西閃米特語支

西閃米特語
西閃米特語
地理分佈	中東和東非
譜系學分類	亞非語系閃米特語族西閃米特語; ;
分支	中閃米特語支南閃米特語支
	–
Glottolog	west2786

西閃米特語支是一個閃米特語族的分支。1883年，Fritz Hommel首先提出了這一分類單元。^[2]^[3]^[4]一些閃米特學家，如羅伯特·赫特佐恩（英語：Robert Hetzron）等把閃米特語族分成東閃米特語支和西部閃米特語支。^[5]^[6]

西閃米特語支包含：東南閃米特語支、古南阿拉伯語、埃塞俄比亞語支、阿拉伯語、西北閃米特語支（包含希伯來語、阿拉米語、已滅絕的亞摩利語和烏加里特語）。^[6]

東閃米特語支則包含已滅絕的埃勃拉語和阿卡德語。^[7]

埃塞俄比亞語支和南阿拉伯語擁有一些共同特徵，常統一划為南閃米特語支。^[6]阿拉伯語和其他閃米特語族語言的分類關係存在爭議。^{[來源請求]}在較老的分類中，其常劃入南閃米特語支。^[8]然而Hetzron和Huehnergard認為阿拉伯語更接近西北閃米特語支，構成中閃米特語支。^[6]一些閃米特學家基於破碎複數的區別特徵繼續堅持較老的分類，也有人認為伊特拉塞浦路斯語是一種分佈在塞浦路斯的西北閃米特語。^{[來源請求]}

參考

^ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin; Bank, Sebastian (編). West Semitic. Glottolog 2.7. Jena: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History. 2016.
^ The Semitic Languages: An International Handbook, Chapter V, page 425
^ Aaron D. Rubin. The subgrouping of the Semitic languages. Language and Linguistics Compass (Blackwell Publishing Ltd). 2008, 2 (1): 61–84. doi:10.1111/j.1749-818x.2007.00044.x. P. Haupt (1878) first recognized that the qatala past tense found in West Semitic was an innovation, and that the Akkadian prefixed past tense must be archaic. It was F. Hommel, however, who recognized the implications of this for the subgrouping of Semitic; cf. Hommel(1883: 63, 442; 1892: 92–97; 1926: 75–82).
^ Fritz Hommel, Die semitischen Volker und Sprachen als erster Versuch einer Encyclopadie der semitischen Sprach- und Alterthums-Wissenschaft, (1883)
^ Hoftijzer, Jacob; Kooij, Gerrit Van der. The Balaam Text from Deir ʻAlla Re-evaluated: Proceedings of the International Symposium Held at Leiden, 21-24 August 1989. January 1991. ISBN 9004093176.
^ ^6.0 ^6.1 ^6.2 ^6.3 Huehnergard, John; Pat-El, Na』ama. The Semitic Languages. Routledge. 2013-10-08: 6 [2022-12-16]. ISBN 978-1-136-11580-6. （原始內容存檔於2022-09-20）（英語）.
^ Weninger, Stefan. The Semitic Languages: An International Handbook. Walter de Gruyter. 2011-12-23: 2 [2022-12-16]. ISBN 978-3-11-025158-6. （原始內容存檔於2022-09-22）（英語）.
^ Huehnergard, John; Pat-El, Na』ama. The Semitic Languages. Routledge. 2013-10-08: 5 [2022-12-16]. ISBN 978-1-136-11580-6. （原始內容存檔於2022-09-20）（英語）.

資料

Alice Faber, "Genetic Subgrouping of the Semitic Languages", in Hetzron, ed., 2013, The Semitic Languages, Routledge.

外部連結

[Glottolog-1] Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin; Bank, Sebastian (編). West Semitic. Glottolog 2.7. Jena: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History. 2016.

[Handbook-2] The Semitic Languages: An International Handbook, Chapter V, page 425

[3] Aaron D. Rubin. The subgrouping of the Semitic languages. Language and Linguistics Compass (Blackwell Publishing Ltd). 2008, 2 (1): 61–84. doi:10.1111/j.1749-818x.2007.00044.x. P. Haupt (1878) first recognized that the qatala past tense found in West Semitic was an innovation, and that the Akkadian prefixed past tense must be archaic. It was F. Hommel, however, who recognized the implications of this for the subgrouping of Semitic; cf. Hommel(1883: 63, 442; 1892: 92–97; 1926: 75–82).

[4] Fritz Hommel, Die semitischen Volker und Sprachen als erster Versuch einer Encyclopadie der semitischen Sprach- und Alterthums-Wissenschaft, (1883)

[5] Hoftijzer, Jacob; Kooij, Gerrit Van der. The Balaam Text from Deir ʻAlla Re-evaluated: Proceedings of the International Symposium Held at Leiden, 21-24 August 1989. January 1991. ISBN 9004093176.

[:0-6] 6.0 ^6.1 ^6.2 ^6.3 Huehnergard, John; Pat-El, Na』ama. The Semitic Languages. Routledge. 2013-10-08: 6 [2022-12-16]. ISBN 978-1-136-11580-6. （原始內容存檔於2022-09-20）（英語）.

[7] Weninger, Stefan. The Semitic Languages: An International Handbook. Walter de Gruyter. 2011-12-23: 2 [2022-12-16]. ISBN 978-3-11-025158-6. （原始內容存檔於2022-09-22）（英語）.

[8] Huehnergard, John; Pat-El, Na』ama. The Semitic Languages. Routledge. 2013-10-08: 5 [2022-12-16]. ISBN 978-1-136-11580-6. （原始內容存檔於2022-09-20）（英語）.

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