马里亚纳群岛及帕劳战役
(重定向自马里亚纳群岛和帕劳群岛战役)
马里亚纳群岛及帕劳战役(日语:マリアナ・パラオ诸岛の戦い/マリアナ・パラオしょとうのたたかい;英语:Mariana and Palau Islands campaign)是1944年6月至11月发生在马里亚纳群岛及帕劳的战役。美军的攻势在切斯特·威廉·尼米兹的指挥下,紧跟随吉尔伯特及马绍尔群岛战事而展开,目的是攻占日军在中太平洋的军事基地,以支援同盟国重返菲律宾群岛,及提供基地对日本本土实施战略轰炸行动。
马里亚纳群岛战役
编辑塞班岛战役
编辑在攻势开始时,美国海军陆战队和美国陆军在美国海军的支援下,于1944年6月在塞班岛实施登陆,作为回应,日本帝国海军联合舰队对支援登陆的美国海军舰队实施打击,在6月19日–6月20日的菲律宾海海战航空母舰战役中,日本海军被打败,舰载机及岸基飞机遭到惨重损失。
关岛及天宁岛战役
编辑之后,美军于1944年7月分别在关岛及天宁岛实施登陆,经过激烈的战斗后,美军在7月攻占塞班岛及在8月占领关岛和天宁岛,美军在塞班岛及天宁岛修建机场,至第二次世界大战结束前作为B-29超级堡垒轰炸机对日本本土实施战略轰炸的基地,包括原子弹轰炸广岛及长崎。
帕劳群岛战役
编辑与此同时,为了保障美军攻击在菲律宾日军时的侧翼安全,1944年9月美国海军陆战队和美国陆军在帕劳的贝里琉及安加尔实施登陆,在贝里琉经过激烈的战斗后,该岛在1944年11月终于被美军占领。
总结
编辑经过了在马里亚纳群岛及帕劳的登陆战役后,盟军继而成功地在1944年10月于菲律宾群岛和1945年1月在硫磺岛及琉球群岛实施登陆
参考文献
编辑书籍
编辑- D'Albas, Andrieu. Death of a Navy: Japanese Naval Action in World War II. Devin-Adair Pub. 1965. ISBN 0-8159-5302-X.
- Denfeld, D. Colt. Hold the Marianas: The Japanese Defense of the Mariana Islands. White Mane Pub. 1997. ISBN 1-57249-014-4.
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- Goldberg, Harold J. D-day in the Pacific: The Battle of Saipan. Indiana University Press. 2007. ISBN 0-253-34869-2.
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网页
编辑- Chen, C. Peter. "The Marianas and the Great Turkey Shoot". World War II Database. [2005-05-31]. (原始内容存档于2012-06-09). (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
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- Breaching the Marianas: The Battle for Saipan (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) (Marines in World War II Commemorative Series)
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