美国总统选举阿肯色州选情
阿肯色州为美国中南部的州[1],1836年6月加入联邦以来,历经46届美国总统选举。在政党重组的1860年选举,阿肯色州为10个未为共和党籍候选人亚伯拉罕·林肯提供选票的蓄奴州之一[2]。之后约翰·C·布雷肯里奇以微弱优势在阿肯色州胜出,成为首位在阿肯色州胜出的第三党籍候选人[3]。是次选举后不久,阿肯色州脱离美利坚合众国,加入美利坚联盟国[4],于是未举行1864年总统选举[5]。南北战争后的1868年,阿肯色州重新加入合众国[6]。在1872年选举,阿肯色州全数共6张选举人票因选举舞弊指控等各种违规行为作废[7]。
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选举次数 | 46 |
---|---|
投给民主党次数 | 32 |
投给共和党次数 | 12 |
投给其他政党次数 | 2[a] |
投给最终获胜候选人次数 | 27 |
投给最终失败候选人次数 | 19 |
直至1964年,阿肯色州一直被认为是民主党大本营,民主党通常以巨大优势在该州胜出,然而近来政党重组导致共和党占优[8]。在1968年总统选举,美国独立党籍候选人乔治·华莱士成为第2个在阿肯色州胜出的第三党籍候选人[9]。在1992年总统选举,由于无党籍候选人表现出色,阿肯色州成为唯一胜出者得票率超过50%的州[10],时任州长的民主党籍候选人比尔·克林顿以53.21%得票率在阿肯色州胜出[11]。然而1996年克林顿连任以后,阿肯色州一直由共和党胜出[12]。
总统选举选情
编辑党派图示 |
---|
美国独立党(AI)
宪法党(C)
宪法联盟党(CU)
民主党(D)
迪克西民主党(DI)
农工党(FL)
绿党(G)
绿背党(GB)
无党籍(I)
一无所知党(KN)
工党(19世纪)(L)
自由共和党(LR)
自由意志党(LI)
国家州权党(NSR)
人民党(PO)
人民党(1984年)(PO-1984)
进步党(1912年)(PR)
进步党(1924年)(PR)
禁酒党(PRO)
改革党(RE)
共和党(R)
美国社会党(S)
南方民主党(SD)
辉格党(W)
注:双剑标(‡)代表在全国最终胜出者。 |
1836至1856年
编辑年份 | 胜出者 | 第二位 | 选举人票 | 参考文献 | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
候选人 | 得票数 | % | 候选人 | 得票数 | % | |||||
1836 | 马丁·范布伦(D)‡ | 2,380 | 64.08% | 休·劳森·怀特(W) | 1,334 | 35.92% | 3 | |||
1840 | 马丁·范布伦(D) | 6,679 | 56.42% | 威廉·亨利·哈里森(W)‡ | 5,160 | 43.58% | 3 | |||
1844 | 詹姆斯·K·波尔克(D)‡ | 9,546 | 63.01% | 亨利·克莱(W) | 5,604 | 36.99% | 3 | |||
1848 | 刘易斯·卡斯(D) | 9,301 | 55.07% | 扎卡里·泰勒(W)‡ | 7,587 | 44.93% | 3 | |||
1852 | 富兰克林·皮尔斯(D)‡ | 12,173 | 62.18% | 温菲尔德·斯科特(W) | 7,404 | 37.82% | 4 | |||
1856 | 詹姆斯·布坎南(D)‡ | 21,910 | 67.12% | 米勒德·菲尔莫尔(KN) | 10,732 | 32.88% | 4 |
1860至1864年
编辑1860年选举为复杂的政党重组选举,先前两党联盟的破裂最终导致4个政党争夺国家各部分影响力[30]。选举结果为奴隶制强烈反对者胜利,刺激11个州脱离美利坚合众国,并引发南北战争[31]。
年份 | 胜出者 | 第二位 | 第三位 | 第四位 | 选举人票 | 参考文献 | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
候选人 | 得票数 (%) |
候选人 | 得票数 (%) |
候选人 | 得票数 (%) |
候选人 | 得票数 (%) | |||||||
1860 | 约翰·C·布雷肯里奇 (SD) | 28,732 (53.06%) |
约翰·贝尔(CU) | 20,063 (37.05%) |
斯蒂芬·A·道格拉斯(D) | 5,357 (9.89%) |
亚伯拉罕·林肯(R)‡ | –[b]
|
4 | |||||
1864 |
1868年至今
编辑年份 | 胜出者 | 第二位 | 其他候选人[c] | 选举人票 | 参考文献 | |||||||||
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候选人 | 得票数 | % | 候选人 | 得票数 | % | 候选人 | 得票数 | % | ||||||
尤利西斯·S·格兰特(R)‡ | 22,112 | 53.68% | 霍拉肖·西摩(D) | 19,078 | 46.32% | -
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-
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-
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5 | |||||
尤利西斯·S·格兰特(R)‡ | 41,373 | 52.17% | 霍勒斯·格里利(LR)[d] | 37,927 | 47.83% | -
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-
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-
|
-[e]
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塞缪尔·J·蒂尔顿(D) | 58,086 | 59.92% | 拉瑟福德·B·海斯(R)‡ | 38,649 | 39.87% | 彼得·库珀(GB) | 211 | 0.22% | 6 | |||||
温菲尔德·斯科特·汉考克(D) | 60,489 | 55.56% | 詹姆斯·A·加菲尔德(R)‡ | 41,661 | 38.27% | 詹姆斯·B·韦弗(GB) | 4,079 | 3.75% | 6 | |||||
格罗弗·克利夫兰(D)‡ | 72,734 | 57.83% | 詹姆斯·G·布莱恩(R) | 51,198 | 40.7% | 本杰明·F·巴特勒(GB) | 1,847 | 1.47% | 7 | |||||
格罗弗·克利夫兰 | 86,062 | 54.8% | 本杰明·哈里森(R)‡ | 59,752 | 38.04% | 阿尔松·J·斯特里特(L) | 10,630 | 6.77% | 7 | |||||
格罗弗·克利夫兰(D)‡ | 87,834 | 59.3% | 本杰明·哈里森(R) | 47,072 | 31.78% | 詹姆斯·B·韦弗(PO) | 11,831 | 7.99% | 8 | |||||
威廉·詹宁斯·布莱恩(D) | 110,103 | 73.7% | 威廉·麦金莱(R)‡ | 37,512 | 25.11% | 乔舒亚·利弗林(PRO) | 889 | 0.6% | 8 | |||||
威廉·詹宁斯·布莱恩(D) | 81,242 | 63.49% | 威廉·麦金莱(R)‡ | 44,800 | 35.01% | 沃顿·巴克(PO) | 972 | 0.76% | 8 | |||||
奥尔顿·B·帕克(D) | 64,434 | 55.39% | 西奥多·罗斯福(R)‡ | 46,760 | 40.2% | 托马斯·E·沃森(PO) | 2,318 | 1.99% | 9 | |||||
威廉·詹宁斯·布莱恩(D) | 87,020 | 57.31% | 威廉·霍华德·塔夫脱(R)‡ | 56,684 | 37.33% | 尤金·德布斯(S) | 5,842 | 3.85% | 9 | |||||
伍德罗·威尔逊(D)‡ | 68,814 | 55.01% | 威廉·霍华德·塔夫脱(R) | 25,585 | 20.45% | 西奥多·罗斯福(PR) | 21,644 | 17.3% | 9 | |||||
伍德罗·威尔逊(D)‡ | 112,211 | 66.65% | 查尔斯·埃文斯·休斯(R) | 48,879 | 29.03% | 艾伦·L·本森(S) | 6,999 | 4.16% | 9 | |||||
詹姆斯·M·考克斯(D) | 107,409 | 58.49% | 沃伦·G·哈定(R)‡ | 71,117 | 38.73% | 帕利·P·克里斯滕森(FL) | 5,111 | 2.78% | 9 | |||||
约翰·W·戴维斯(D) | 84,790 | 61.2% | 卡尔文·柯立芝(R)‡ | 40,583 | 29.29% | 罗伯特·M·拉福莱特(PR) | 13,167 | 9.5% | 9 | |||||
阿尔·史密斯(D) | 119,196 | 60.28% | 赫伯特·胡佛(R)‡ | 77,784 | 39.34% | 诺曼·托马斯(S) | 429 | 0.22% | 9 | |||||
富兰克林·D·罗斯福(D)‡ | 186,829 | 86.27% | 赫伯特·胡佛(R) | 27,466 | 12.68% | 诺曼·托马斯(S) | 1,166 | 0.59% | 9 | |||||
富兰克林·D·罗斯福(D)‡ | 146,765 | 81.79% | 阿尔夫·兰登(R) | 32,039 | 17.86% | 诺曼·托马斯(S) | 446 | 0.25% | 9 | |||||
富兰克林·D·罗斯福(D)‡ | 157,213 | 78.44% | 温德尔·威尔基(R) | 42,121 | 21.02% | 罗杰·巴布森(PRO) | 793 | 0.4% | 9 | |||||
富兰克林·D·罗斯福(D)‡ | 148,965 | 69.95% | 托马斯·E·杜威(R) | 63,551 | 29.84% | 诺曼·托马斯(S) | 438 | 0.21% | 9 | |||||
哈里·S·杜鲁门(D)‡ | 149,659 | 61.72% | 托马斯·E·杜威(R) | 50,959 | 21.02% | 斯特罗姆·瑟蒙德(DI) | 40,068 | 16.52% | 9 | |||||
阿德莱·史蒂文森(D) | 226,300 | 55.9% | 德怀特·D·艾森豪威尔(R)‡ | 177,155 | 43.76% | 斯图尔特·汉布伦(PRO) | 886 | 0.22% | 8 | |||||
阿德莱·史蒂文森(D) | 213,277 | 52.46% | 德怀特·D·艾森豪威尔(R)‡ | 186,287 | 45.82% | T·科尔曼·安德鲁斯(C) | 7,008 | 1.72% | 8 | |||||
约翰·F·肯尼迪(D)‡ | 215,049 | 50.19% | 理查德·尼克松(R) | 184,508 | 43.06% | 奥瓦尔·福伯斯(NSR) | 28,952 | 6.76% | 8 | |||||
林登·B·约翰逊(D)‡ | 314,197 | 56.06% | 贝利·高华德(R) | 243,264 | 43.41% | 约翰·卡斯珀(NSR) | 2,965 | 0.53% | 6 | |||||
乔治·华莱士(AI) | 240,982 | 38.87% | 理查德·尼克松(R)‡ | 190,759 | 30.77% | 休伯特·汉弗莱(D) | 188,228 | 30.36% | 6 | |||||
理查德·尼克松(R)‡ | 448,541 | 68.87% | 乔治·麦戈文(D) | 198,892 | 30.54% | 约翰·G·施米茨(AI) | 2,887 | 0.44% | 6 | |||||
吉米·卡特(D)‡ | 499,614 | 65.09% | 杰拉尔德·福特(R) | 268,753 | 35.02% | 尤金·麦卡锡(I) | 647 | 0.08% | 6 | |||||
罗纳德·里根(R)‡ | 403,164 | 48.13% | 吉米·卡特(D) | 398,041 | 47.52% | 约翰·B·安德森(I) | 22,468 | 2.68% | 6 | |||||
罗纳德·里根(R)‡ | 534,774 | 60.47% | 沃尔特·蒙代尔(D) | 338,646 | 38.29% | 大卫·伯格兰(LI) | 2,221 | 0.25% | 6 | |||||
乔治·H·W·布什(R)‡ | 466,578 | 56.37% | 迈克尔·杜卡基斯(D) | 349,237 | 42.19% | 大卫·杜克(PO-1984) | 5,146 | 0.62% | 6 | |||||
比尔·克林顿[f](D)‡ | 505,823 | 53.21% | 乔治·W·布什(R) | 337,324 | 35.48% | 罗斯·佩罗(I) | 99,132 | 10.43% | 6 | |||||
比尔·克林顿[f](D)‡ | 475,171 | 53.74% | 鲍勃·多尔(R) | 325,416 | 36.8% | 罗斯·佩罗(RE) | 69,884 | 7.9% | 6 | |||||
乔治·W·布什(R)‡ | 472,940 | 51.31% | 阿尔·戈尔(D) | 422,768 | 45.86% | 拉尔夫·纳德(G) | 13,421 | 1.46% | 6 | |||||
乔治·W·布什(R)‡ | 572,898 | 54.31% | 约翰·克里(D) | 469,953 | 44.55% | 拉尔夫·纳德(I) | 6,171 | 0.58% | 6 | |||||
约翰·麦凯恩(R) | 638,017 | 58.72% | 贝拉克·奥巴马(D)‡ | 422,310 | 38.86% | 拉尔夫·纳德(I) | 12,882 | 1.19% | 6 | |||||
米特·罗姆尼(R) | 647,744 | 60.57% | 贝拉克·奥巴马(D)‡ | 394,409 | 36.88% | 加里·约翰逊(LI) | 16,276 | 1.52% | 6 | |||||
唐纳德·特朗普(R)‡ | 684,872 | 60.57% | 希拉里·克林顿(D) | 380,494 | 33.65% | 加里·约翰逊(LI) | 29,829 | 2.64% | 6 | |||||
唐纳德·特朗普(R) | 760,647 | 62.4% | 乔·拜登(D)‡ | 423,932 | 34.78% | 乔·乔根森(LI) | 13,133 | 1.08% | 6 |
图表
编辑下图显示历届总统选举民主党与共和党阿肯色州得票率差。Y轴上高于原点的值为民主党得票率高于共和党的差值,低于原点的值之绝对值为共和党得票率高于民主党的差值。
由于已知的技术原因,图表暂时不可用。带来不便,我们深表歉意。 |
注释
编辑参考文献
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引用
编辑- Guide to U.S. Elections. SAGE Publications. 2010. ISBN 978-1-60426-536-1.
- Burnham, Walter Dean. Presidential ballots, 1836–1892. Johns Hopkins University Press. 1955. LCCN 55008428. OL 6176796M.
- Presidential elections, 1789–1996. Congressional Quarterly. 1997. ISBN 978-1-56802-065-5. LCCN 97019084. OL 673017M.