普来马奎宁

普来马奎宁
临床资料
其他名称	primaquine phosphate
AHFS/Drugs.com	Monograph
MedlinePlus	a607037
核准状况	美 DailyMed: Primaquine;
给药途径	By mouth
ATC码	P01BA03 (WHO) ;
法律规范状态
法律规范	美：处方药（℞-only）;
药物动力学数据
生物利用度	96%
药物代谢	Liver
生物半衰期	6 hours
识别信息
	IUPAC命名法 (RS)-N-(6-methoxyquinolin-8-yl)pentane-1,4-diamine; ;
CAS号	90-34-6
PubChem CID	4908;
DrugBank	DB01087 ;
ChemSpider	4739 ;
UNII	MVR3634GX1;
KEGG	D08420 ;
ChEBI	CHEBI:8405 ;
ChEMBL	ChEMBL506 ;
CompTox Dashboard（英语：CompTox Chemicals Dashboard） (EPA)	DTXSID8023509 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.001.807
化学信息
化学式	C15H21N3O
摩尔质量	259.347
3D模型（JSmol（英语：JSmol））	交互式图像;
手性	Racemic mixture
	SMILES O(c1cc(NC(C)CCCN)c2ncccc2c1)C;
	InChI InChI=1S/C15H21N3O/c1-11(5-3-7-16)18-14-10-13(19-2)9-12-6-4-8-17-15(12)14/h4,6,8-11,18H,3,5,7,16H2,1-2H3 ; Key:INDBQLZJXZLFIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ;

普来马奎宁（英语：Primaquine），是一种药物，用于治疗和预防疟疾及治疗肺囊虫肺炎^[2]，尤其是当其他药物都不能使用时，可用于预防与治疗间日疟原虫和卵形疟原虫引起的疟疾^[2]；此品可与克林霉素并用作为治疗肺囊虫肺炎的替代处方^[2]^[3]。给药途径为口服^[2]。

常见副作用为恶心、呕吐及腹绞痛^[2]^[4]，因为溶血反应的风险很高^[4]，普来马奎宁不能用于蚕豆症患者；也不建议用于怀孕患者^[5]^[6]。如果确认婴儿并非蚕豆症患者，母乳哺育的母亲是可以使用的^[6]。本品的作用机转尚不明朗，但据信对疟疾寄生虫的DNA有其作用^[2]。

1946 年，普来马奎宁问世^[3]；名列世界卫生组织基本药物标准清单，认可为医疗系统中最安全有效的药品^[7]，市面上可取得其学名药^[2]。在发展中国家的批发价为单日 0.04 美元到 0.11 美元^[8]，在美国，整套疗程的药费为 50 美元到 100 美元^[5]。

附注

^ Mihaly GW, Ward SA, Edwards G, et al. Pharmacokinetics of primaquine in man. I. Studies of the absolute bioavailability and effects of dose size. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 1985, 19 (6): 745–50. PMC 1463857  . PMID 4027117. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.1985.tb02709.x.
^ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 ^2.3 ^2.4 ^2.5 ^2.6 Primaquine Phosphate. The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. [2 December 2016]. （原始内容存档于20 December 2016）.
^ ^3.0 ^3.1 Vale, Nuno; Moreira, Rui; Gomes, Paula. Primaquine revisited six decades after its discovery. European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. March 2009, 44 (3): 937–953. PMID 18930565. doi:10.1016/j.ejmech.2008.08.011.
^ ^4.0 ^4.1 Arguin, Paul M.; Tan, Kathrine R. Malaria - Chapter 3. Brunette, Gary W. (编). CDC Health Information for International Travel 2016 (Yellow Book). CDC and Oxford University Press. 2016. ISBN 978-0-19-937915-6. （原始内容存档于2016-01-14）.
^ ^5.0 ^5.1 Hamilton, Richart. Tarascon Pocket Pharmacopoeia 2015 Deluxe Lab-Coat Edition. Jones & Bartlett Learning. 2015: 57. ISBN 9781284057560.
^ ^6.0 ^6.1 Hill, D. R.; Baird, J. K.; Parise, M. E.; Lewis, L. S.; Ryan, E. T.; Magill, A. J. Primaquine: Report from CDC expert meeting on malaria chemoprophylaxis I. The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. 2006, 75 (3): 402–15. PMID 16968913. doi:10.4269/ajtmh.2006.75.402. （原始内容存档于2014-01-23）.
^ WHO Model List of Essential Medicines (19th List) (PDF). World Health Organization. April 2015 [8 December 2016]. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于13 December 2016）.
^ Primaquine. International Drug Price Indicator Guide. [3 December 2016]. （原始内容存档于2018-10-08）.

[1] Mihaly GW, Ward SA, Edwards G, et al. Pharmacokinetics of primaquine in man. I. Studies of the absolute bioavailability and effects of dose size. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 1985, 19 (6): 745–50. PMC 1463857  . PMID 4027117. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.1985.tb02709.x.

[AHFS2016-2] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 ^2.3 ^2.4 ^2.5 ^2.6 Primaquine Phosphate. The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. [2 December 2016]. （原始内容存档于20 December 2016）.

[Vale2009rev-3] 3.0 ^3.1 Vale, Nuno; Moreira, Rui; Gomes, Paula. Primaquine revisited six decades after its discovery. European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. March 2009, 44 (3): 937–953. PMID 18930565. doi:10.1016/j.ejmech.2008.08.011.

[YellowBook2016-4] 4.0 ^4.1 Arguin, Paul M.; Tan, Kathrine R. Malaria - Chapter 3. Brunette, Gary W. (编). CDC Health Information for International Travel 2016 (Yellow Book). CDC and Oxford University Press. 2016. ISBN 978-0-19-937915-6. （原始内容存档于2016-01-14）.

[Ric2015-5] 5.0 ^5.1 Hamilton, Richart. Tarascon Pocket Pharmacopoeia 2015 Deluxe Lab-Coat Edition. Jones & Bartlett Learning. 2015: 57. ISBN 9781284057560.

[Hill2006-6] 6.0 ^6.1 Hill, D. R.; Baird, J. K.; Parise, M. E.; Lewis, L. S.; Ryan, E. T.; Magill, A. J. Primaquine: Report from CDC expert meeting on malaria chemoprophylaxis I. The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. 2006, 75 (3): 402–15. PMID 16968913. doi:10.4269/ajtmh.2006.75.402. （原始内容存档于2014-01-23）.

[WHO19th-7] WHO Model List of Essential Medicines (19th List) (PDF). World Health Organization. April 2015 [8 December 2016]. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于13 December 2016）.

[8] Primaquine. International Drug Price Indicator Guide. [3 December 2016]. （原始内容存档于2018-10-08）.

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