华纳兄弟影业
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华纳兄弟影业（英语：Warner Bros. Pictures；商业名称：华纳兄弟影业集团，[Warner Bros. Pictures Group]）是一家美国电影制作和分销电影制片厂，华纳兄弟娱乐公司子公司，总部位于加利福尼亚州伯班克，是华纳兄弟的旗舰品牌。
| Warner Bros. Pictures | |
|---|---|
 Logo used since the 2023 | |
| 曾用名 | Warner Bros. Pictures, Inc. (1923–1967) Warner Bros.-Seven Arts, Inc. (1967–1970) Warner Bros. Inc. (1970–1992) |
| 公司类型 | Division |
| 公司前身 | Warner Features Company |
| 成立 | 1923年4月4日[1] |
| 创办人 | |
| 代表人物 |
|
| 总部 | 美国伯班克4000 Warner Boulevard |
| 业务范围 | 全球 |
| 产业 | Entertainment |
| 产品 | 电影 |
| 营业额 | ▲ 138.66亿美元（2017年）[2] |
| 息税前利润 | ▲ 17.61亿美元（2017年）[2] |
| 所有权者 | WarnerMedia Studios & Networks Group (WarnerMedia a subsidiary of AT&T) (spin-out into independent entity pending, to be merged with Discovery, Inc.) |
| 员工人数 | 约8,000人（2014年）[3] |
| 母公司 | 华纳兄弟娱乐公司 |
| 主要子公司 | |
| 网站 | www |
华纳兄弟影业成立于1923年，由哈里·华纳、阿尔伯特·华纳、山姆·华纳和杰克·华纳创办，除了制作自己的电影外，还处理由其他华纳兄弟公司制作和发行的电影，包办电影制作运营、院线发行、营销和推广，其中包括华纳兄弟动画公司、华纳动画集团、新线影业、DC影业和城堡石娱乐公司，以及其他第三方生产商。
历史 编辑
| 此章节需要扩充。 (2020年5月1日) |
华纳兄弟影业 编辑
In 1927, Warner Bros. Pictures revolutionized the film industry when the American-Jewish Warner brothers released their first pictures "talkie" The Jazz Singer starring Al Jolson. Unfortunately, founding member Sam Warner died prior to the premiere of the film.[4] From 1923 to 1967, Warner Bros. was known as Warner Bros. Pictures, Inc. as their main focus was entirely on the motion picture industry. When the company diversified over the years, it was eventually rebranded to its current umbrella name, but Warner Bros. Pictures continued to be used as the name of the film production arm of the company.
The division was incorporated as Warner Bros. Pictures on March 3, 2003 to diversify film subjects and expand audiences for their film releases.[5] The company became part of the Warner Bros. Pictures Group, which was established in 2008, and Jeff Robinov was appointed the first president of the company.[6] In 2017, longtime New Line executive Toby Emmerich joined as president. In January 2018, he was elevated to chairman.[7][8] On October 23, 2018 it was announced Lynne Frank, President of Warner Bros. Pictures Group, would be leaving the company to pursue new opportunities.[9] In June 2019, Warner Bros. Pictures signed an agreement with SF Studios to have their films distributed in Sweden, Denmark, Norway, and Finland.[10]
As with most other film distributors, Warner Bros. Pictures struggled with releasing films during the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic due to restrictions on theater openings. After pushing several films planned for 2020 into 2021, WB announced in December 2020 that they would take the unusual approach of having their entire slate of 2021 films planned for both theatrical release as well as having a simultaneous one-month period of availability on the HBO Max streaming service, in a similar manner for how they were releasing Wonder Woman 1984 that month. After one month, such films would still be available in theaters and would then later be available via home media under typical release schedules.[11] The move to include streaming was criticized by production companies, directors, and actors as Warner Bros. Pictures had not informed anyone about the plan ahead of the announcement, as well of concerns of lower payouts due to the streaming options,[12] leading Warner Bros. Pictures to alter its compensation rates for the affected films by January 2021 to provide larger payouts to casts and crews of these films.[13]
电影图书馆 编辑
| 此条目包含过多仅特定读者会感兴趣的过度细节内容。 (2017年10月1日) |
Mergers and acquisitions have helped Warner Bros. accumulate a diverse collection of films, cartoons and television programs. As of 2019, Warner Bros. owned more than 100,000 hours of programming, including 8,600 feature films and 5,000 television programs comprising tens of thousands of individual episodes.[14]
In the aftermath of the 1948 antitrust suit, uncertain times led Warner Bros. in 1956 to sell most of its pre-1950[15][16][17] films and cartoons to Associated Artists Productions (a.a.p.). In addition, a.a.p. also obtained the Fleischer Studios and Famous Studios Popeye cartoons, originally from Paramount Pictures. Two years later, a.a.p. was sold to United Artists, which owned the company until 1981, when Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer acquired United Artists.[18][19]
In 1982, during their independent years, Turner Broadcasting System acquired Brut Productions, the film production arm of France-based then-struggling personal-care company Faberge Inc.[20]
In 1986, Turner Broadcasting System acquired Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. Finding itself in debt, Turner Entertainment kept the pre-May 1986 MGM film and television libraries and a small portion of the United Artists library (including the a.a.p. library and North American rights to the RKO Radio Pictures library) while spinning off the rest of MGM.[21]
In 1989, Warner Communications acquired Lorimar-Telepictures Corporation.[22][23] Lorimar's catalogue included the post-1974 library of Rankin/Bass Productions, and the post-1947 library of Monogram Pictures/Allied Artists Pictures Corporation.
In 1991, Turner Broadcasting System acquired animation studio Hanna-Barbera and the Ruby-Spears library from Great American Broadcasting, and years later, Turner Broadcasting System acquired Castle Rock Entertainment on December 22, 1993[24][25] and New Line Cinema on January 28, 1994.[26][27] On October 10, 1996, Time Warner acquired Turner Broadcasting System, thus bringing Warner Bros.' pre-1950 library back home. In addition, Warner Bros. only owns Castle Rock Entertainment's post-1994 library.
In 2008, Time Warner integrated New Line to Warner Bros.
In June 2016, it created the Harry Potter Global Franchise Development Team to oversee its ownership of the Harry Potter franchise worldwide (including the Wizarding World trademark).[28]
- Warner Bros
- Warner Bros Pictures library (post-1950, 1950-present)
- Warner Bros. Television Studios library (1955-present)
- Alloy Entertainment library (2005-present)
- Telepictures library (1979-present)
- Rankin/Bass Productions library (post 1974. 1974-1989, 1999-2001)
- Lorimar Television library (1971-1993)
- Warner Animation Group library (2013-present)
- Warner Bros. Feature Animation library (1990-2004)
- Warner Bros Animation library (1980-present)
- Warner Bros. Cartoons library (post-1950, 1950-1969)
- Warner Bros. Family Entertainment library (1992-2009)
- Warner Premiere library (2007-2014)
- Hanna-Barbera library (1957-2001)
- Ruby-Spears Enterprises library (Pre 1991)
- Cartoon Network Studios library (1996-present)
- Adult Swim/Williams Street library (1994-present)
- New Line Cinema library (1982-present)
- New Line Television library (1988-2008)
- Castle Rock Entertainment films library (post-1994, 1994-present)
- Castle Rock Entertainment television library (post-1994, 1994-present)
- DC Films (2016-present)
- HBO Films libraries, co-owned by HBO (1983-present)
- Home video distribution rights of Cannon Films libraries (post-1991)
- Turner Entertainment
- MGM film library (pre-May 1986)
- MGM Television library (pre-1985)
- MGM Cartoons library (pre-1967)
- United Artists/Associated Artists Productions libraries:
- Warner Bros Pictures library (pre-1950)
- First National Pictures library (1923-1936)
- Warner Bros. Cartoons library (pre-August 1948)
- Fleischer Studios/Famous Studios Popeye cartoons (1933-1957)
- Warner Bros Pictures library (pre-1950)
- RKO Pictures live action library's US, Canadian, UK, Australian, German and Italian distribution rights (pre-1960)
- Brut Productions library (1973-1982)
- MGM film library (pre-May 1986)
电影作品 编辑
华纳兄弟影业的首部发行的真人电影是《我在德国的四年》（1918年），首部动画电影是《Gay Purr-ee》（1962年），华纳兄弟动画公司和华纳动画集团制作的动画电影，同样由华纳兄弟影业发行。华纳兄弟影业共有25部作品荣获奥斯卡最佳影片奖提名：Disraeli（1929）、牢狱余生（1932）、42nd Street（1933）、Here Comes the Navy（1934）、A Midsummer Night's Dream（1935）、风流世家（1936）、左拉传（1937）、侠盗罗宾汉（1938）、Four Daughters（1938）、红衫泪痕（1938）、卿何薄命（1939），以及其他著名作品。
票房最高的电影 编辑
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注解 编辑
- ^ co-owned by New Line Cinema and Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Pictures (the film's producers)
参考资料 编辑
- ^ Company history. Warnerbros.com. [April 9, 2014]. （原始内容存档于2015-10-16）.
- ^ 2.0 2.1 2017 Annual Report (PDF). 华纳媒体. 2018 [April 26, 2019]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2018-07-08）.
- ^ Patten, Dominic; Yamato, Jen. Warner Bros Layoffs Long Planned But "Accelerated" By Failed Fox Bid. Deadline Hollywood. [September 6, 2014]. （原始内容存档于2014-09-06）.
- ^ Warner, Movie Magnate, Dies: Sam Warner, Former Youngstown Man, Rose from Obscurity to Leader in Field. The Youngstown Daily Vindicator. October 5, 1927.
- ^ Business Entity Detail: Warner Bros. Pictures (search on Entity Number: C2502930). California Business Search. California Secretary of State. [June 19, 2019]. （原始内容存档于2016-12-29）.
- ^ Halbfinger, David. Warner's Production Chief to Also Oversee Distribution. November 27, 2007 [2021-06-24]. （原始内容存档于2019-12-19）.
- ^ Lang, Brent. Warner Bros. Shake-Up: Toby Emmerich Named Film Chairman, Sue Kroll Out. Variety. 2018-01-09 [2020-02-07]. （原始内容存档于2021-04-30） （英语）.
- ^ Warner Bros. Shake-Up: Toby Emmerich Named Film Chairman, Sue Kroll Out. Variety. January 9, 2018 [2021-06-24]. （原始内容存档于2021-04-30）.
- ^ Warner Bros International Marketing President Lynne Frank To Exit. Deadline. October 23, 2018 [2021-06-24]. （原始内容存档于2021-04-30）.
- ^ Warner Bros, SF Studios Expand Distribution Deal Across Scandinavia. Variety. June 25, 2019 [2021-06-24]. （原始内容存档于2021-04-30）.
- ^ Rubin, Rebecca; Donnelly, Matt. Warner Bros. to Debut Entire 2021 Film Slate, Including ‘Dune’ and ‘Matrix 4,’ Both on HBO Max and In Theaters. Variety. December 3, 2020 [December 3, 2020]. （原始内容存档于2020-12-03）.
- ^ Barnes, Brooks; Sperling, Nicole. Trading Box Office for Streaming, but Stars Still Want Their Money. The New York Times. December 7, 2020 [January 18, 2021]. （原始内容存档于2021-06-25）.
- ^ Shaw, Lucas; Gilbolm, Kelly. Warner Bros. Guarantees Filmmakers a Payday for HBO Max Movies. Bloomberg News. January 9, 2021 [January 18, 2021]. （原始内容存档于2021-06-08）.
- ^ WarnerBros.com – Company Overview. Warner Bros. [September 29, 2019]. （原始内容存档于2019-09-29）.
- ^ Schickel & Perry 2008，第255页
- ^ WB retained a pair of features from 1949 that they merely distributed, and all short subjects released on or after September 1, 1948; in addition to all cartoons released in August 1948
- ^ Media History Digital Library. archive.org. [September 17, 2019]. （原始内容存档于March 25, 2019）.
- ^ Hoyt, Eric. Hollywood Vault: Film Libraries Before Home Video. Univ of California Press. 2014-07-03 [2021-06-24]. ISBN 978-0-520-95857-9. （原始内容存档于2021-04-30） （英语）.
- ^ Cole, Robert J. M-G-M Is Reported Purchasing United Artists for $350 million. The New York Times. May 16, 1981 [October 26, 2016]. ISSN 0362-4331. （原始内容存档于2016-09-08）.
- ^ Faberge Sells Brut's Assets. The New York Times. [November 27, 2014]. （原始内容存档于2017-07-01）.
- ^ Turner Sells Fabled MGM but Keeps a Lion's Share. Los Angeles Times. 1985-12-20 [2018-02-02]. （原始内容存档于2017-08-01）.
- ^ Crash Landing Merv Adelson—TV mogul, multimillionaire, and friend of the famous—lived a show-business fantasy. His bankruptcy has shocked Hollywood. – November 10, 2003. cnn.com. [September 2, 2015]. （原始内容存档于2013-01-26）.
- ^ Warner Completes Merger With Lorimar Telepictures. The Los Angeles Times. [2010-10-23]. （原始内容存档于2012-11-03）.
- ^ Turner Broadcasting Company Report. sec.gov. Securities and Exchange Commission. [November 8, 2017]. （原始内容存档于2017-07-10）.
- ^ Done deal: Turner Broadcasting System Inc. said it closed...... Chicage Tribune. [September 2, 2015]. （原始内容存档于2016-03-02）.
- ^ New Line to Join Ted Turner Empire Today : Film: With more money, the company is likely to add a few big movies to its annual production schedule.. Los Angeles Times. 1994-01-28 [2019-10-30]. （原始内容存档于2019-03-25）.
- ^ New Line Cinema. ethicalbusinessbureau.com. [2019-10-30]. （原始内容存档于2016-03-02）.
- ^ Barraclough, Leo. Warner Bros. Completes Harry Potter Franchise Team With Polly Cochrane Promotion. Variety. June 8, 2016 [December 12, 2017]. （原始内容存档于2017-12-01）.
- ^ Box Office by Studio – Warner Bros. All Time. Box Office Mojo. [15 August 2017]. （原始内容存档于2017-08-16）.
外部链接 编辑
- 官方网站
- 互联网电影数据库上Warner Bros.的资料（英文）