森林眼鏡蛇
森林眼鏡蛇(學名:Naja melanoleuca),又名黑白眼鏡蛇[4],為一種分佈於非洲中西部的毒蛇,常見於低地森林及熱帶草原,但亦能適應更乾燥的生境及擅長游泳。[5]其為眼鏡蛇屬中體型最大的成員,體長可達3.1米,也是非洲最大的眼鏡蛇。[6]此蛇食性廣泛,獵物涵蓋昆蟲及各類體型適合的爬行與哺乳動物。[4]這種眼鏡蛇機警、敏捷、危險性高[5][7],在受騷擾時會鼓起頸部並抬起前半身,作出攻擊的姿勢。由於不同因素,被森林眼鏡蛇咬傷的人不多,但一旦被咬則需盡快就醫,因其可危及生命。[8]
森林眼鏡蛇 | |
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科學分類 | |
界: | 動物界 Animalia |
門: | 脊索動物門 Chordata |
綱: | 爬蟲綱 Reptilia |
目: | 有鱗目 Squamata |
亞目: | 蛇亞目 Serpentes |
科: | 眼鏡蛇科 Elapidae |
屬: | 眼鏡蛇屬 Naja |
種: | 森林眼鏡蛇 N. melanoleuca
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二名法 | |
Naja melanoleuca | |
異名[2] | |
列表
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參考來源
編輯- ^ Jallow, M., Penner, J., Rödel, M.-O., Luiselli, L., Chippaux, J.-P., Gonwouo, N.L., Kusamba, C. & Zassi-Boulou, A.-G. 2021. Naja melanoleuca. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2021: e.T13265900A13265907. https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T13265900A13265907.en. Downloaded on 12 August 2021.
- ^ 2.0 2.1 Naja melanoleuca. Encyclopedia of Life. [2014-03-22]. (原始內容存檔於2013-09-16).
- ^ Naja melanoleuca. ITIS (整合分類學資訊系統). [07-01-2015]. (原始內容存檔於2011-10-24).
- ^ 4.0 4.1 Naja melanoleuca. Clinical Toxinology Resource. University of Adelaide(阿德雷得大學). [2014-03-22]. (原始內容存檔於2013-11-05).
- ^ 5.0 5.1 O'Shea, M. Venomous Snakes of the World. United Kingdom: New Holland Publishers. 2005: 71. ISBN 0-691-12436-1.
- ^ Burton, M. International Wildlife Encyclopedia. United States: Marshall Cavendish Corp; 3rd edition. 2002: 481–482. ISBN 0-7614-7270-3.
- ^ Haji, R. Venomous snakes and snake bite (PDF). Zoocheck Canada Inc.: 14. [2012-02-27]. (原始內容 (PDF)存檔於2012-04-25).
- ^ Immediate First Aid for bites by the Forest cobra (Naja melanoleuca). Toxicology. University of California, San Diego. [2014-03-22]. (原始內容存檔於2014-02-12).
Clinical experience with Naja melanoleuca has been very sparse, and few recorded bites have been documented.