GMC CCKW
GMC CCKW，中国抗战时称为季姆西十轮大卡车，是美国陆军二战时标准装备的2½吨6×6越野车与载重卡车。[2]
| CCKW | |
|---|---|
 CCKW 353卡车 | |
| 类型 | 2+1⁄2吨 6×6越野车 |
| 原产地 | 美国 |
| 生产历史 | |
| 研发者 | Yellow Truck and Coach Co. |
| 生产商 | Yellow/GMC Truck and Coach Chevrolet |
| 生产日期 | 1941–45 |
| 制造数量 | 562,750 |
| 衍生型 | 见本文 |
| 基本规格 （353 Cargo w/winch[1]） | |
| 重量 | 8,800磅（4,000公斤） 空车 16,400磅（7,400公斤） 重车 |
| 长度 | 2701⁄8英寸（6.86米） |
| 宽度 | 88英寸（2.24米） |
| 高度 | 93英寸（2.36米） 到驾驶室 1091⁄8英寸（2.77米） 全部 |
| 发动机 | GMC 270 91 hp（68 kW） |
| 变速 | 5速×2 |
| 悬挂 | 板簧上的梁轴 |
| 燃料容量 | 40 US gal（150 l） |
| 作战范围 | 300 mi（482.8 km） |
| 速度 | 45 mph（72 km/h） |
命名
编辑- "C"，1941设计
- "C"，传统驾驶室
- "K"，全轮驱动
- "W"，双后轴
历史
编辑1939-1940年，美国陆军军械部队招标2+1⁄2吨战术6×6越野车。斯蒂庞克、通用汽车下属的黄色客车制造公司、万国收割机公司提交了设计。其中，通用汽车把1939年为法国陆军研发的ACKWX改进为CCKW。美国陆军选中通用汽车为中标的标准卡车，由密执安州庞蒂亚克工厂、密苏里州圣路易斯雪佛兰工厂生产。[4][5]至1945年停产，累计生产了562,750辆，仅次于吉普车。[6]
规格
编辑Engine and drive-line
编辑The CCKW was equipped with the GMC 270 engine, an overhead valve inline-6 with 91匹馬力（68千瓦特） at 2750rpm and 216英磅力·英尺（293牛頓·米） at 1400rpm. A 325⁄32英寸（96 mm） bore by 4英寸（102 mm） stroke gave a 269.5 cu in（4.4 L） displacement.[7] This (gasoline) engine was designed for commercial trucks, and was reliable in service.[8]
The transmission was a Warner T93 5-speed with a direct 4th gear and overdrive 5th gear. The transfer case had high and low gears, and engaged the front axle. Originally all axles were a Timken split type, later trucks also used GM "banjo" types.[9][10]
Chassis
编辑The CCKW had a ladder frame chassis with three driven beam axles, the front on leaf springs, the rear tandem on leaf springs with locating arms. There were two wheelbases, the short Model 352 and the long Model 353. The short, 145英寸（368 cm） (Measurements are from the centerline of the front axle to the centerline of rear bogie) was used with a short cargo bed as an artillery prime mover for 75 mm and 105 mm howitzers. All other models used the long 164英寸（417 cm） wheelbase. Tires were 7.50-20, brakes were hydraulic with vacuum assist.[8]
Some were fitted with 10,000磅（4,500公斤） front-mounted winches. A winch added 300英磅（140公斤） and 14英寸（36厘米）.[11]
Some open cab chassis were cut in half behind the cab for air transport. Each half was a load, at the vehicle's destination, the halves were bolted back together.[8][12]
型号
编辑
CCW
编辑CCW（C表示1941，C表示传统驾驶室，W表示串联双后桥）是公路型5吨6×4卡车，使用梁式前轴。
照片集
编辑-
-
1944年在法国的车队 -
完全修复的收藏品 -
为空运把底盘分成两部分 -
CCKW 353采用开放驾驶室、机枪架、前绞车
参考文献
编辑- ^ TM 9-801 (1944)，第6-9, 16-19頁.
- ^ Colley (2000).
- ^ Whitlock (2004).
- ^ Crismon (2001)，第9, 184, 326, 330-335, 465頁.
- ^ Doyle (2010)，第9頁.
- ^ Ware (2010)，第238-239頁.
- ^ TM 9-801 (1944)，第6-9頁.
- ^ 8.0 8.1 8.2 Doyle (2003)，第108-118頁.
- ^ TM 9-801 (1944)，第13-14, 35-39頁.
- ^ Doyle (2010)，第9, 10, 20頁.
- ^ TM 9-801 (1944)，第17-18, 54-58頁.
- ^ Doyle (2010)，第47-55頁.
- Boniface, Jean-Michel; Jeudy, Jean-Gabriel. The GMC 6x6 & DUKW: A Universal Truck. Foulis/Haynes. 1990. ISBN 978-0-85429-860-0.
- Colley, David P. The Road to Victory: The Untold Story of World War II's Red Ball Express. Potomac Books. 2000. ISBN 1-57488-173-6.
- Crismon, Fred W. US Military Wheeled Vehicles 3. Victory WWII Pub. 2001. ISBN 0-970056-71-0.
- Doyle, David. Standard catalog of U.S. Military Vehicles. Krause Publications. 2003. ISBN 0-87349-508-X.
- Doyle, David. 2+1⁄2-ton Truck. Squadron/Signal. 2010. ISBN 978-0-89747-609-6.
- Ware, Pat. The World Encyclopedia of Military Vehicles. Lorenz Books. 2010. ISBN 0-7548-2052-1.
- Whitlock, Flint. The Fighting First: The Untold Story of the Big Red One on D-Day. Westview. 2004. ISBN 0-8133-4218-X.
- TM 9-801 2+1⁄2-ton 6×6 GMC CCKW. US War Dept. 24 April 1944 [20 December 2014]. （原始内容存档于2016-03-05）.
- TM 9-2800 Military Vehicles. US Dept. of the Army. 1947 [24 Feb 2016]. （原始内容存档于2014-11-29）.
外部链接
编辑
- http://www.cckw.org/（页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
- https://web.archive.org/web/20081028220440/http://www.transchool.eustis.army.mil/Museum/ExhibitsIndex.htm
- CCKW at Olive-Drab.com（页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
- GMC trucks at The-Blueprints.com. Onno van Braam. 2014 [5 Oct 2014]. （原始内容存档于2019-01-29）.
- GMC CCKW at U.S. Veterans Memorial Museum