2021年度美國國防授權法
威廉·麥克萊倫·「麥克」·索恩貝里2021財年國防授權法案(英語:William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021,H.R.6395)[1]是一部美國聯邦法律,規定了2021財政年度美國國防部的預算、支出和政策。[2]該法案是為了紀念麥克·索恩貝里[3],他曾擔任美國眾議院軍事委員會主席和高級成員。[3][4]
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全名 | 批准2021財政年度國防部軍事活動、軍事建設和能源部國防活動撥款的法案,規定該財政年度的軍事人員實力和其他用途。 |
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立法機構 | 第116屆美國國會 |
立法歷程 | |
這項7400億美元的法案包括為美軍士兵加薪、美軍裝備現代化,以及在美軍從德國或阿富汗撤軍前需要更多審查的條款。美國總統唐納·川普曾威脅要否決這項法案,因為該法案沒有廢除1996年的一項立法以保護網際網路公司對第三方在其網站上發布的內容不承擔責任。該法案還包括一項條款,限制總統使用緊急命令來轉移軍事建設資金擴建美墨邊境牆。[5][6]法案中的另一項條款將要求美國國防部重新命名以南方邦聯人物命名的美軍基地。該法案還包含多項反洗錢條款,有效禁止匿名空殼公司。該法案也包含《美國半導體生產激勵措施法》(Creating Helpful Incentives to Produce Semiconductors for America(CHIPS)Act),獎勵在美國研發和製造半導體。
該法案於2020年12月11日在參眾兩院以無否決權的多數票獲得通過。12月23日,川普動用否決權否決了這項法案。參眾兩院分別在12月28日和2021年1月1日投票推翻否決權,這是川普總統任期內唯一一次否決權被推翻。[7]
參見
編輯參考資料
編輯- ^ H.R. 6395 (116th): National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 - Text. GovTrack. 2020-12-15 [2021-02-03]. (原始內容存檔於2021-05-19).
- ^ Donnelly, John M. Congress girds for possible veto override votes on defense bill. Roll Call. December 17, 2020 [December 23, 2020]. (原始內容存檔於2021-01-20).
- ^ 3.0 3.1 William M. “Mac” Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021. United States Senate Committee on Armed Services. 2020-12-03 [2021-01-02]. (原始內容存檔於2021-04-21).
- ^ Benning, Tom. Rep. Mac Thornberry becomes 6th Texas Republican in House to announce retirement ahead of 2020 election. Dallas News. 2019-09-30 [2021-01-03]. (原始內容存檔於2021-03-03) (英語).
- ^ Somin, Ilya. Congress Overrides Trump Veto of Defense Bill that Includes Tight Constraints on Use of "Emergency" Powers to Divert Military Construction Funds to the Border Wall and Other Projects. Reason.com. 2021-01-01 [2021-02-07]. (原始內容存檔於2021-02-28) (美國英語).
Section 2801 of the Act limits the president's ability to use "emergency" declarations to divert military construction funds to no more than $100 million per year for construction within the United States. This largely closes the loophole Trump tried to use to fund parts of his border wall project, using an emergency declaration he issued in 2019, thereby laying claim to some $3.6 billion.
- ^ Demirjian, Karoun. Bipartisan defense bill includes several rebukes of Trump’s record as commander in chief. Washington Post. [2021-02-07]. ISSN 0190-8286. (原始內容存檔於2021-02-24) (美國英語).
The bill contains several repudiations of Trump’s use of the military on the home front as well. It limits the amount of military construction funding that can be diverted to domestic projects via a national emergency order to an annual $100 million — a far cry from the $3.6 billion Trump attempted to divert to his border wall project in 2019. It sets a ceiling of $500 million for overseas projects.
- ^ Ewing, Philip. Congress Overturns Trump Veto On Defense Bill After Political Detour. NPR. 1 January 2021 [1 January 2021]. (原始內容存檔於2021-01-27).