维基百科

美国民主党的政治立场

美国民主党的政治纲领基本以美式自由主义为基础，这与共和党的保守主义形成鲜明对比。该党党内有较大的中间派（英语：New Democrats）[1][2][3][4]和进步派（英语：Progressivism in the United States）[5][6]，以及相对较小的保守派和社会主义派[7]。

民主党的政纲寻求推动社会福利（英语：Social programs in the United States）、工会、消费者保护、工作场所安全监管、机会平等、残障人士权利（英语：Disability rights movement）、种族平等（英语：Social equity）、防止环境污染立法及刑事司法改革（英语：Criminal justice reform in the United States）等。[8][9][10][11][12] 民主党倾向于支持堕胎权（英语：Abortion-rights movements）、LGBT平权及为非法移民提供获取公民身份的渠道；同时民主党人通常同意关于气候变化的科学观点并在外交事务采取多边主义。

经济议题

编辑

平等的就业机会（英语：Equal employment opportunity）、强健的社会安全网（英语：Social safety net）及强大的工会历来都是民主党经济政策的核心。[8] 该党支持混合经济[13]并普遍赞同累进税制、更高最低工资（英语：Minimum wage in the United States）、社会安全保险、全民医保、公共教育和公营住宅[8]。它还支持基础设施发展和清洁能源投资以促进经济发展和就业增长。[14] 而自1990年代开始，民主党也会偶尔支持中间派的削减政府规模和减少市场监管的经济改革。[15]

财政政策

编辑

民主党更加支持累进税率，通过确保美国最富裕的人群支付最高的税率来提供更多的服务和减少经济不平等。[16] 他们还支持增加政府支出（英语：Government spending）以提高社会服务开销，同时减少军事支出。[17] 他们反对削减社会服务支出，例如社会安全保险、医疗保险、医疗补助等，他们认为这会损害效率和社会正义。

最低工资

编辑

全民医保

编辑

公共教育

编辑

环境保护

编辑

清洁能源

编辑

贸易协定

编辑

社会议题

编辑

司法议题

编辑

外交议题

编辑

相关条目

编辑

参考资料

编辑
  1. ^ Molly Ball. No, Liberals Don't Control the Democratic Party. 大西洋. 2014-02-07 [2022-09-21]. （原始内容存档于2019-07-24） （英语）. 
  2. ^ Kevin Cirilli. Centrist Dems ready strike against Warren wing. 国会山报. 2015-03-02 [2022-09-21]. （原始内容存档于2022-11-08） （英语）. 
  3. ^ Nicole Gaudiano. Liberals seek 'ideological shift' in the Democratic Party. 今日美国报. 2016-11-09 [2022-09-21]. （原始内容存档于2017-11-07） （英语）. 
  4. ^ Eric Alterman. Why We're Liberals: A Political Handbook for Post-Bush America. Viking. 2008: 339 [2022-09-21]. ISBN 9780670018604 （英语）. Suffice to say that there has not been a huge swing away from the center since the 1970s. 
  5. ^ N. Scott Arnold. Imposing Values: Liberalism and Regulation 2nd Edition. 牛津大学出版社. 2009: 3. ISBN 9780199705290 （英语）. Modern liberalism occupies the left-of-center in the traditional political spectrum and is represented by the Democratic Party in the United States 
  6. ^ Paul Starr. Center-Left Liberalism. David Coates (编). The Oxford Companion to American Politics. 牛津大学出版社. 2012 [2022-09-21]. ISBN 9780199764310. （原始内容存档于2018-08-19） （英语）. 
  7. ^ Andrew Hanna; Taylor Gee. Could America’s Socialists Become the Tea Party of the Left?. 政客. 2017-10-01 [2022-09-21]. （原始内容存档于2022-12-06） （英语）. 
  8. ^ 8.0 8.1 8.2 Larry E. Sullivan. The SAGE Glossary of the Social and Behavioral Sciences. SAGE. 2009: 291 [2022-09-21]. ISBN 9781412951432 （英语）. This liberalism favors a generous welfare state and a greater measure of social and economic equality. Liberty thus exists when all citizens have access to basic necessities such as education, health care, and economic opportunities. 
  9. ^ John McGowan. American Liberalism: An Interpretation for Our Time. 北卡罗来纳大学出版社. 2007 [2022-09-21]. ISBN 9780807831717 （英语）. 
  10. ^ Paul Starr. War and Liberalism; Why power is not the enemy of freedom.. The New Republic. 2007-03-05 [2022-09-21]. （原始内容存档于2020-12-02） （英语）. Liberalism wagers that a state ... can be strong but constrained – strong because constrained. ... Rights to education and other requirements for human development and security aim to advance the opportunity and personal dignity of minorities and to promote a creative and productive society. To guarantee those rights, Democrats support a wider social and economic role for the state, counterbalanced by more robust guarantees of civil liberties and a wider social system of checks and balances anchored in an independent press and pluralistic society. 
  11. ^ Hugo Helco. Sidney M. Milkis; Jerome M. Mileur , 编. The Great Society and the High Tide of Liberalism. 马萨诸塞大学出版社. 2005: 58. ISBN 9781558494947 （英语）. In (the 1970s) the American government began telling Americans what they could and could not do with regard to abortions, capital punishment, and bilingual education. The 1970s also brought new and more sweeping national regulations to deal with environmental challenges, consumer protection, workplace safety, gender discrimination, the rights of those with disabilities, and political spending. 
  12. ^ 2016 Democratic Party Platform. UCSB. The American Presidency Project. 2016-07-21 [2022-09-21]. （原始内容存档于2022-11-11） （英语）. 
  13. ^ Jonah D. Levy (编). The State After Statism: New State Activities in the Age of Liberalization. 剑桥: 哈佛大学出版社. 2006: 198. ISBN 9780674022775 （英语）. In the corporate governance area, the center-left repositioned itself to press for reform. The Democratic Party in the United States used the postbubble scandals and the collapse of share prices to attack the Republican Party ... Corporate governance reform fit surprisingly well within the contours of the center-left ideology. The Democratic Party and the SPD have both been committed to the development of the regulatory state as a counterweight to managerial authority, corporate power, and market failure. 
  14. ^ Jobs and the Economy. 民主党. [2022-09-22]. （原始内容存档于2015-03-20） （英语）. 
  15. ^ Dan Roberts. Wall Street deregulation pushed by Clinton advisers, documents reveal. 卫报. 2014-04-19 [2022-09-22]. （原始内容存档于2020-01-06） （英语）. 
  16. ^ How High Should Taxes Be?. About, Inc. 美国国务院. [2022-09-28]. （原始内容存档于2005-09-20） （英语）. 
  17. ^ Brian M. Riedl. Budget Resolution Calls for Massive Tax Hikes and Spending Increases. The Heritage Foundation. 2007-05-17 [2022-09-28]. （原始内容存档于2010-03-12） （英语）. 
检索自“https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=美国民主党的政治立场&oldid=80037802”