體化認知
體化認知(英語:Embodied cognition ),又稱為體現的認知、具身認知,是一種認知理論,該理論認為無論是人類還是其他生物,其多數認知特徵是由生物體全身的各方面所塑造而成。 認知特徵包括高級的心理產物(例如概念和範疇)以及在各種認知任務(如推理或判斷)中的表現。而身體方面則包括運動系統、知覺系統 ,身體與環境的相互作用( 情境性 ),以及根據生物體結構來設想這個世界。
體化心靈的論點對如認知主義、計算主義和笛卡爾二元論等其他理論發起了挑戰[1] [2],並且與外延心靈論 、情境式認知和生成主義密切相關。 其現代版本取決於多領域最新的研究見解,包括心理學、語言學、認知科學、動力學系統、人工智能、機械人學、動物認知、植物認知和神經生物學。
參見
編輯參考文獻
編輯- Brooks, Rodney A. (1999). Cambrian Intelligence: The Early History of the New AI. Cambridge MA: The MIT Press. ISBN 0-262-52263-2
- Clark, Andy (1997). Being There: Putting Brain, Body and World Together Again. Cambridge MA: The MIT Press. ISBN 0-262-53156-9
- Damasio, Antonio (1999). The Feeling of What Happens: Body and Emotion in the Making of Consciousness. New York: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. ISBN 0-15-601075-5
- 傑拉爾德·埃德爾曼 (2004). Wider than the Sky: The Phenomenal Gift of Consciousness. Yale University Press. ISBN 0-300-10229-1
- Gallagher, S. (2005). How the Body Shapes the Mind. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-920416-0.
- Hendriks-Jansen, Horst (1996) Catching Ourselves in the Act: Situated Activity, Interactive Emergence, Evolution, and Human Thought. Cambridge MA: The MIT Press. ISBN 0-262-08246-2
- Hyun, J. S.; Luck, S. J. Visual working memory as the substrate for mental rotation. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review. 2007, 14 (1): 154–158. PMID 17546746. doi:10.3758/bf03194043.
- Lakoff, George and Johnson, Mark (1980) Metaphors We Live By. University of Chicago Press. ISBN 0-226-46801-1
- Lakoff, George (1987) Women, Fire, and Dangerous Things: What Categories Reveal About the Mind University of Chicago Press. ISBN 0-226-46804-6.
- Lakoff, George and Turner, Mark (1989) More Than Cool Reason: A Field Guide to Poetic Metaphor. University of Chicago Press. ISBN 0-226-46812-7
- Lakoff, George and Johnson, Mark (1999) Philosophy In The Flesh: the Embodied Mind and its Challenge to Western Thought. Basic Books. ISBN 0-465-05674-1
- Lakoff, George and Nuñez, Rafael. (2001). Where Mathematics Comes From: How the Embodied Mind Brings Mathematics into Being. New York: Basic Books. ISBN 0-465-03771-2
- Maturana, Humberto and Varela, Francisco (1987) The Tree of Knowledge: The Biological Roots of Human Understanding. Boston: Shambhala. ISBN 0-87773-373-2
- Pfeifer, R. (2001) Understanding Intelligence. Cambridge MA: The MIT Press. ISBN 0-262-16181-8
- Pfeifer, R. and Bongard, J. (2006) How the Body Shapes the Way We Think: A New View of Intelligence. Cambridge MA: The MIT Press. ISBN 978-0-262-16239-5
- Varela, Francisco J., Thompson, Evan T., and Rosch, Eleanor. (1991). The Embodied Mind: Cognitive Science and Human Experience. Cambridge, Massachusetts: The MIT Press. ISBN 0-262-72021-3
- Greeno, J.G; Moore, J.L. Situativity and symbols: Response to Vera and Simon. Cognitive Science. 1993, 17: 49–59. doi:10.1207/s15516709cog1701_3.
- Wilson, M. (2001). The case for sensorimotor coding in working memory (頁面存檔備份,存於互聯網檔案館). Psychonomic Bulletin and Review, *, 44–57.
外部連結
編輯- The Situated Body (頁面存檔備份,存於互聯網檔案館), a special issue of Janus Head: Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies in Literature, Continental Philosophy, Phenomenological Psychology and the Arts. Guest edited by Shaun Gallagher.
- Embodiment and Experientialism from the Handbook of Cognitive Linguistics (pdf)
- Embodied Cognition: A Field Guide (pdf) – from an Artificial Intelligence perspective
- Where the Action Is (頁面存檔備份,存於互聯網檔案館) by Paul Dourish- for applications to human-computer interaction.
- Pragmatism, Ideology, and Embodiment: William James and the Philosophical Foundations of Embodiment by Tim Rohrer
- Society for the Scientific Study of Embodiment (頁面存檔備份,存於互聯網檔案館)
- Embodied Cognition – Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy (頁面存檔備份,存於互聯網檔案館)
- 2001 Summary of how the embodiment hypothesis of cognitive linguistics has begun to interact with theories of embodiment in fields ranging from cognitive anthropology to cognitive neuroscience
- Goddard College's Embodiment Studies Web Resources
- Embodiment Resources – for those researching into embodiment, particularly as it relates to phenomenology, sociology and cognitive neuroscience. (頁面存檔備份,存於互聯網檔案館)
- EUCog – European Network for the Advancement of Artificial Cognitive Systems, Interaction and Robotics (頁面存檔備份,存於互聯網檔案館) Many references here to up to date research on embodiment and enaction