哈德逊湾公司
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哈德逊湾公司(英语:Hudson's Bay Company,HBC;法语:Compagnie de la Baie d'Hudson),旧译乞臣比公司[4]或乞慎比公司,又称海湾百货公司(英文:The Bay;法文:La Baie)[5],于1670年注册成立,是北美最早成立的商业股份公司,也是全世界最早成立的公司之一。现在总部位于加拿大安大略省多伦多布兰普顿[6]。旗下公司主要经营零售业,子公司有哈得逊湾、Home Outfitters、罗德与泰勒、萨克斯第五大道。
哈德逊湾公司 Hudson's Bay Company Compagnie de la Baie d'Hudson | |
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公司类型 | 上市公司[1] |
股票代号 | TSX:HBC |
成立 | ![]() |
创办人 | 皮埃尔-艾斯普利特·拉迪逊 ![]() |
代表人物 | Richard Baker,CEO Bonnie Brooks,副董事[2] Liz Rodbell, 哈得逊湾的总裁[2][3] |
总部 | ![]() |
产业 | 零售、retail sale in non-specialised stores、贸易 ![]() |
营业额 | ▲ $52.23亿 加拿大元 (2014) |
总资产 | ▲ $79.43亿 加拿大元 (2014) |
所有权者 | NRDC Equity Partners |
员工人数 | 70,000 ![]() |
主要部门 | 哈得逊湾、Home Outfitters、罗德与泰勒、萨克斯第五大道 |
母公司 | NRDC Equity Partners |
网站 | hbc.com |
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Hudsonsbayco.jpg/200px-Hudsonsbayco.jpg)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Wpdms_ruperts_land.jpg/200px-Wpdms_ruperts_land.jpg)
历史
编辑公司曾是全世界最大的地主,其鲁珀特地占据了北美洲的大片土地。公司总部的旧址设于哈德森湾畔的约克工场,而公司多年来从此处控制着英属北美地区绝大部分的皮草贸易。该公司同时也承担了早期北美大陆的开发探索,在欧属殖民地建立前曾经是北美部分地区的实际政府架构。它的商人与捕兽人与许多当地土著人部落建立了合作关系,而它的驿站网络后来也逐渐演变成加拿大与美国西部部分地区的官方架构。
哈德森湾公司于1869年11月19日将鲁珀特领地出售给当时新组建的加拿大自治领,而加拿大政府则于1870年7月15日正式接管该片土地。随着其皮毛贸易垄断地位被取消,公司进入了商品市场,在加拿大西部销售生活必需品给新移民。今天,公司成为全加拿大最著名的百货公司。哈德逊湾公司档案馆坐落在加拿大曼尼多巴省的温尼伯。
2006年1月26日,哈德逊湾公司董事会一致同意了Jerry Zucker的每股$15.25的竞标(原价为每股$14.24),结束了长久以来公司与这位南加州亿万富翁股东的争执。2006年3月9日的新闻发布会中,HBC公布了Jerry Zucker会代替George Heller成为新的董事长与CEO,他成为了公司第一位美国高管。
2007年,哈德逊湾公司的纪录成为联合国教科文组织下《世界记忆项目》的一部分。此纪录包含了公司从1670年成立以来的历史。还包含了交易纪录、病历、员工个人日记、库存纪录、公司报告等。HBC公司纪录被认为是近代历史上最早的纪录之一。
2015年6月16日,哈德森湾公司以33.6亿加元(28亿欧元)向德国麦德龙收购德国103间Galeria Kaufhof连锁店及其位于科隆的总部,还有16间Sportarena连锁店、旗下16间Galeria Inno比利时连锁店、物流中心、仓库及其他物业。
参见
编辑参考资料
编辑- ^ "Hudson’s Bay Co. to go public again (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)." Toronto Star Retrieved on 25 October 2012.
- ^ 2.0 2.1 HBC Press Release (PDF). 18 June 2013 [20 August 2013]. (原始内容 (PDF)存档于2013-10-19).
- ^ Palmieri, Jean E. Hudson's Bay Co. Fetes Liz Rodbell. WWD. 7 February 2014 [7 February 2014]. (原始内容存档于2015-10-15).
- ^ 《大漢公報》1947年2月1日廣告. [2010年4月5日]. (原始内容存档于2014年1月29日).
- ^ Shaw, Hollie. The Bay gets a new logo for first time in almost 50 years. Financial Post. 6 March 2013 [20 August 2013]. (原始内容存档于2015-03-29).
- ^ "Contacts (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)." Hudson's Bay Company. Retrieved on 7 July 2010.
延伸阅读
编辑- Bryce, George. The Remarkable History of Hudson's Bay Company. New York: B. Franklin. 1968 [2020-06-27]. (原始内容存档于2022-03-08).
- Buss, Helen M, Undelivered Letters to Hudson's Bay Company Men on the Northwest Coast, University of British Columbia Press, 2003 [2020-06-27], ISBN 978-0-7748-0973-3, (原始内容存档于2021-10-22)
- The Beaver: Exploring Canada's History. Periodical. An Illustrated Canadian History Magazine Published by the HBC 1920 – 1994. By CNHS Since 1994 (Winnipeg). 1920.
- Cowie, Isaac. The Company of Adventurers: a Narrative of Seven Years in the Service of the Hudson's Bay Company during 1867–1874, on the Great Buffalo Plains. Toronto: William Briggs. 1913.
- Dillon, Richard H. Siskiyou Trail: Hudson's Bay Company Route to California. New York: McGraw-Hill. 2012 [1975]. ISBN 978-1-6180-9063-8.
- Elle, Andra-Warner, Hudson's Bay Company Adventures: The Rollicking Saga of Canada's Fur Traders, Heritage House, 2009 [2020-06-27], ISBN 978-1-894974-68-4, (原始内容存档于2022-03-08)
- Gibson, James R. (编). “Opposition on the Coast”: The Hudson’s Bay Company, American Coasters, the Russian-American Company, and Native Traders on the Northwest Coast, 1825-1846. 2019 (英语).
- Hearne, Samuel. A Journey from Prince of Wales's Fort in Hudson's Bay, to the Northern Ocean. London: A. Strahan and T. Cadell Publishers. 1795 [2020-06-27]. (原始内容存档于2022-03-09). – 2011 reprint: A Journey to the Northern Ocean: The Adventures of Samuel Hearne载于Google图书
- Laut, Agnes C. The Conquest of the Great Northwest. New York: Outing Publishing. 1908.
- MacKay, Douglas. The Honourable Company: A History of the Hudson's Bay Company. Indianapolis: Bobbs-Merrill. 1936.
- Maurice, Edward Beauclerk. The Last of the Gentleman Adventurers. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Co. 2006 [2004] [2020-06-27]. ISBN 978-0-5477-5432-1. (原始内容存档于2020-11-02).
- Murray, Alexander Hunter. Expedition to Build a Hudson's Bay Company Post on the Yukon, 1847–48. 1848.
- Newman, Peter C. Company of Adventurers, Vol. I . Markham, Ontario: Viking, Penguin Books of Canada. 1985. ISBN 978-0-6708-0379-8.
- Newman, Peter C. Caesars of the Wilderness: Company of Adventurers, Vol. II. Markham, Ontario: Viking, Penguin Books of Canada. 1987. ISBN 978-0-6708-0967-7.
- Newman, Peter C. Empire of the Bay: An Illustrated History of the Hudson's Bay Company. Markham, Ontario: Viking, Penguin Books of Canada. 1989. ISBN 978-0-6708-2969-9.
- Newman, Peter C. Merchant Princes: Company of Adventurers, Vol. III. Markham, Ontario: Viking, Penguin Books of Canada. 1991. ISBN 978-0-6708-4098-4.
- Newman, Peter C. An Illustrated History of the Hudson's Bay Company (Previously published as Empire of the Bay). Toronto: Penguin Canada/Madison Press. 2002. ISBN 978-0-6708-2969-9.
- Newman, Peter C. Company of Adventurers: How the Hudson's Bay Empire Determined the Destiny of a Continent. Toronto: Penguin Canada. 2005. ISBN 978-0-1430-5147-3.
- Opp, James. Branding 'the Bay/la Baie': Corporate Identity, the Hudson's Bay Company, and the Burden of History in the 1960s.. Canadian Historical Review. 2015, 96 (2): 223–256. doi:10.3138/chr.2675.
- Reed, Charles B. Masters of the Wilderness. Chicago Historical Society, University of Chicago Press. 1914.
- Rich, Edwin Ernest. The History of the Hudson's Bay Company, 1670 – 1870. Volume I.: 1670–1763. Hudson's Bay Record Society. 1958.
- Rich, Edwin Ernest. The History of the Hudson's Bay Company, 1670 – 1870. Volume II.: 1763–1870. Hudson's Bay Record Society. 1959.
- Rich, Edwin Ernest. Montreal and the Fur Trade. Beatty Memorial Lectures reprint. Montreal: McGill-Queen's University Press. 1966. ISBN 978-0-7735-9431-9.
- Rich, Edwin Ernest. The Fur Trade and the Northwest to 1857 . Toronto: McClelland & Stewart. 1967.
- Simmons, Deidre. Keepers of the Record: The History of the Hudson's Bay Company Archives. Montreal: McGill-Queen's University Press. 2007 [2020-06-27]. ISBN 978-0-7735-3291-5. (原始内容存档于2020-11-07).
- Tichenor, Harold. The Blanket: An Illustrated History of the Hudson's Bay Point Blanket. Toronto: Quantum Books for Hudson's Bay Company. 2002. ISBN 978-1-8958-9220-8.
- Van Kirk, Sylvia. Many Tender Ties: Women in the Fur- Trade Society, 1670–1870. Winnipeg: Watson & Dwyer. 1999 [1980]. ISBN 978-1-8962-3951-4. – 1983 edition: Many Tender Ties: Women in the Fur- Trade Society, 1670–1870载于Google图书
- Van Kirk, Sylvia. The Role of Native Women in the Fur Trade Society of Western Canada, 1670–1830. Frontiers: A Journal of Women Studies. 1984, 7 (3): 9–13. JSTOR 3346234. doi:10.2307/3346234.
- Van Kirk, Sylvia. The Role of Native Women in the Fur Trade Society of Western Canada, 1670–1830. Strong-Boag, Veronica; Fellman, Anita Clair (编). Rethinking Canada: The Promise of Women's History 2nd. Toronto: Copp Clark Pitman. 1991. ISBN 978-0-7730-5097-6.
- White, Bruce. M. The Woman who Married a Beaver: Trade Patterns and Gender Roles in the Ojibwa Fur Trade. Ethnohistory. Winter 1999, 46 (1): 109–147. JSTOR 483430.
- Willson, Beckles. The Great Company (1667–1871): A History of the Honourable Company of Merchants-adventurers Trading Into Hudson's Bay. London: Smith, Elder and Company. 1900 [2020-06-27]. (原始内容存档于2020-08-01). – Also: The Great Company, 1667–1871: Being a History of the Honourable Company of Merchants-Adventurers Trading into Hudson's Bay 载于Google图书
外部链接
编辑- Official website
- HBC Heritage website(页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
- Hudson's Bay Company Archives – held by the Government of Manitoba(页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
- Hudson's Bay Company的作品 - 古腾堡计划
- Hudson's Bay Company papers at the University of Oregon(页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
- The Other Side of the Ledger: An Indian View of the Hudson's Bay Company(页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
- The Canadian Encyclopedia, The Hudson's Bay Company(页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)