單倍群D-M174
單倍群D-M174（英語：Haplogroup D-M174）又名D1（ISOGG 2019），是人類Y染色體DNA單倍群之一，與單倍群D2源於單倍群D。
| 單倍群D-M174 | |
|---|---|
.png) | |
| 起源時間 | 5萬[1]至6萬年前[2] |
| 共祖年代 | {{{TMRCA}}} |
| 起源地 | 亞洲（可是是東南亞或者中亞）[3] |
| 上游單倍群 | D-CTS3946 |
| 下游單倍群 | D-M15、D-M55、D-P99 |
| 對應突變 | M174、IMS-JST021355、PAGES00003 |
起源與分佈
編輯單倍群D1於距今約6萬年前首次出現於亞洲（可能是東南亞或者中亞）。[2][4]
單倍群D1主要在藏族、日本人、阿伊努人、安達曼人中高頻分佈，此外也見於其他東亞、東南亞與中亞民族。該單倍群的主要支系包括D-M15、D-P47、D-M64.1等。其中，M15主要見於藏族、瑤族、彝族等人群[2][5][6][7][8]，P47常見於藏族、納西族、普米族等[2]，而M64.1（M55）則為日本所特有，包括阿伊努族、大和族、琉球族等。[9][10]
系統樹
編輯以下系統樹基於ISOGG2019年6月19日版本（ver.14.106）[11]
- DE (YAP)
| Y染色體最近共同祖先 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| A | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| A1b | A1a-T | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| A1a | A2-T | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| A2 | A3 | BT | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| B | CT | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| DE | CF | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| D | E | C | F | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| G | H | IJK | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| IJ | K | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| I | J | LT | K(xLT) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| L | T | M | NO | P | S | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| O | N | Q | R | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
參考文獻
編輯- ^ Y-DNA Haplogroup D-M174 and its Subclades - 2017. [2017-04-07]. （原始內容存檔於2017-05-28）.
- ^ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Shi H, Zhong H, Peng Y, et al. Y chromosome evidence of earliest modern human settlement in East Asia and multiple origins of Tibetan and Japanese populations. BMC Biol. 2008, 6: 45 [2017-04-07]. PMC 2605740
. PMID 18959782. doi:10.1186/1741-7007-6-45. （原始內容存檔於2011-10-25）.
- ^ Vicente M. Cabrera (2017). "Carriers of mitochondrial DNA macrohaplogroup L3 (and DE) basic lineages migrated back to Africa from Asia around 70,000 years ago". bioRxiv 233502.
- ^ Karafet TM, Mendez FL, Meilerman MB, Underhill PA, Zegura SL, Hammer MF. New binary polymorphisms reshape and increase resolution of the human Y chromosomal haplogroup tree. Genome Research. 2008, 18 (5): 830–8 [2017-04-07]. PMC 2336805 . PMID 18385274. doi:10.1101/gr.7172008. （原始內容存檔於2008-06-07）.
- ^ Xue, Y.; Zerjal, T; Bao, W; Zhu, S; Shu, Q; Xu, J; Du, R; Fu, S; et al. Male Demography in East Asia: A North-South Contrast in Human Population Expansion Times. Genetics. 2005, 172 (4): 2431–9. PMC 1456369 . PMID 16489223. doi:10.1534/genetics.105.054270.
- ^ Wang, Chuan-Chao, Ling-Xiang Wang, Rukesh Shrestha, Manfei Zhang, Xiu-Yuan Huang, Kang Hu, Li Jin, and Hui Li. "Genetic Structure of Qiangic Populations Residing in the Western Sichuan Corridor." PloS one,2014 9(8): e103772.
- ^ Wen Bo; Xie Xuanhua; Gao Song; et al. Analyses of Genetic Structure of Tibeto-Burman Populations Reveals Sex-Biased Admixture in Southern Tibeto-Burmans. American Journal of Human Genetics. 2004, 74 (856–865): 2004. PMC 1181980 . PMID 15042512. doi:10.1086/386292.
- ^ Cai, X; Qin, Z; Wen, B; Xu, S; Wang, Y; et al. Human Migration through Bottlenecks from Southeast Asia into East Asia during Last Glacial Maximum Revealed by Y Chromosomes. PLoS ONE. 2011, 6 (8): e24282. PMC 3164178 . PMID 21904623. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0024282.
- ^ Tajima, Atsushi; et al. Genetic origins of the Ainu inferred from combined DNA analyses of maternal and paternal lineages. Journal of Human Genetics. 2004, 49 (4): 187–193. PMID 14997363. doi:10.1007/s10038-004-0131-x.
- ^ YOUICHI SATO, TOSHIKATSU SHINKA, ASHRAF A. EWIS, AIKO YAMAUCHI, TERUAKI IWAMOTO, YUTAKA NAKAHORI Overview of genetic variation in the Y chromosome of modern Japanese males. （頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館）
- ^ Y-DNA Haplogroup D and its Subclades - 2019. [2020-10-11]. （原始內容存檔於2019-10-11）.
- ^ Y-DNA Haplogroup D and its Subclades - 2014. [2017-04-07]. （原始內容存檔於2017-05-28）.
