斯蒂芬·莫利纽克斯

斯蒂芬·莫利纽克斯 (1966年9月24日)是在爱尔兰出生的加拿大白人民族主义[1][2][3][4][5]播客主和阴谋论者、白人优越主义者, [6][7]科学种族主义者和男权运动者。 [14]他是Freedomain Radio网站的创始人。 截至2020年9月,斯蒂芬·莫利纽克斯因被指违反仇恨言论政策,PayPalMailchimp英语MailchimpYouTubeSoundCloud注销了他的账户。 [15][16][17][18][19]

斯蒂芬·莫利纽克斯

政客华盛顿邮报认为他是另类右派的领军人物,而纽约时报认为他是极右派人士。 [20][21][22][23] 独立报认为莫利纽克斯是“一位对种族与智力有着执念的另类哲学家”。 [24]莫利纽克斯自称是一位哲学家和无政府资本主义者。 [20]

背景

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莫利纽克斯生于爱尔兰,在伦敦长大,11岁时移民加拿大。[25]

他在多伦多约克大学格兰登学院英语Glendon College就读。1991年,莫利纽克斯获得了麦吉尔大学历史学学士学位。 1993年,他获得多伦多大学历史学硕士学位[26]

职业

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1995年初,莫利纽克斯和他的兄弟休 (Hugh) 创立了Caribou Systems Corporation,这是一家总部位于多伦多的数据库软件提供商。该公司于2000年被出售。 [27]

参考文献

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  1. ^ Collins, Ben. Notre Dame Cathedral fire spurs Islamophobic conspiracy theories on social media. NBC新闻. April 16, 2019. (原始内容存档于April 16, 2019). 
  2. ^ Gais, Hannah. Hate Groups and Racist Pundits Spew COVID-19 Misinformation on Social Media Despite Companies' Pledges to Combat It. 南方贫困法律中心. April 17, 2020 [2022-10-02]. (原始内容存档于October 4, 2022) (英语). white nationalist YouTuber and self-proclaimed philosopher Stefan Molyneux 
  3. ^ YouTube bans prominent white supremacist channels. BBC News. 2020-06-30 [2020-08-28] (英国英语). 
  4. ^ Veilleux-Lepage, Y.; Daymon, C.; Amarasingam, A. The Christchurch attack report: Key takeaways on Tarrant's radicalization and attack planning.. ICCT Perspective (The Hague: International Centre for Counter-Terrorism). 2020 [March 16, 2022]. (原始内容存档于February 1, 2023). 
  5. ^ YouTube removes three prominent white supremacist channels . The Independent. 30 June 2020. (原始内容存档于May 24, 2022). 
  6. ^ Alexander, Julia. YouTube bans Stefan Molyneux, David Duke, Richard Spencer, and more for hate speech. The Verge. 2020-06-29 [2020-08-28]. (原始内容存档于August 28, 2020) (英语). 
  7. ^ Pace, Brian A.; Devenot, Neşe. Right-Wing Psychedelia: Case Studies in Cultural Plasticity and Political Pluripotency. Frontiers in Psychology. 10 December 2021, 12: 733185. ISSN 1664-1078. PMC 8717779 . PMID 34975622. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.733185 . 
  8. ^ Stefan Molyneux. 南方贫困法律中心. (原始内容存档于March 24, 2019). 
  9. ^ Beery, Zoë. How YouTube reactionaries are breaking the news media. Columbia Journalism Review英语Columbia Journalism Review. 哥伦比亚大学新闻学院. February 14, 2019. (原始内容存档于February 15, 2019). 
  10. ^ Lewis, Rebecca. Alternative Influence. Data & Society Research Institute. 2018-09-18: 37 [2018-09-19]. (原始内容存档于2018-09-18) (美国英语). In his YouTube videos, Molyneux openly promotes scientific racism, advocates for the men's rights movement, critiques initiatives devoted to gender equity, and promotes white supremacist conspiracy theories focused on 'White Genocide' and 'The Great Replacement.' 
  11. ^ Evans, Gavin. The unwelcome revival of 'race science'. 卫报. March 2, 2018. (原始内容存档于February 20, 2019). 
  12. ^ Winter, Aaron. Online Hate: From the Far-Right to the 'Alt-Right' and from the Margins to the Mainstream. Lumsden, Karen; Harmer, Emily (编). Online Othering (PDF). Palgrave Studies in Cybercrime and Cybersecurity. Palgrave Macmillan. 2019: 39–63 [June 30, 2021]. ISBN 978-3030126322. LCCN 2019930706. S2CID 159264406. doi:10.1007/978-3-030-12633-9_2. (原始内容存档于January 14, 2021) (英语). 
  13. ^ Alt-right blogger Stefan Molyneux says lipstick should be banned in workplace. 新西兰先驱报. 2019-08-11 [2021-08-31]. (原始内容存档于August 31, 2021) (New Zealand English). 
  14. ^ [8][9][10][11][12][13]
  15. ^ Gurley, Lauren Kaori. PayPal Bans YouTuber Who Thinks Non-White People Are a Separate Species. Vice. November 6, 2019 [November 7, 2019]. (原始内容存档于August 5, 2020) (英语). 
  16. ^ Crowley, James. PayPal to cut off donations to right-wing YouTuber Stefan Molyneux following social media divestment campaign. Newsweek. November 5, 2019 [November 8, 2019]. (原始内容存档于January 3, 2021). 
  17. ^ A prominent far-right commentator has been banned from sending his own newsletter. Indy100. 15 January 2020 [January 22, 2020]. (原始内容存档于June 30, 2020). 
  18. ^ Alexander, Julia. YouTube bans Stefan Molyneux, David Duke, Richard Spencer, and more for hate speech. The Verge. June 29, 2020 [June 30, 2020]. (原始内容存档于August 28, 2020). 
  19. ^ Twitter Suspends White Nationalist Stefan Molyneux. ScreenRant. 2020-07-08 [2020-07-10]. (原始内容存档于July 10, 2020) (美国英语). 
  20. ^ 20.0 20.1 Roose, Kevin. The Making of a YouTube Radical. 纽约时报. 2019-06-08 [2019-06-08]. ISSN 0362-4331. (原始内容存档于2019-06-09) (美国英语). 
  21. ^ Schreckinger, Ben. Trump's Troll Army Isn't Ready for War in Syria. 政客 (媒体). April 7, 2017 [August 10, 2017]. (原始内容存档于2017-08-10). 
  22. ^ McCullough, J. J. Canada's obsession with American politics is nothing to apologize for. 华盛顿邮报. March 10, 2017 [August 10, 2017]. (原始内容 存档于2017-08-16). 
  23. ^ McDermott, Nathan; Kaczynski, Andrew; Massie, Chris. Rep. Steve King appeared on podcast frequented by white nationalists. 有线电视新闻网. November 30, 2018 [2018-12-02]. (原始内容存档于2018-12-02). 
  24. ^ Clements, Tom. I fell down the rabbit hole of alt-right propaganda and this is what I learned. 独立报 (英国). 4 September 2019. (原始内容存档于24 September 2019). 
  25. ^ Author Stefan Molyneux To Russia, with love. The Mississauga News (Mississauga, Ontario). June 1, 2003: Arts & Entertainment: 15 [June 18, 2014]. ISSN 0834-6585. OCLC 290997481. (原始内容存档于2018-06-13) –通过NewsBank (Access World News). Molyneux is an Irish-born author who grew up in England and Africa before coming to Canada 25 years ago. 
  26. ^ Burg, Robert. Their software keeps tabs on site data. Toronto Star, The (Ontario, Canada). May 26, 1997: Business: D1 [June 18, 2014]. (原始内容存档于2018-09-28) –通过NewsBank (Access World News). 
  27. ^ Blue292 acquires Caribou Systems (新闻稿). Durham, NC: Blue292. January 28, 2002 [June 6, 2014]. (原始内容存档于August 2, 2003).