CD79

CD79b molecule, immunoglobulin-associated beta
識別
符號	CD79B
替換符號	IG-beta
Entrez	974
HUGO	1699
OMIM	147245
RefSeq	NM_021602
UniProt	P40259
其他資料
基因座	17 q23

CD79a molecule, immunoglobulin-associated alpha
識別
符號	CD79A
替換符號	IG-alpha
Entrez	973
HUGO	1698
OMIM	112205
RefSeq	NM_001783
UniProt	P11912
其他資料
基因座	19 q13.2

CD79是一种跨膜蛋白，可与B细胞受体（BCR）结合为复合体，并在BCR识别抗原后产生一个信号。 CD79由两个不同的肽链组成，分别称为CD79A 和 CD79B（之前称为Ig-alpha和Ig-beta），这两个肽链以二硫键在B细胞表面形成一个异二聚体^[1]。 CD79A和CD79B都是免疫球蛋白超家族的成员，人体CD79A是由位于19号染色体上的mb-1基因编码的，而CD79B则由位于17号染色体上的B29基因编码^[1]^[2]。CD79的两条链都在其胞质端含有一个免疫受体酪氨酸活化基序（ITAM），用来在B细胞中传导一个信号，与T细胞受体激活时CD3生成的细胞信号相似^[3].

功能

CD79含有可在B细胞中介导下游信号的免疫受体酪氨酸活化基序（ITAM），一般作为检测B细胞肿瘤的细胞标记物，然而，一些T淋巴细胞白血病或淋巴瘤和AML中的肿瘤细胞对CD79单克隆抗体也有潜在的阳性反应^[4]。在B细胞和血细胞前体都有表达，CD79被认为是一种诱导细胞凋亡、抑制B细胞受体（BCR）活化和异常生發中心的候选物质。如今，CD79已经在MRL/lpr小鼠（一种小鼠全身性红斑狼疮模型）中作为B细胞靶点进行了测试^[5]。然而，关于CD79的研究仍亟待充实。

CD79和B细胞受体信号

科学家们发现了可导致BCR信号慢性激活的BCR受体CD79A/B的突变，在活检样本中，这样影响CD79A/B的ITAM信号模块的体细胞突变经常被检测到^[6]。此外，一些研究人员认为，CD79可能成为治疗B细胞依赖性自体免疫的替代靶点^[7]。 Hardy等人发现，在抗原诱导的BCR聚集过程中，CD79被磷酸化，并引发一系列下游信号转导事件。Hardy等人进一步描述了慢性AgR刺激引起的BCR信号异常模式，并导致一种B细胞的无反应状态^[8]。

参考文献

^ ^1.0 ^1.1 CD79: a review. Applied Immunohistochemistry & Molecular Morphology. June 2001, 9 (2): 97–106. PMID 11396639. doi:10.1097/00022744-200106000-00001.
^ Comparison of human B cell antigen receptor complexes: membrane-expressed forms of immunoglobulin (Ig)M, IgD, and IgG are associated with structurally related heterodimers. The Journal of Experimental Medicine. June 1992, 175 (6): 1511–9. PMC 2119249  . PMID 1375264. doi:10.1084/jem.175.6.1511.
^ Interplay between the human TCR/CD3 epsilon and the B-cell antigen receptor associated Ig-beta (B29). Immunology Letters. January 1995, 44 (2–3): 97–103. PMID 7541024. doi:10.1016/0165-2478(94)00199-2.
^ Naeim, Faramarz; Rao, P. Nagesh; Song, Sophie X.; Grody, Wayne W. Principles of Immunophenotyping. : 25–46. doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-385183-3.00002-4.
^ B-cells and their targeting in rheumatoid arthritis--current concepts and future perspectives. Autoimmunity Reviews. November 2011, 11 (1): 28–34. PMID 21777703. doi:10.1016/j.autrev.2011.06.010.
^ Chronic active B-cell-receptor signalling in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Nature. January 2010, 463 (7277): 88–92. PMC 2845535  . PMID 20054396. doi:10.1038/nature08638 （英语）.
^ B cell depletion with anti-CD79 mAbs ameliorates autoimmune disease in MRL/lpr mice. Journal of Immunology. September 2008, 181 (5): 2961–72. PMC 2865432  . PMID 18713966.
^ Anti-CD79 antibody induces B cell anergy that protects against autoimmunity. Journal of Immunology. February 2014, 192 (4): 1641–50. PMC 3941979  . PMID 24442438. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.1302672.

外部链接

美国国家医学图书馆的医学主题词(MeSH) CD79+Antigen（页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）

[chu-1] 1.0 ^1.1 CD79: a review. Applied Immunohistochemistry & Molecular Morphology. June 2001, 9 (2): 97–106. PMID 11396639. doi:10.1097/00022744-200106000-00001.

[2] Comparison of human B cell antigen receptor complexes: membrane-expressed forms of immunoglobulin (Ig)M, IgD, and IgG are associated with structurally related heterodimers. The Journal of Experimental Medicine. June 1992, 175 (6): 1511–9. PMC 2119249  . PMID 1375264. doi:10.1084/jem.175.6.1511.

[3] Interplay between the human TCR/CD3 epsilon and the B-cell antigen receptor associated Ig-beta (B29). Immunology Letters. January 1995, 44 (2–3): 97–103. PMID 7541024. doi:10.1016/0165-2478(94)00199-2.

[4] Naeim, Faramarz; Rao, P. Nagesh; Song, Sophie X.; Grody, Wayne W. Principles of Immunophenotyping. : 25–46. doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-385183-3.00002-4.

[:0-5] B-cells and their targeting in rheumatoid arthritis--current concepts and future perspectives. Autoimmunity Reviews. November 2011, 11 (1): 28–34. PMID 21777703. doi:10.1016/j.autrev.2011.06.010.

[6] Chronic active B-cell-receptor signalling in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Nature. January 2010, 463 (7277): 88–92. PMC 2845535  . PMID 20054396. doi:10.1038/nature08638 （英语）.

[7] B cell depletion with anti-CD79 mAbs ameliorates autoimmune disease in MRL/lpr mice. Journal of Immunology. September 2008, 181 (5): 2961–72. PMC 2865432  . PMID 18713966.

[8] Anti-CD79 antibody induces B cell anergy that protects against autoimmunity. Journal of Immunology. February 2014, 192 (4): 1641–50. PMC 3941979  . PMID 24442438. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.1302672.

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