單倍群D-M174(英語:Haplogroup D-M174)又名D1(ISOGG 2019),是人類Y染色體DNA單倍群之一,與單倍群D2源於單倍群D。

單倍群D-M174
起源時間5萬[1]至6萬年前[2]
共祖年代{{{TMRCA}}}
起源地亞洲(可是是東南亞或者中亞[3]
上游單倍群D-CTS3946
下游單倍群D-M15、D-M55、D-P99
對應突變M174、IMS-JST021355、PAGES00003

起源與分佈 編輯

單倍群D1於距今約6萬年前首次出現於亞洲(可能是東南亞或者中亞)。[2][4]

單倍群D1主要在藏族日本人阿伊努人安達曼人中高頻分佈,此外也見於其他東亞東南亞中亞民族。該單倍群的主要支系包括D-M15、D-P47、D-M64.1等。其中,M15主要見於藏族瑤族彝族等人群[2][5][6][7][8],P47常見於藏族納西族普米族[2],而M64.1(M55)則為日本所特有,包括阿伊努族大和族琉球族等。[9][10]

系統樹 編輯

以下系統樹基於ISOGG2019年6月19日版本(ver.14.106)[11]


人類Y染色體DNA單倍型類群進化樹

Y染色體最近共同祖先
A
A1b A1a-T
A1a A2-T
A2 A3 BT
B CT
DE CF
D E C F
G H IJK
IJ K
I J LT K(xLT)
L T M NO P S
O N Q R

各族群Y染色體單倍型類群 · 著名的Y染色體單倍型類群人

參考文獻 編輯

  1. ^ Y-DNA Haplogroup D-M174 and its Subclades - 2017. [2017-04-07]. (原始內容存檔於2017-05-28). 
  2. ^ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Shi H, Zhong H, Peng Y, et al. Y chromosome evidence of earliest modern human settlement in East Asia and multiple origins of Tibetan and Japanese populations. BMC Biol. 2008, 6: 45 [2017-04-07]. PMC 2605740 . PMID 18959782. doi:10.1186/1741-7007-6-45. (原始內容存檔於2011-10-25). 
  3. ^ Vicente M. Cabrera (2017). "Carriers of mitochondrial DNA macrohaplogroup L3 (and DE) basic lineages migrated back to Africa from Asia around 70,000 years ago". bioRxiv 233502.
  4. ^ Karafet TM, Mendez FL, Meilerman MB, Underhill PA, Zegura SL, Hammer MF. New binary polymorphisms reshape and increase resolution of the human Y chromosomal haplogroup tree. Genome Research. 2008, 18 (5): 830–8 [2017-04-07]. PMC 2336805 . PMID 18385274. doi:10.1101/gr.7172008. (原始內容存檔於2008-06-07). 
  5. ^ Xue, Y.; Zerjal, T; Bao, W; Zhu, S; Shu, Q; Xu, J; Du, R; Fu, S; et al. Male Demography in East Asia: A North-South Contrast in Human Population Expansion Times. Genetics. 2005, 172 (4): 2431–9. PMC 1456369 . PMID 16489223. doi:10.1534/genetics.105.054270. 
  6. ^ Wang, Chuan-Chao, Ling-Xiang Wang, Rukesh Shrestha, Manfei Zhang, Xiu-Yuan Huang, Kang Hu, Li Jin, and Hui Li. "Genetic Structure of Qiangic Populations Residing in the Western Sichuan Corridor." PloS one,2014 9(8): e103772.
  7. ^ Wen Bo; Xie Xuanhua; Gao Song; et al. Analyses of Genetic Structure of Tibeto-Burman Populations Reveals Sex-Biased Admixture in Southern Tibeto-Burmans. American Journal of Human Genetics. 2004, 74 (856–865): 2004. PMC 1181980 . PMID 15042512. doi:10.1086/386292. 
  8. ^ Cai, X; Qin, Z; Wen, B; Xu, S; Wang, Y; et al. Human Migration through Bottlenecks from Southeast Asia into East Asia during Last Glacial Maximum Revealed by Y Chromosomes. PLoS ONE. 2011, 6 (8): e24282. PMC 3164178 . PMID 21904623. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0024282. 
  9. ^ Tajima, Atsushi; et al. Genetic origins of the Ainu inferred from combined DNA analyses of maternal and paternal lineages. Journal of Human Genetics. 2004, 49 (4): 187–193. PMID 14997363. doi:10.1007/s10038-004-0131-x. 
  10. ^ YOUICHI SATO, TOSHIKATSU SHINKA, ASHRAF A. EWIS, AIKO YAMAUCHI, TERUAKI IWAMOTO, YUTAKA NAKAHORI Overview of genetic variation in the Y chromosome of modern Japanese males.頁面存檔備份,存於互聯網檔案館
  11. ^ Y-DNA Haplogroup D and its Subclades - 2019. [2020-10-11]. (原始內容存檔於2019-10-11). 
  12. ^ Y-DNA Haplogroup D and its Subclades - 2014. [2017-04-07]. (原始內容存檔於2017-05-28).