左旋甲基苯丙胺
（重定向自左旋甲基安非他命）
左旋甲基苯丙胺 (levomethamphetamine)[note 1]又称左旋甲基安非他命，是右旋甲基苯丙胺的光学异构体。左旋甲基苯丙胺是拟交感神经血管收缩剂，是一些非处方(OTC) 鼻腔去阻塞吸入剂的活性成分[note 2]。
 | |
 | |
| 临床资料 | |
|---|---|
| 给药途径 | 医用 :吸入(鼻腔) 娱乐用 :口服 静脉注射, insufflation,吸入 栓剂 |
| 法律规范状态 | |
| 法律规范 |
|
| 药物动力学数据 | |
| 药物代谢 | 肝脏 |
| 排泄途径 | 肾 |
| 识别信息 | |
| |
| CAS号 | 33817-09-3  |
| PubChem CID | |
| ChemSpider | |
| UNII | |
| KEGG | |
| CompTox Dashboard (EPA) | |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.046.974 |
| 化学信息 | |
| 化学式 | C10H15N |
| 摩尔质量 | 149.2 |
| 3D模型（JSmol） | |
| |
| |
药理学特性
编辑左旋甲基苯丙胺可穿越血脑屏障并作为TAAR1激动剂[3]，也作为去甲肾上腺素释放剂 (对多巴胺系统较无影响[4])。它跟右旋甲基苯丙胺一样影响中枢神经系统，但作用方式不同[5]。不同于右旋甲基苯丙胺，它在低剂量没有造成欣快或成瘾的特性[5][6][4]。在他的几项生理作用中，血管收缩作用使其可用于去鼻腔阻塞喷剂[7]。
左旋甲基苯丙胺的半衰期约为13.3至15小时，右旋甲基苯丙胺则为10.5小时[8]。
参见
编辑注释
编辑参考资料
编辑- ^ CFR TITLE 21: DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE: PART 341 -- COLD, COUGH, ALLERGY, BRONCHODILATOR, AND ANTIASTHMATIC DRUG PRODUCTS FOR OVER-THE-COUNTER HUMAN USE. United States Food and Drug Administration. April 2015 [7 March 2016]. （原始内容存档于2019-12-25）.
Topical nasal decongestants --(i) For products containing levmetamfetamine identified in 341.20(b)(1) when used in an inhalant dosage form. The product delivers in each 800 milliliters of air 0.04 to 0.150 milligrams of levmetamfetamine.
- ^ Levomethamphetamine. Pubchem Compound. National Center for Biotechnology Information. [2 January 2014]. （原始内容存档于2014-10-06）.
- ^ Levmetamfetamine. PubChem Compound. NCBI. [17 October 2014]. （原始内容存档于2014-10-18）.
- ^ 4.0 4.1 Kuczenski, R; Segal, DS; Cho, AK; Melega, W. Hippocampus norepinephrine, caudate dopamine and serotonin, and behavioral responses to the stereoisomers of amphetamine and methamphetamine. The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience. February 1995, 15 (2): 1308–17. PMID 7869099.
- ^ 5.0 5.1 Melega, WP; Cho, AK; Schmitz, D; Kuczenski, R; Segal, DS. l-methamphetamine pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics for assessment of in vivo deprenyl-derived l-methamphetamine. The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. February 1999, 288 (2): 752–8. PMID 9918585.
- ^ Mendelson J, Uemura N, Harris D, Nath RP, Fernandez E, Jacob P, Everhart ET, Jones RT. Human pharmacology of the methamphetamine stereoisomers. Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics. October 2006, 80 (4): 403–20. PMID 17015058. doi:10.1016/j.clpt.2006.06.013.
- ^ {{cite web | author=Pray SW | title=Nonprescription Products to Avoid With Hypertension | work=uspharmacist.com | accessdate=17 October 2014 | url=http://www.uspharmacist.com/content/d/consult_your_pharmacist/c/19370/ （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） | quote=Topical Nasal Decongestants
- ^ Mendelson J, Uemura N, Harris D, et al. Human pharmacology of the methamphetamine stereoisomers. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. October 2006, 80 (4): 403–20. PMID 17015058. doi:10.1016/j.clpt.2006.06.013.