维基百科

日本会议

（重定向自日本會議）

日本会议是日本最大的极端民族主义[12][13][14]、极右派[15]的非政府组织和游说团体[16][17][18][19]。它成立于1997年，拥有约40,000名成员[20]。该组织在日本政府的立法和行政机构具有影响力[18][21]。日本前首相安倍晋三曾担任日本会议的特别顾问[17]。该组织的目标是推动修改日本国宪法[22]，废除日本国宪法第九条[23]，促进日本爱国主义教育，支持日本官员参拜靖国神社[24][25][26][27]。

日本会议
成立时间1997年5月30日，​26年前​（1997-05-30）
创始人冢本幸一（英语：Koichi Tsukamoto）
创始地日本东京
并入日本保护协会、日本守护国民协会
类型极右翼组织
总部 日本东京
地址
会员
40,000
重要人物
安东巌
目标
网站www.nipponkaigi.org

成立历程 编辑

1997年5月30日，统合守护日本的集会和守护日本的国民会议成立[28]。

1974年4月，圆觉寺管长朝比奈宗源呼吁神道·佛教界的新宗教成立守护日本集会，针对政治课题开展了各种保守的政治运动。

保卫日本的国民会议成立于1981年10月。根据曾担任大法院院长的石田和外等人的号召，以经济界人士、学者为中心，以制定元号法为目的，于1978年7月成立的元号法制化实现国民会议为基础，对其进行了改组。[29]

活动和主张 编辑

重建美丽的日本和建设一个值得骄傲的国家，并提议进行政策建议和国民运动。主要的活动和主张有以下几种：

  • 皇室
    • 以男系稳定继承皇位为目的的皇室典范修订。
    • 皇室到地方行幸启时的奉迎活动。
  • 宪法
    • 制定代替现行宪法的新宪法。[30]
  • 教育
    • 纠正学校教科书中的“自虐”和“反国家”描述
    • 制定《家庭教育基本法》，以“父母学习”为基础，对父母进行再教育，消除欺凌行为等。
    • 纠正“权利偏见教育特别过重”
    • 纠正“自虐历史教育，以邪恶的方式破坏日本历史”
    • 纠正“无性别教育猖獗”
    • 促进学校升国旗和唱国歌运动
    • 教育委员会制度改革
    • 制定《新教育基本法》，包括“公共思想”、“爱国主义”和“丰富的情感”教育
    • 制定《国旗国歌法》
  • 国防
    • 修订《日本海上保安厅法》
    • 制定法律，确定自卫队在和平时期在区域安全中的作用
    • 通过修改《自卫队法》等方式制定“紧急情况立法”
  • 历史认知
    • 上一场战争是解放东亚的战争[31]，日本政府的道歉外交被日本人民指责为蔑视日本的历史和阵亡将士[30]。
    • “随军慰安妇”不是强迫绑架，而是公娼制度，“南京大屠杀”也不存在[31]。
  • 靖国神社
    • 日本首相正式参拜神社。
    • 反对建造无宗教的“国家纪念设施”，以取代神社。
  • 促进妇女全国运动[32]
    • 反对夫妻别姓[33]
    • 反对《两性平等条例》

参考文献 编辑

  1. ^ Nippon Kaigi: The ultra-nationalistic group trying to restore the might of the Japanese Empire. ABC新闻. 8 July 2020 [3 December 2015]. （原始内容存档于2021-11-20）. Nippon Kaigi, or Japan Conference, is an ultra-right-wing lobby group reshaping Japanese politics. 
  2. ^ Abe's cabinet reshuffle. East Asia Forum. 14 September 2019 [2021-07-23]. （原始内容存档于2021-03-08）. Abe also rewarded right-wing politicians who are close to him — so-called ‘ideological friends’ who are being increasingly pushed to the forefront of his administration — such as LDP Executive Acting Secretary-General Koichi Hagiuda who was appointed Education Minister. As a member of the ultranationalist Nippon Kaigi (Japan Conference), which seeks to promote patriotic education, he can be considered ‘reliable’ as the government’s policy leader on national education. 
  3. ^ Japanese minister becomes first in two years to visit Tokyo's controversial Yasukuni Shrine. 南华早报. 17 October 2019 [5 June 2020]. （原始内容存档于2021-11-25）. Eto is serving in his first cabinet position and is a member of the ultranationalist Nippon Kaigi organisation, whose aims are to revise the “national consciousness” surrounding the prosecution of Japan’s war criminals and to change the nation’s pacifist constitution implemented after the war. The group also promotes “爱国主义 education”. 
  4. ^ Michal Kolmas (编). National Identity and Japanese Revisionism. 劳特里奇. 2019 [2021-07-23]. ISBN 9781351334396. （原始内容存档于2023-01-13）. ... and foreign policy are rightwing revisionists organized in groups such as the ultranationalist Nippon Kaigi ... 
  5. ^ Ugo Dessì (编). Japanese Religions and Globalization. 劳特里奇. 2013: 146 [2021-07-23]. ISBN 9780415811705. （原始内容存档于2023-01-13）. 
  6. ^ In rare move, court suspends publication of best-seller on Abe-linked conservative lobby group. The Japan Times (Kyodo). 7 January 2017 [5 June 2020]. （原始内容存档于2021-11-26）. A Tokyo court has ordered a publisher to suspend publication of a best-selling nonfiction book detailing links between the conservative Japan Conference (Nippon Kaigi) lobby and a religious group, saying it contains defamatory information. 
  7. ^ Newsham, Grant. Japan's conservative Nippon Kaigi lobby: Worth worrying about?. Asia Times (Tokyo). 19 July 2016 [5 June 2020]. （原始内容存档于2021-07-23）. TOKYO–The recent spate of western media articles on Nippon Kaigi – a conservative Japanese lobbying group (and somewhat akin to a “Political Action Committee” in America) associated with Prime Minister Abe — suggests Japan is heading for a police state, and soon afterwards will be looking overseas for somewhere to invade. 
  8. ^ White, Stanley; Kajimoto, Tetsushi. Japan PM, finance minister under fire over suspected cover-up of cronyism. Reuters (Tokyo). 12 March 2018 [5 June 2020]. （原始内容存档于2021-07-23）. Also removed was a reference to ties by Abe and Aso to a conservative lobby group, Nippon Kaigi. 
  9. ^ Yamaguchi, Tomomi. Revisionism, Ultranationalism, Sexism: Relations Between the Far Right and the Establishment Over the 'Comfort Women' Issue. Social Science Japan Journal. 2018, 21 (2): 193–212 [7 September 2021]. doi:10.1093/ssjj/jyy014. （原始内容存档于2021-11-15）. 
  10. ^ Larsson, Ernils. Abe's cabinet reshuffle reflects growing influence of the religious right. East Asia Forum. 3 December 2014 [7 September 2021]. （原始内容存档于2021-11-15）. 
  11. ^ Yul Sohn, T. J. Pempel (编). Japan and Asia's Contested Order: The Interplay of Security, Economics, and Identity. 施普林格科学+商业媒体. 2018: 148 [2021-07-23]. ISBN 9789811302565. （原始内容存档于2021-12-03）. the reactionary group Nippon Kaigi (Japan Conference)—has been waging war over its shared past with China and South Korea on battlegrounds ranging from Yasukuni Shrine to the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). 
  12. ^ Japan emperor greets at celebration hosted by conservatives. ABC新闻. 8 July 2020 [9 November 2019]. （原始内容存档于2021-11-20）. Abe's key ultra-conservative supporter, Nippon Kaigi, or Japan Conference, was among the organizers Saturday. 
  13. ^ Ultra-nationalist school linked to Japanese PM accused of hate speech. 卫报. 8 July 2020 [15 March 2017]. （原始内容存档于2021-10-27）. Abe and Kagoike, who has indicated he will resign as principal, both belong to an ultra-conservative lobby group whose members include more than a dozen cabinet ministers. 
  14. ^ Tokyo's new governor defies more than glass ceiling. 德国之声. 8 July 2020 [2 August 2016]. （原始内容存档于2021-11-20）. In 2008, she made an unsuccessful run at the LDP's chairmanship. Following her defeat, she worked to build an internal party network and became involved in a revisionist group of lawmakers that serves as the mouthpiece of the ultraconservative Nippon Kaigi ("Japan Conference") movement. 
  15. ^ "The Dangerous Impact of the Far-Right in Japan" （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）. Washington Square News. 15 April 2019. Another sign of the rise of the uyoku dantai’s ideas is the growing power of the Nippon Kaigi. The organization is the largest far-right group in Japan and has heavy lobbying clout with the conservative LDP; 18 of the 20 members of Shinzo Abe’s cabinet were once members of the group.
  16. ^ Nippon Kaigi: Empire, Contradiction, and Japan’s Future 互联网档案馆的存档，存档日期12 September 2018..
  17. ^ 17.0 17.1 Right side up （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）, 6 June 2015, The Economist.
  18. ^ 18.0 18.1 Norihiro Kato. Tea Party Politics in Japan. New York Times. 12 September 2014. （原始内容存档于7 July 2019）. 
  19. ^ 国民运动の歩み « 日本会议 （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）（日语）
  20. ^ Yoshio Sugimoto (编). An Introduction to Japanese Society. 剑桥大学出版社. 2020: 242 [2021-07-23]. ISBN 9781108724746. （原始内容存档于2021-04-11）. Nippon Kaigi Parts of the Japanese establishment have ties with a large far-right voluntary organization, Nippon Kaigi (Japan Conference), whose ranks include grassroots members across the nation as well as national and local politicians ... 
  21. ^ Matthew Penney, Abe Cabinet – An Ideological Breakdown （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）, The Asia-Pacific Journal: Japan Focus. 28 January 2013
  22. ^ "The Quest for Japan's New Constitution: An Analysis of Visions and Constitutional Reform Proposals 1980–2009" p.75 (Christian G. Winkler, Routledge Contemporary Japan Series, 2011)
  23. ^ "Politics and pitfalls of Japan Ethnography" – page 66 – Routledge (18 June 2009) – Edited by Jennifer Robertson
  24. ^ Mullins, Mark R. (2012).
  25. ^ about Nippon Kaigi （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） (Japanese)
  26. ^ Rightist ministers make up 80% of Abe Cabinet （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）, Japan Press Weekly – 5 January 2012
  27. ^ Daiki Shibuichi (2008).
  28. ^ 冢田, 穂高. 「日本会議と宗教―宗教と現代がわかる本 2016」. 平凡社. 2016. 
  29. ^ Domain Unavailable!. theplatnews.com. [2022-07-19]. （原始内容存档于2016-02-25）. 
  30. ^ 30.0 30.1 日本会議がめざすもの « 日本会議. www.nipponkaigi.org. [2022-07-19]. （原始内容存档于2022-08-02）. 
  31. ^ 31.0 31.1 Ultra-nationalistic group trying to restore the might of the Japanese Empire. ABC News. 2015-12-02 [2022-07-19]. （原始内容存档于2015-12-03） （澳大利亚英语）. 
  32. ^ 日本会議の活動方針 « 日本会議. www.nipponkaigi.org. [2022-07-19]. （原始内容存档于2022-08-02）. 
  33. ^ [外国人参政権/夫婦別姓] 二法案反対を！　（チラシ・署名のご案内） « 日本会議. www.nipponkaigi.org. [2022-07-19]. （原始内容存档于2022-07-19）. 

外部链接 编辑

取自“https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=日本会议&oldid=81905513”