amid reports of targeting by 'cult'. The Irish Catholic. April 20, 2023 [18 April 2017]. （原始内容存档于2017-04-04）. 
  8. ^ Haglage, Abby. Scientology Defends Its Anti-Weed Hokum. Daily Beast. 2015-01-30 [15 April 2017]. （原始内容存档于2017-04-16）. 
  9. ^ 9.0 9.1 Mintz, Zoe. Parents Outraged After Scientology-Sponsored Group Delivers Anti-Drug Messages At New York City Schools. International Business Times. 2015-01-29 [15 April 2017]. （原始内容存档于2017-04-16）. 
  10. ^ Mathis-Lilley, Ben. A Scientology-Run Anti-Drug Group Works Extensively in New York City Schools. The Slate. 2015-01-28 [15 April 2017]. （原始内容存档于2017-04-16）. 
  11. ^ Scientology Presents Narconon Program (PDF). Westlake Post. 30 April 1970 [2017-03-05]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2016-03-04）. "The conference presented current programs effective in alleviating drug problems. No program which employs drug or electric shock therapy was presented, as it has been discovered that groups which condone these techniques have only been pretending to be effective in drug rehabilitation", said Max Prudente, Scientology spokesman. ... "Based solely on the philosophy and tenets of Scientology, the applied religious philosophy, this program has achieved new and dramatic breakthroughs in the field of drug rehabilitation. Its nearly 85% success ratio has earned high praise from Governors, state and federal officials and correction authorities across the U.S., " Prudente said. 
  12. ^ The Four Basic Social Programs. The Hawaiian-American. 17 December 1975 [6 September 2012]. （原始内容存档于2017-01-05）. We talked with Rev. Diana Harris, Pastor of the Church of Scientology of Hawaii ... and she gave us a complete background on the church's social programs for those in need in our community. ... Another community program the church offers is Narconon - a program designed to assist persons to get off drugs and to keep off drugs. The program was utilized in Oahu State Prison for a while and enjoyed a very high rate of success, according to Pastor Harris. They [Scientology] have been asked to consider re-introducing the program to the prison at a later date. 
  13. ^ NARCONON to give awards. The Phoenix Gazette. 19 May 1970 [6 September 2012]. （原始内容存档于2017-01-05）. General information regarding the technology of Scientology, upon which NARCONON is based, can be secured from the Institute of Applied Philosophy 
  14. ^ 14.0 14.1 Peters, Paul. Scientology Nation. Salt Lake City Weekly. 2008-07-10: 20–22, 24 [22 August 2013]. （原始内容存档于2013-10-17）. 
  15. ^ SAN FRANCISCO / Church's drug program flunks S.F. test / Panel of experts finds Scientology's Narconon lectures outdated, inaccurate. SFGate. [2016-11-21]. （原始内容存档于2016-08-23）. 
  16. ^ Families question Scientology-linked drug rehab after recent deaths. NBCRock Center. 16 August 2012 [3 September 2012]. （原始内容存档于2017-05-07）. 
  17. ^ Town Welcomes, Then Questions a Drug Project. New York Times. Associated Press. 17 July 1989: A13 [13 March 2014]. （原始内容存档于2016-11-16）. 
  18. ^ Farley, Robert. Detox center seeks acceptance. St Petersburg Times. 30 March 2003. When Narconon opened its Chilocco facility in 1991, the Oklahoma Board of Mental Health issued a blistering assessment in denying its application for certification. "There is no credible evidence establishing the effectiveness of the Narconon program to its patients," the board concluded. It attacked the program as medically unsafe; dismissed the sauna program as unproven; and criticized Narconon for inappropriately taking some patients off prescribed psychiatric medication. 
  19. ^ Kyle Smith. DON'T BE TRICKED BY $CI-FI TOM-FOOLERY. New York Post. 20 April 2007 [20 March 2014]. （原始内容存档于2014-03-22）. Those who want a tan from his celebrity glow will urge a fair hearing for his quackery. Obscure City Councilman Hiram Monserrate suddenly finds himself talked about after issuing a proclamation of huzzahs for L. Ron Hubbard. Three: The Ground Zero maladies are so baffling that workers will try anything. Anyone who feels better will credit any placebo at hand - whether Cruise or the Easter Bunny. In 1991, Time called Scientology's anti-drug program "Narconon" a "vehicle for drawing addicts into the cult" - which the magazine said "invented hundreds of goods and services for which members are urged to give up 'donations' " - such as $1,250 for advice on "moving swiftly up the Bridge" of enlightenment. That's New Age techno-gobbledygook for advice on buying swiftly up the Bridge of Brooklyn. Scientology fronts such as the New York Rescue Workers Detoxification Project - its Web site immediately recognizable as the work of Hubbardites by its logo, which looks like the cover of a Robert Heinlein paperback from 1971 - hint that their gimmicks might possibly interest anyone dreaming of weight loss, higher I.Q. or freedom from addiction. And you might be extra-specially interested if you've faced heart disease, cancer, Agent Orange or Chernobyl. As Mayor Bloomberg put it, Scientology "is not science." Nope. It's science fiction. 
  20. ^ Robert W. Welkos; Joel Sappell. Church Seeks Influence in Schools, Business, Science. Los Angeles Times. 27 June 1990 [13 September 2012]. （原始内容存档于2012-10-23）. A fourth article did not mention Hubbard by name, but reported favorably on Narconon, his drug and alcohol rehabilitation program, which is run by Scientologists. 
  21. ^ 30 arrested in Paris crackdown on Scientologists. Agence France-Presse. 14 January 1992 [20 March 2014]. （原始内容存档于2014-11-17）. About 30 Scientologists were arrested -- and 19 of them later indicted -- between May and October 1990 on charges of fraud, conspiracy to defraud and the illegal practice of medicine following the 1988 suicide of a church member in Lyon, eastern France. ... The sect has often found itself in trouble with officialdom the world over, accused of defrauding and brainwashing followers and, in France, of quackery at its illegal anti-drug clinics called "Narconon." 
  22. ^ Abgrall, Jean-Marie. Healing Or Stealing?: Medical Charlatans in the New Age (PDF). 2001: 193 [24 September 2012]. ISBN 1-892941-51-1. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2020-09-09）. Narconon, a subsidiary of Scientology, and the association “Yes to Life, No to Drugs” have also made a specialty of the fight against drugs and treating drug addicts. ... Drug addicts are just one of the Scientologists’ targets for recruitment. The offer of care and healing through techniques derived from dianetics is only a come-on. The detoxification of the patient by means of “dianetics purification” is more a matter of manipulation, through the general weakening that it causes; it is a way of brainwashing the subject. Frequently convicted for illegal practice of medicine, violence, fraud and slander, the Scientologists have more and more trouble getting people to accept their techniques as effective health measures, as they like to claim. They recommend their purification processes to eliminate X-rays and nuclear radiation, and to treat goiter and warts, hypertension and psoriasis, hemorrhoids and myopia. . . why would anyone find that hard to swallow? Scientology has built a library of several hundreds of volumes of writings exalting the effects of purification, and its disciples spew propaganda based on irresponsible medical writings by doctors who are more interested in the support provided by Scientology than in their patients’ well-being. On the other hand, responsible scientific reviews have long since “eliminated” dianetics and purification from the lists of therapies — relegating them to the great bazaar of medical fraud. ... Medical charlatans do not base their claims on scientific proof but, quite to the contrary, on peremptory assertions — the kind of assertions that they challenge when they come out of the mouths of those who defend “real” medicine. 
  23. ^ Asimov, Nanette. Church's drug program flunks S.F. test / Panel of experts finds Scientology's Narconon lectures outdated, inaccurate. San Francisco Chronicle. 2 October 2004 [7 September 2012]. （原始内容存档于2016-08-23）. The program, Narconon Drug Prevention & Education, "often exemplifies the outdated, non-evidence-based and sometimes factually inaccurate approach, which has not served students well for decades," concluded Steve Heilig, director of health and education for the San Francisco Medical Society. In his letter to Trish Bascom, director of health programs for the San Francisco Unified School District, Heilig said five independent experts in the field of drug abuse had helped him evaluate Narconon's curriculum. ... "One of our reviewers opined that 'this (curriculum) reads like a high school science paper pieced together from the Internet, and not very well at that,' " Heilig wrote Bascom. "Another wrote that 'my comments will be brief, as this proposal hardly merits detailed analysis.' Another stated, 'As a parent, I would not want my child to participate in this kind of 'education.' " Heilig's team evaluated Narconon against a recent study by Rodney Skager, a professor emeritus at UCLA's Graduate School of Education and Information Studies, describing what good anti-drug programs should offer students. "We concurred that ... the Narconon materials focus on some topics of lesser importance to the exclusion of best knowledge and practices," Heilig wrote, and that the curriculum contained "factual errors in basic concepts such as physical and mental effects, addiction and even spelling." 
  24. ^ Anti-drug Pamphlets Linked to Scientology Gone From Santa Ana Police Department. Orange County Weekly. [2013-07-24]. （原始内容存档于2014-03-20）. 
  25. ^ Isaiah Thompson. Did Scientologists infiltrate NoLibs town hall meeting?. Philadelphia City Paper. 2009-09-25 [2013-07-25]. （原始内容存档于2013-06-17）. 
  26. ^ Mayor abandons anti-drug program affiliated with Church of Scientology. Las Cruces Sun-News. [2013-07-25]. （原始内容存档于2014-03-20）. 
  27. ^ Nanette Asimov. Schools urged to drop antidrug program / Scientology-linked teachings inaccurate, superintendent says - SFGate. SFGate. 2005-02-23 [2012-09-29]. （原始内容存档于2013-07-15）. 
  28. ^ Nanette Asimov. Doctors back schools dropping flawed antidrug program. SFGate. 2005-03-27 [2012-09-29]. （原始内容存档于2021-02-25）. 
  29. ^ Rosemarie Bernardo. Public schools will not host Narconon program. Honolulu Star-Bulletin News. 2005-06-11 [2012-09-29]. （原始内容存档于2021-02-24）. 
  30. ^ Deborah Wood. Narconon Drug Abuse Prevention Program Evaluation. Alcohol, Tobacco & Other Drug Prevention (CA Dept of Education). 2005 [2012-09-29]. （原始内容存档于2019-12-22）. 
  31. ^ David Touretzky. Narconon in the San Francisco Schools. [2012-09-29]. （原始内容存档于2021-02-25）. 
  32. ^ 無毒世界基金會台灣分會. [2012-09-15]. （原始内容存档于2018-09-05）. 

連結

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检索自“https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=無毒世界基金會&oldid=85241015”