欧裔加拿大人
欧裔加拿大人(英语:European Canadians;法语:Canadiens européens)是指祖先源自欧洲,现在居住在加拿大的族裔。[2][3][4]欧裔加拿大人构成加拿大最大的社群,约占73%的加拿大人口。[1]
欧裔加拿大人 European Canadians Canadiens européens | |
---|---|
总人口 | |
25,111,695 占加拿大总人口的72.9% (2016年加拿大人口普查)[1][nb 1] | |
分布地区 | |
加拿大全境 (加拿大北部地区较少) | |
语言 | |
加拿大英语 · 加拿大法语 其他 欧洲语言 历史上: 苏格兰盖尔语 · 纽芬兰爱尔兰语 | |
宗教信仰 | |
主要为: 基督宗教: 新教 · 天主教 · 正教会 少数为: 犹太教 · 伊斯兰教 · 佛教 | |
相关族群 | |
欧洲民族、欧裔美国人、欧裔澳大利亚人、欧裔纽西兰人、南非白人 |
欧裔加拿大人可再细分为不同的社群。加拿大人口普查将欧裔加拿大人分为四大类:东欧裔加拿大人,北欧裔加拿大人,南欧裔加拿大人和西欧裔加拿大人。
名称
编辑在加拿大人口普查中,具有欧洲血统或祖先源于欧洲的人都被归为欧洲裔。
社群
编辑欧裔加拿大人有许多社群[5][6] ,根据祖先区域来源大致分类,用于文化或种族识别[7]
- 东欧裔加拿大人:包括白俄罗斯裔加拿大人、保加利亚裔加拿大人、捷克裔加拿大人、爱沙尼亚裔加拿大人、匈牙利裔加拿大人、拉脱维亚裔加拿大人、立陶宛裔加拿大人、摩尔多瓦裔加拿大人、波兰裔加拿大人、罗马尼亚裔加拿大人、俄裔加拿大人、斯洛伐克裔加拿大人、乌克兰裔加拿大人
- 北欧裔加拿大人:包括不列颠裔加拿大人(英格兰裔加拿大人、苏格兰裔加拿大人、威尔斯裔加拿大人)、爱尔兰裔加拿大人、斯堪地那维亚裔加拿大人(丹麦裔加拿大人、芬兰裔加拿大人、冰岛裔加拿大人、挪威裔加拿大人、瑞典裔加拿大人)
- 南欧裔加拿大人:包括阿尔巴尼亚裔加拿大人、塞浦路斯裔加拿大人、希腊裔加拿大人、义大利裔加拿大人、马尔他裔加拿大人、葡萄牙裔加拿大人、西班牙裔加拿大人、南斯拉夫裔加拿大人(波士尼亚裔加拿大人、克罗埃西亚裔加拿大人、科索沃裔加拿大人、马其顿裔加拿大人、黑山裔加拿大人、塞尔维亚裔加拿大人、斯洛文尼亚裔加拿大人)
历史
编辑最早移居加拿大的欧洲人为法国人,埃琳·德斯波特斯(Hélène Desportes)被认为是第一个在新法兰西出生的欧裔白人,出生年代大约是1620年。[8]
人口统计
编辑从1871年加拿大人口普查(加拿大首次人口普查)开始,加拿大欧洲裔人口占加拿大总人口的百分比的98.5%。此后,自20世纪中到2016年的最新人口普查,加拿大欧裔总人口的比例一直在逐渐下降,但欧裔加拿大依然是加拿大最大的族群,占加拿大总人口的72.9%。[10][11][12]加拿大原住民、法国和英国(大不列颠)等民族文化构成加拿大文化,而形成对加拿大的认同感。2016年加拿大人口普查中,欧裔社群中,祖先最多来自不列颠群岛(11,211,850人,包括6,320,085英格兰裔,4,799,005苏格兰裔和4,627,000爱尔兰裔),其他国家依序为法裔(4,680,820)、德裔(3,322,405)、义大利裔(1,587,965)和乌克兰裔 (1,359,655)。[13]然而,加拿大最大的族裔为“加拿大人”(11,135,965)。
年份 | 人口 | 百分比(%) |
---|---|---|
1871[12][11][14] | 3,433,315 | 98.5% |
1881[15][14] | 4,146,900 | 95.9% |
1901[15][14] | 5,170,522 | 96.0% |
1911[15][14] | 7,005,583 | 94.4% |
1921[15][14] | 8,568,584 | 96.0% |
1931[12][14] | 10,134,313 | 97.7% |
1941[12][11] | 11,242,868 | 97.8% |
1951[12][11] | 13,582,574 | 96.8% |
1961[12][11] | 17,653,864 | 96.8% |
1966[12][11] | N/A | 96.8% |
1971[12][11] | 20,763,915 | 96.3% |
1981[16] | 22,402,000 | 93.0% |
1986 | N/A | N/A |
1991 | N/A | N/A |
1996[17] | 24,531,635 | 86.0% |
2001[18][19][nb 1] | 24,678,880 | 83.3% |
2006[20][nb 1] | 25,000,150 | 80.0% |
2011[21][nb 1] | 25,186,890 | 76.7% |
2016[22][nb 1] | 25,111,695 | 72.9% |
省份/地区 | 人口 (2001)[18][19] | % (2001) | 人口 (2006)[20] | % (2006) | 人口 (2011)[21] | % (2011) | 人口 (2016)[22] | % (2016) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
安大略省 | 8,944,190 | 79.3% | 9,041,200 | 75.2% | 9,070,795 | 71.7% | 8,982,180 | 67.8% |
魁北克 | 6,548,205 | 91.9% | 6,673,120 | 89.7% | 6,740,370 | 87.2% | 6,750,200 | 84.7% |
英属哥伦比亚省 | 2,862,405 | 74.0% | 2,869,450 | 70.4% | 2,911,568 | 67.3% | 2,908,420 | 63.8% |
艾伯塔省 | 2,455,005 | 83.5% | 2,613,790 | 80.3% | 2,690,955 | 75.4% | 2,786,340 | 70.0% |
曼尼托巴省 | 866,545 | 78.5% | 849,025 | 74.9% | 824,820 | 70.2% | 800,540 | 64.5% |
新斯科舍省 | 846,030 | 94.3% | 841,230 | 93.2% | 825,050 | 91.1% | 798,195 | 87.9% |
萨斯喀彻温省 | 805,380 | 83.6% | 778,060 | 81.2% | 787,745 | 78.1% | 779,665 | 72.8% |
新不伦瑞克省 | 693,295 | 96.3% | 688,650 | 95.7% | 696,085 | 94.6% | 676,785 | 92.6% |
纽芬兰与拉布拉多 | 485,450 | 95.6% | 471,430 | 94.2% | 464,540 | 91.6% | 454,710 | 88.8% |
爱德华王子岛 | 130,860 | 98.1% | 130,645 | 97.4% | 130,885 | 95.3% | 130,310 | 93.3% |
育空 | 20,955 | 73.5% | 21,395 | 70.9% | 23,595 | 70.8% | 23,915 | 68.1% |
西北地方 | 16,925 | 45.4% | 18,150 | 44.2% | 16,915 | 41.6% | 16,320 | 39.7% |
努纳福特地区 | 3,735 | 14.0% | 3,990 | 13.6% | 3,820 | 12.1% | 4,115 | 11.6% |
加拿大 | 24,678,880 | 83.3% | 25,000,150 | 80.0% | 25,186,890 | 76.7% | 25,111,695 | 72.9% |
种族
编辑族裔 | 人口(1871)[15] | %(1871) | 人口(1881)[15] | %(1881) | 人口(1901)[15] | %(1901) | 人口(1911)[15] | % (1911) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
阿尔巴尼亚 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
奥地利 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | 10,947 | 0.2% | 42,535 | 0.6% |
巴斯克 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
比利时 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | 2,994 | 0.1% | 9,593 | 0.1% |
波士尼亚 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
不列颠群岛(未特别指名) | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
保加利亚 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
克罗埃西亚 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
塞浦路斯 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
捷克斯洛伐克 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
捷克 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
丹麦 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
荷兰(尼德兰) | 29,662 | 0.9% | 30,412 | 0.7% | 33,845 | 0.6% | 54,986 | 0.8% |
英格兰 | 706,369 | 20.3% | 881,301 | 20.4% | 1,260,899 | 23.5% | 1,823,150 | 25.3% |
爱沙尼亚 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
芬兰 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | 2,502 | 0.1% | 15,497 | 0.2% |
法国 | 1,082,940 | 31.1% | 1,298,929 | 30.0% | 1,649,371 | 30.7% | 2,054,890 | 28.5% |
德国 | 202,991 | 5.8% | 254,319 | 5.9% | 310,501 | 5.8% | 393,320 | 5.5% |
希腊 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | 291 | 0.0% | 3,594 | 0.0% |
匈牙利 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | 1,549 | 0.0% | 11,605 | 0.2% |
冰岛 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
爱尔兰 | 846,414 | 24.3% | 957,403 | 22.1% | 988,721 | 18.4% | 1,050,384 | 14.6% |
义大利 | 1,035 | 0.0% | 1,849 | 0.0% | 10,834 | 0.2% | 45,411 | 0.6% |
科索沃 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
拉脱维亚 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
立陶宛 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
卢森堡 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
北马其顿 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
马尔他 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
摩尔多瓦 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
黑山 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
挪威 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
波兰 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | 6,285 | 0.1% | 33,365 | 0.5% |
葡萄牙 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
罗马尼亚 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
俄国 | 607 | 0.0% | 1,227 | 0.1% | 19,825 | 0.4% | 43,142 | 0.6% |
苏格兰 | 549,946 | 15.8% | 699,863 | 16.2% | 800,154 | 14.9% | 997,880 | 13.9% |
塞尔维亚 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
斯洛伐克 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
斯洛文尼亚 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
西班牙 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
瑞典 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
瑞士 | 2,962 | 0.1% | 4,588 | 0.1% | 3,865 | 0.1% | 6,625 | 0.1% |
乌克兰 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
威尔斯 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
南斯拉夫 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
族裔 | 人口 (1921)[15] | % (1921) | 人口(1941)[23][24] | % (1941) | 人口 (1951)[23][24] | % (1951) | 人口 (1961)[23][24] | % (1961) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
阿尔巴尼亚 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
巴斯克 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
比利时 | 20,234 | 0.2% | 29,711 | 0.3% | 35,148 | 0.3% | 61,382 | 0.3% |
波士尼亚 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
不列颠群岛(未特别指名) | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
保加利亚 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
克罗埃西亚 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
塞浦路斯 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
捷克斯洛伐克 | N/A | N/A | 42,912 | 0.4% | 63,959 | 0.4% | 73,061 | 0.4% |
捷克 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
丹麦 | N/A | N/A | 37,439 | 0.3% | 42,671 | 0.3% | 85,473 | 0.5% |
荷兰(尼德兰) | 117,506 | 1.2% | 212,863 | 1.8% | 264,267 | 1.9% | 429,679 | 2.4% |
英格兰 | 2,545,496 | 29.0% | 2,968,402 | 25.1% | 3,630,344 | 25.9% | 4,195,175 | 23.0% |
爱沙尼亚 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
芬兰 | 21,494 | 0.2% | 41,683 | 0.4% | 43,745 | 0.3% | 59,436 | 0.3% |
法国 | 2,452,751 | 27.9% | 3,483,038 | 29.5% | 4,319,167 | 30.8% | 5,540,346 | 30.4% |
德国 | 294,636 | 3.4% | 464,682 | 3.9% | 619,995 | 4.4% | 1,049,599 | 5.8% |
希腊 | 5,740 | 0.1% | 11,692 | 0.1% | 13,966 | 0.1% | 56,475 | 0.3% |
匈牙利 | 13,181 | 0.1% | 54,598 | 0.5% | 60,460 | 0.4% | 126,220 | 0.7% |
冰岛 | N/A | N/A | 21,050 | 0.2% | 23,307 | 0.2% | 30,623 | 0.2% |
爱尔兰 | 1,107,817 | 12.6% | 1,267,702 | 10.7% | 1,439,635 | 10.3% | 1,753,351 | 9.6% |
义大利 | 66,769 | 0.8% | 112,625 | 1.0% | 152,245 | 1.1% | 459,351 | 2.5% |
科索沃 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
拉脱维亚 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
立陶宛 | N/A | N/A | 7,789 | 0.1% | 16,224 | 0.1% | 27,629 | 0.2% |
卢森堡 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
北马其顿 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
马尔他 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
摩尔多瓦 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
黑山 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
挪威 | N/A | N/A | 100,718 | 0.9% | 119,266 | 0.9% | 148,681 | 0.8% |
波兰 | 53,403 | 0.6% | 167,485 | 1.4% | 219,845 | 1.6% | 323,517 | 1.8% |
葡萄牙 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
罗马尼亚 | N/A | N/A | 24,689 | 0.2% | 23,601 | 0.2% | 43,805 | 0.2% |
俄国 | 100,064 | 1.1% | 83,708 | 0.7% | 91,279 | 0.6% | 119,168 | 0.7% |
苏格兰 | 1,173,637 | 13.4% | 1,403,974 | 11.9% | 1,547,470 | 11.0% | 1,902,302 | 10.4% |
塞尔维亚 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
斯洛伐克 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
斯洛文尼亚 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
西班牙 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
瑞典 | N/A | N/A | 85,396 | 0.7% | 97,780 | 0.7% | 121,757 | 0.7% |
瑞士 | 12,837 | 0.2% | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
乌克兰 | N/A | N/A | 305,929 | 2.6% | 395,043 | 2.8% | 473,337 | 2.6% |
威尔斯 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
南斯拉夫 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | 21,214 | 0.2% |
族裔 | 人口 (1991)[25] | % (1991) | 人口 (1996)[26] | % (1996) | 人口(2001)[27] | % (2001) | 人口 (2006)[28] | % (2006) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
阿尔巴尼亚 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | 14,935 | 0.1% | 22,395 | 0.1% |
奥地利 | 107,671 | 1.2% | 37,715 | 0.3% | 32,231 | 0.2% | 106,535 | 0.6% |
奥地利 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | 147,585 | 0.5% | 194,255 | 0.6% |
巴斯克 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | 2,715 | 0.0% | 4,975 | 0.0% |
比利时 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | 129,780 | 0.4% | 168,910 | 0.5% |
波士尼亚 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | 15,720 | 0.1% | 21,045 | 0.1% |
不列颠群岛(未特别指明) | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | 150,585 | 0.5% | 403,915 | 1.3% |
保加利亚 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | 15,195 | 0.1% | 27,255 | 0.1% |
克罗埃西亚 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | 97,050 | 0.3% | 110,880 | 0.4% |
塞浦路斯 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | 2,060 | 0.0% | 3,395 | 0.0% |
捷克斯洛伐克 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | 33,540 | 0.1% | 36,970 | 0.1% |
捷克 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | 79,910 | 0.3% | 98,090 | 0.3% |
丹麦 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | 170,780 | 0.6% | 200,035 | 0.6% |
荷兰(尼德兰) | 961,600 | 3.4% | 916,215 | 3.1% | 923,310 | 3.1% | 1,035,965 | 3.3% |
英格兰 | 8,605,125 | 30.7% | 6,832,095 | 23.1% | 5,978,875 | 20.2% | 6,570,015 | 21.0% |
爱沙尼亚 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | 22,085 | 0.1% | 23,930 | 0.1% |
芬兰 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | 114,690 | 0.4% | 131,040 | 0.4% |
法国 | 8,369,210 | 29.9% | 5,597,845 | 18.9% | 4,668,410 | 15.8% | 4,941,210 | 15.8% |
德国 | 2,793,775 | 10.0% | 2,757,140 | 9.3% | 2,742,765 | 9.3% | 3,179,425 | 10.2% |
希腊 | 191,475 | 0.7% | 203,345 | 0.7% | 215,105 | 0.7% | 242,685 | 0.8% |
匈牙利 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | 267,255 | 0.9% | 315,510 | 1.0% |
冰岛 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | 75,090 | 0.3% | 88,875 | 0.3% |
爱尔兰 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | 3,822,660 | 12.9% | 4,354,155 | 13.9% |
义大利 | 1,147,780 | 4.1% | 1,207,475 | 4.2% | 1,270,370 | 4.3% | 1,445,335 | 4.6% |
科索沃 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | 1,200 | 0.0% | 1,530 | 0.0% |
拉脱维亚 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | 22,615 | 0.1% | 27,870 | 0.1% |
立陶宛 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | 36,485 | 0.1% | 46,690 | 0.1% |
卢森堡 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | 2,390 | 0.0% | 3,225 | 0.0% |
北马其顿 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | 31,265 | 0.1% | 37,055 | 0.1% |
马尔他 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | 33,000 | 0.1% | 37,120 | 0.1% |
摩尔多瓦 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
黑山 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | 1,055 | 0.0% | 2,370 | 0.0% |
挪威 | 286,240 | 1.0% | N/A | N/A | 363,760 | 1.2% | 432,515 | 1.4% |
波兰 | 740,720 | 2.6% | 786,735 | 2.7% | 817,085 | 2.8% | 984,565 | 3.2% |
葡萄牙 | 292,185 | 1.0% | 335,110 | 1.1% | 357,690 | 1.2% | 410,850 | 1.3% |
罗马尼亚 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | 131,830 | 0.4% | 192,170 | 0.6% |
俄国 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | 337,960 | 1.1% | 500,600 | 1.6% |
苏格兰 | 4,248,365 | 15.2% | 4,260,840 | 14.4% | 4,157,210 | 14.0% | 4,719,850 | 15.1% |
塞尔维亚 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | 55,540 | 0.2% | 72,690 | 0.2% |
斯洛伐克 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | 50,860 | 0.2% | 64,145 | 0.2% |
斯洛文尼亚 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | 28,910 | 0.1% | 35,935 | 0.1% |
西班牙 | 158,915 | 0.6% | 204,360 | 0.7% | 213,105 | 0.7% | 325,730 | 1.0% |
瑞典 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | 282,760 | 1.0% | 334,765 | 1.1% |
瑞士 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | 110,795 | 0.4% | 137,775 | 0.4% |
乌克兰 | 1,054,295 | 3.8% | 1,026,470 | 3.5% | 1,071,060 | 3.6% | 1,209,085 | 3.9% |
威尔斯 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | 350,365 | 1.2% | 440,965 | 1.4% |
南斯拉夫 | 21,404 | 0.2% | 68,587 | 0.4% | 65,505 | 0.2% | 65,305 | 0.2% |
族裔 | 人口 (2011)[29] | % (2011) | 人口 (2016)[13] | % (2016) |
---|---|---|---|---|
阿尔巴尼亚 | 28,270 | 0.1% | 36,185 | 0.1% |
奥地利 | 197,990 | 0.6% | 207,050 | 0.6% |
巴斯克 | 5,570 | 0.0% | 6,965 | 0.0% |
比利时 | 176,615 | 0.5% | 186,665 | 0.5% |
波士尼亚 | 22,920 | 0.1% | 26,740 | 0.1% |
不列颠群岛 (未特别指名) | 576,030 | 1.8% | 644,695 | 1.9% |
保加利亚 | 30,485 | 0.1% | 34,565 | 0.1% |
克罗埃西亚 | 114,880 | 0.3% | 133,970 | 0.4% |
塞浦路斯 | 4,815 | 0.0% | 5,650 | 0.0% |
捷克斯洛伐克 | 40,035 | 0.1% | 40,715 | 0.1% |
捷克 | 94,805 | 0.3% | 104,580 | 0.3% |
丹麦 | 203,080 | 0.6% | 207,470 | 0.6% |
荷兰(尼德兰) | 1,067,245 | 3.2% | 1,111,655 | 3.2% |
英格兰 | 6,509,500 | 19.8% | 6,320,085 | 18.3% |
爱沙尼亚 | 23,180 | 0.1% | 24,530 | 0.1% |
芬兰 | 136,215 | 0.4% | 143,645 | 0.4% |
法国 | 5,065,690 | 15.4% | 4,670,595 | 13.6% |
德国 | 3,203,330 | 9.8% | 3,322,405 | 9.6% |
希腊 | 252,960 | 0.8% | 271,410 | 0.8% |
匈牙利 | 316,765 | 1.0% | 348,085 | 1.0% |
冰岛 | 94,205 | 0.3% | 101,795 | 0.3% |
爱尔兰 | 4,544,870 | 13.8% | 4,627,000 | 13.4% |
义大利 | 1,488,425 | 4.5% | 1,587,970 | 4.6% |
科索沃 | 2,760 | 0.0% | 2,865 | 0.0% |
拉脱维亚 | 27,355 | 0.1% | 30,725 | 0.1% |
立陶宛 | 49,130 | 0.1% | 59,285 | 0.2% |
卢森堡裔加拿大人 | 3,790 | 0.0% | 3,915 | 0.0% |
北马其顿 | 36,985 | 0.1% | 43,110 | 0.1% |
马尔他 | 38,780 | 0.1% | 41,920 | 0.1% |
摩尔多瓦 | 8,050 | 0.0% | 14,915 | 0.0% |
黑山 | 2,970 | 0.0% | 4,160 | 0.0% |
挪威 | 452,705 | 1.4% | 463,275 | 1.3% |
波兰 | 1,010,705 | 3.1% | 1,106,585 | 3.2% |
葡萄牙 | 429,850 | 1.3% | 482,605 | 1.4% |
罗马尼亚 | 204,625 | 0.6% | 238,050 | 0.7% |
俄国 | 550,520 | 1.7% | 622,445 | 1.8% |
苏格兰 | 4,714,970 | 14.4% | 4,799,005 | 13.9% |
塞尔维亚 | 80,320 | 0.2% | 96,530 | 0.3% |
斯洛伐克 | 66,545 | 0.2% | 72,285 | 0.2% |
斯洛文尼亚 | 37,170 | 0.1% | 40,470 | 0.1% |
西班牙 | 368,305 | 1.1% | 396,460 | 1.2% |
瑞典 | 341,845 | 1.0% | 349,645 | 1.0% |
瑞士 | 146,830 | 0.4% | 155,120 | 0.5% |
乌克兰 | 1,251,170 | 3.8% | 1,359,655 | 3.9% |
威尔斯 | 458,705 | 1.4% | 474,805 | 1.4% |
南斯拉夫 | 48,320 | 0.1% | 38,480 | 0.1% |
语言和移民
编辑在2016年加拿大人口普查中,前五大欧洲移民者的母语依序是西班牙语(458,850)、德语(384,035)、义大利语 (375,635)、葡萄牙语 (221,540) 和 俄语 (188,255)。[30][nb 2]
语言 | 人口 (1991)[31] | 非加拿大官方语言百分比(%) (1991) | 加拿大官方语言百分比(%)(1991) | 人口 (1996)[32] | 非加拿大官方语言百分比(%)(1996) | 加拿大官方语言百分比(%) (1996) | 人口 (2001)[33] | 非加拿大官方语言百分比(%) (2001) | 加拿大官方语言百分比(%)(2001) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
阿尔巴尼亚语 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
白俄罗斯语 | N/A | N/A | N/A | 420 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 530 | 0.0% | 0.0% |
波士尼亚语 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
保加利亚语 | N/A | N/A | N/A | 6,330 | 0.1% | 0.0% | 9,130 | 0.2% | 0.0% |
加泰隆尼亚语 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
克罗埃西亚语 | N/A | N/A | N/A | 50,105 | 1.1% | 0.2% | 54,880 | 1.1% | 0.2% |
捷克语 | N/A | N/A | N/A | 24,985 | 0.5% | 0.1% | 24,795 | 0.5% | 0.1% |
丹麦语 | N/A | N/A | N/A | 20,280 | 0.4% | 0.1% | 18,230 | 0.4% | 0.1% |
荷兰语 | 124,535 | 3.5% | 0.5% | 133,805 | 2.9% | 0.5% | 128,670 | 2.5% | 0.4% |
爱沙尼亚语 | N/A | N/A | N/A | 10,690 | 0.2% | 0.0% | 8,720 | 0.2% | 0.0% |
芬兰语 | N/A | N/A | N/A | 24,735 | 0.5% | 0.1% | 22,400 | 0.4% | 0.1% |
佛莱明语 | N/A | N/A | N/A | 6,980 | 0.2% | 0.0% | 6,010 | 0.1% | 0.0% |
菲士兰语 | N/A | N/A | N/A | 2,915 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 3,185 | 0.1% | 0.0% |
德语 | 424,645 | 12.0% | 1.6% | 450,140 | 9.8% | 1.6% | 438,080 | 8.4% | 1.5% |
希腊语 | 114,370 | 3.2% | 0.4% | 121,180 | 2.6% | 0.4% | 120,365 | 2.3% | 0.4% |
匈牙利语 | 72,900 | 2.1% | 0.3% | 77,235 | 1.7% | 0.3% | 75,550 | 1.5% | 0.3% |
冰岛语 | N/A | N/A | N/A | 2,675 | 0.1% | 0.0% | 2,075 | 0.0% | 0.0% |
义大利语 | 449,660 | 12.7% | 1.7% | 484,500 | 10.5% | 1.7% | 469,485 | 9.0% | 1.6% |
拉脱维亚语 | N/A | N/A | N/A | 9,635 | 0.2% | 0.0% | 8,230 | 0.2% | 0.0% |
立陶宛语 | N/A | N/A | N/A | 9,385 | 0.2% | 0.0% | 8,770 | 0.2% | 0.0% |
马其顿语 | N/A | N/A | N/A | 19,300 | 0.4% | 0.1% | 16,905 | 0.3% | 0.1% |
马尔他语 | N/A | N/A | N/A | 7,120 | 0.2% | 0.0% | 7,375 | 0.1% | 0.0% |
挪威语 | N/A | N/A | N/A | 10,235 | 0.2% | 0.0% | 8,725 | 0.2% | 0.0% |
波兰语 | 171,975 | 4.9% | 0.6% | 213,410 | 4.6% | 0.7% | 208,370 | 4.0% | 0.7% |
葡萄牙语 | 186,995 | 5.3% | 0.7% | 211,290 | 4.6% | 0.7% | 213,815 | 4.1% | 0.7% |
罗马尼亚语 | N/A | N/A | N/A | 35,710 | 0.8% | 0.1% | 50,900 | 1.0% | 0.2% |
俄语 | N/A | N/A | N/A | 57,495 | 1.3% | 0.2% | 94,555 | 1.8% | 0.3% |
苏格兰盖尔语 | N/A | N/A | N/A | 2,175 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 2,155 | 0.0% | 0.0% |
塞尔维亚语 | N/A | N/A | N/A | 28,620 | 0.6% | 0.1% | 41,175 | 0.8% | 0.1% |
塞尔维亚-克罗埃西亚语 | N/A | N/A | N/A | 17,940 | 0.4% | 0.1% | 26,685 | 0.5% | 0.1% |
斯洛伐克语 | N/A | N/A | N/A | 18,285 | 0.4% | 0.1% | 17,540 | 0.3% | 0.1% |
斯洛文尼亚语 | N/A | N/A | N/A | 14,085 | 0.3% | 0.0% | 12,800 | 0.2% | 0.0% |
西班牙语[nb 3] | 158,655 | 4.5% | 0.6% | 212,890 | 4.6% | 0.8% | 245,495 | 4.7% | 0.8% |
瑞典语 | N/A | N/A | N/A | 9,760 | 0.2% | 0.0% | 9,070 | 0.2% | 0.0% |
乌克兰语 | 166,830 | 4.7% | 0.6% | 162,695 | 3.5% | 0.6% | 148,085 | 2.8% | 0.5% |
威尔斯语 | N/A | N/A | N/A | 1,670 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 1,615 | 0.0% | 0.0% |
意第绪语 | N/A | N/A | N/A | 21,415 | 0.1% | 0.5% | 19,290 | 0.4% | 0.1% |
语言 | 人口 (2006)[34] | 非加拿大官方语言百分比(%)(2006) | 加拿大官方语言百分比(%)(2006) | 人口 (2011)[35] | 非加拿大官方语言百分比(%)(2011) | 加拿大官方语言百分比(%)(2011) | 人口(2016)[30] | 非加拿大官方语言百分比(%)(2016) | 加拿大官方语言百分比(%)(2016) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
阿尔巴尼亚语 | N/A | N/A | N/A | 23,820 | 0.4% | 0.1% | 26,890 | 0.4% | 0.1% |
白俄罗斯语 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | 810 | 0.0% | 0.0% |
波士尼亚语 | 12,790 | 0.2% | 0.0% | 11,685 | 0.2% | 0.0% | 12,210 | 0.2% | 0.0% |
保加利亚语 | 16,790 | 0.3% | 0.1% | 19,050 | 0.3% | 0.1% | 20,025 | 0.3% | 0.1% |
加泰隆尼亚语 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | 865 | 0.0% | 0.0% |
克罗埃西亚语 | 55,335 | 0.9% | 0.2% | 49,730 | 0.8% | 0.2% | 48,200 | 0.7% | 0.1% |
捷克语 | 24,450 | 0.4% | 0.1% | 23,585 | 0.4% | 0.1% | 22,290 | 0.3% | 0.1% |
丹麦语 | 18,735 | 0.3% | 0.1% | 14,145 | 0.2% | 0.0% | 12,630 | 0.2% | 0.0% |
荷兰语 | 128,905 | 2.1% | 0.4% | 110,490 | 1.7% | 0.3% | 99,020 | 1.4% | 0.3% |
爱沙尼亚语 | 8,245 | 0.1% | 0.0% | 6,385 | 0.1% | 0.0% | 975 | 0.0% | 0.0% |
芬兰语 | 21,030 | 0.3% | 0.1% | 17,415 | 0.3% | 0.1% | 2,790 | 0.0% | 0.0% |
佛莱明语 | 5,665 | 0.1% | 0.0% | 4,690 | 0.1% | 0.0% | 3,895 | 0.1% | 0.0% |
菲士兰语 | 2,890 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 14,935 | 0.1% | N/A | 2,100 | 0.0% | 0.0% |
德语 | 450,570 | 7.3% | 1.4% | 409,200 | 6.2% | 1.2% | 384,035 | 5.2% | 1.1% |
希腊语 | 108,925 | 1.7% | 0.3% | 106,525 | 1.5% | 0.3% | 117,285 | 1.9% | 0.4% |
匈牙利语 | 73,335 | 1.2% | 0.2% | 67,920 | 1.0% | 0.2% | 61,235 | 0.8% | 0.2% |
冰岛语 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | 1,285 | 0.0% | 0.0% |
义大利语 | 455,040 | 7.4% | 1.5% | 407,485 | 6.2% | 1.2% | 375,635 | 5.1% | 1.1% |
拉脱维亚语 | 6,995 | 0.1% | 0.0% | 6,200 | 0.1% | 0.0% | 5,455 | 0.1% | 0.0% |
立陶宛语 | 8,335 | 0.1% | 0.0% | 7,245 | 0.1% | 0.0% | 7,075 | 0.1% | 0.0% |
马其顿语 | 18,440 | 0.3% | 0.0% | 17,245 | 0.3% | 0.1% | 16,775 | 0.2% | 0.0% |
马尔他语 | 6,405 | 0.1% | 0.0% | 6,220 | 0.1% | 0.0% | 5,565 | 0.1% | 0.0% |
挪威语 | 7,225 | 0.1% | 0.0% | 5,800 | 0.1% | 0.0% | 4,615 | 0.1% | 0.0% |
波兰语 | 211,175 | 3.4% | 0.7% | 191,645 | 2.9% | 0.6% | 181,710 | 2.5% | 0.5% |
葡萄牙语 | 219,270 | 3.6% | 0.7% | 211,335 | 3.2% | 0.6% | 221,540 | 3.0% | 0.6% |
罗马尼亚语 | 78,500 | 1.3% | 0.3% | 90,300 | 1.4% | 0.3% | 96,665 | 1.3% | 0.3% |
俄语 | 133,575 | 2.2% | 0.4% | 164,330 | 2.5% | 0.5% | 188,255 | 2.6% | 0.5% |
苏格兰盖尔语 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | 1,090 | 0.0% | 0.0% |
塞尔维亚语 | 51,665 | 0.8% | 0.2% | 56,420 | 0.9% | 0.2% | 57,350 | 0.8% | 0.2% |
塞尔维亚-克罗埃西亚语 | 12,510 | 0.2% | 0.0% | 10,155 | 0.2% | 0.0% | 9,555 | 0.1% | 0.0% |
斯洛伐克语 | 18,825 | 0.3% | 0.1% | 17,580 | 0.3% | 0.1% | 17,580 | 0.2% | 0.1% |
斯洛文尼亚语 | 13,135 | 0.2% | 0.0% | 10,775 | 0.2% | 0.0% | 9,790 | 0.1% | 0.0% |
西班牙语[nb 3] | 345,345 | 5.6% | 1.1% | 410,670 | 6.3% | 1.2% | 458,850 | 6.3% | 1.3% |
瑞典语 | 8,220 | 0.1% | 0.0% | 7,350 | 0.1% | 0.0% | 6,840 | 0.1% | 0.0% |
乌克兰语 | 134,500 | 2.2% | 0.4% | 111,540 | 1.7% | 0.3% | 102,485 | 1.4% | 0.3% |
威尔斯语 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | 1,075 | 0.0% | 0.0% |
意第绪语 | 16,295 | 0.3% | 0.1% | 15,205 | 0.2% | 0.0% | 13,555 | 0.2% | 0.0% |
年分 | 人口 | 占加拿大移民人口的百分比(%) | 占加拿大总人口百分比(%) |
---|---|---|---|
1986[36] | 2,430,470 | 62.2% | 9.3% |
1991[36] | 2,364,695 | 54.5% | 8.4% |
1996[36] | 2,334,005 | 47.0% | 7.9% |
2001[37] | 2,287,535 | 42.0% | 7.4% |
2006[38] | 2,269,705 | 36.7% | 7.0% |
2011[39] | 2,226,100 | 30.8% | 6.5% |
2016[40] | 2,082,765 | 27.6% | 5.7% |
文化
编辑欧裔加拿大人的文化是加拿大主流文化,欧裔加拿大人文化影响了文学、艺术、建筑、电影、戏剧、宗教、哲学、伦理学、农业技术、食品、医药、科学、技术、时尚、服饰风格、音乐、语言、商业、经济学、法律制度和政治制度领域。欧裔加拿大人文化最早受到英格兰、苏格兰、威尔斯、爱尔兰和法国的移民影响,为加拿大最大的群体。加拿大的整体文化反映欧裔加拿大人的文化,也称为加拿大白人文化。加拿大独立后,欧裔加拿大人的文化一直在发展,加拿大的许多文化都显示出受到英国文化的影响,之后又受到其他欧洲文化影响。
加拿大国旗
编辑音乐歌曲
编辑- 加拿大国歌(《啊,加拿大》)-由两名法裔裔加拿大人阿多尔夫·贝西·卢提尔作法文歌词,卡利克萨·拉瓦列作曲。[42][43] 英文歌词由苏格兰裔加拿大人罗伯特·斯坦利·韦尔于1908年作词。[44]
体育
编辑- 冰球-冰球起源于19世纪1850~1860年代间的加拿大,随著驻扎在加拿大东部的士兵迁徙,而传到整个加拿大,然后成为加拿大国技。
总理
编辑加拿大总理多数具有英国裔(英格兰人、苏格兰人、阿尔斯特苏格兰人、威尔斯人)血统,也有其他欧洲民族血统。
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参见
编辑注释
编辑- ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Statistic includes all persons that did not make up part of a visible minority or an aboriginal identity.
- ^ English and French are not included here because although they are European originating languages, they are the two official languages of Canada and therefore may also be the mother tongue of non-European Canadians.
- ^ 3.0 3.1 Not all speakers are European (ie. Mexicans and South Americans).
参考文献
编辑- ^ 1.0 1.1 Government of Canada, Statistics Canada. Census Profile, 2016 Census - Canada [Country] and Canada [Country]. www12.statcan.gc.ca. 2017-02-08 [2019-08-06]. (原始内容存档于2021-03-08).
- ^ www.oxforddictionaries.com (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) Euro-Canadian definition
- ^ Kappler, Maija. Eye-Opening Show, 'First Contact,' Tackles White Canadians' Racism Toward Indigenous People. Huffington Post. [2020-10-07]. (原始内容存档于2020-11-30).
Example of White Canadian being used
- ^ Menzies, Charles. Stories from Home: First Nations, Land Claims, and Euro-Canadians. American Ethnologist (American Anthropological Association). 1994, 21 (4): 776–791. JSTOR 646839. doi:10.1525/ae.1994.21.4.02a00060.
Example of Euro-Canadian being used
- ^ A. S. Whiteley. The Peopling of the Prairie Provinces of Canada. American Journal of Sociology Volume 38. University of Chicago Press . 1932: 240–252.
The Prairie born constituted the largest single element in the population in 1926 and with those from other provinces comprised 62.75 per cent of the total. With respect to "origin," about one-half of those from Central, South, and East Europe and less than one-fourth of those from Northwest European stocks were foreign born.
- ^ James Muir. Keeping Canada British: The Ku Klux Klan in 1920s Saskatchewan by James M. Pitsula (review). University of Toronto Quarterly Volume 85. University of Toronto Press. 2016: 541-542.
Similarly, a broad spectrum of people, from J.S. Woodsworth to John Diefenbaker, accepted as truth the imagined superiority of British people and northwestern Europeans over central and southern Europeans, let alone Africans, Asians, and North American indigenous people.
- ^ Kevin Woodger, Whiteness and Ambiguous Canadianization: The Boy Scouts Association and the Canadian Cadet Organization, Journal of the Canadian Historical Association Volume 28, Canadian Historical Association: 95–126, 2017,
Indeed, the 1969 Canadian Scout Handbook section on “Canada’s National Origins,” which purported to outline Canada’s contemporary ethnic and racial composition, continued to emphasize the British and French as the two founding nations, while detailing the myriad different national origins of northwestern, Eastern and Southern European Canadians.
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- ^ 23.0 23.1 23.2 Multiculturalism and Immigration in Canada: An Introductory Reader (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) By Elspeth Cameron (Page: 73-73)
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