西吡氯銨

化合物

西吡氯銨(cetylpyridinium chloride,CPC)是一種陽離子季銨鹽化合物,屬陽離子表面活性劑,全名:氯化十六烷基吡啶水合物[2](1-氯化十六烷基吡啶的一水合物[3]),主要通過降低表面張力而起到抑菌和殺菌作用,對於細菌、病毒、真菌等均有良好療效。該化合物用於某些類型的漱口水牙膏潤喉糖咽喉噴霧劑英語Chloraseptic口腔噴霧劑鼻腔噴霧劑英語Nasal spray中。

西吡氯銨
Skeletal formula of cetylpyridinium cation with a chloride anion
Space-filling models of the component ions of cetylpyridinium chloride
IUPAC名
1-Hexadecylpyridinium chloride
別名 Acetoquat CPC;
Pyrisept

EXADECYL-PYRIDINIUM, CHLORIDE

識別
CAS號 123-03-5  checkY
6004-24-6((monohydrate) D08AJ03,
D09AA07 (dressing), R02AA06 checkY
PubChem 31239
ChemSpider 28979
SMILES
 
  • [Cl-].[n+]1(ccccc1)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC
InChI
 
  • 1/C21H38N.ClH/c1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-16-19-22-20-17-15-18-21-22;/h15,17-18,20-21H,2-14,16,19H2,1H3;1H/q+1;/p-1
InChIKey YMKDRGPMQRFJGP-REWHXWOFAU
Beilstein 3578606
ChEBI 32915
性質
化學式 C21H38ClN
摩爾質量 339.99 g·mol−1
外觀 Solid
熔點 77 °C(350 K)
藥理學
ATC代碼 B05CA01B05
危險性
致死量或濃度:
LD50中位劑量
36 mg/kg (rabbit, iv)[1]
400 mg/kg (rabbit, oral)[1]
6 mg/kg (rat, ip)[1]
30 mg/kg (rat, iv)[1]
200 mg/kg (rat, oral)[1]
250 mg/kg (rat, sc)[1]
10 mg/kg (mouse, ip)[1]
108 mg/kg (mouse, oral)[1]
若非註明,所有數據均出自標準狀態(25 ℃,100 kPa)下。

西吡氯銨是一種抗菌劑,但不屬於抗生素[4],可殺死細菌和其他微生物。它已證明能有效預防牙菌斑和減少牙齦炎[5][6],還可用於某些殺蟲劑[7]

參考文獻

編輯
  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 Lewis, Richard J. Sax's Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials  9th. New York, NY: Van Nostrand Reinhold. 1996: 691. 
  2. ^ 趙楠, 吳桐, 王娟, 等. 西吡氯銨含片治療口腔念珠菌病臨床療效觀察 [J/CD] . 中華口腔醫學研究雜誌(電子版),2018,12 (3): 158-163. DOI: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-1366.2018.03.004
  3. ^ https://www.nmpa.gov.cn/wwwroot/hy5/094.htm
  4. ^ Xu H, Zou G, Zhang X. [Clinical observation of cetylpyridinium chloride buccal tablets combined with Chinese patent medicine in the treatment of acute pharyngitis]. Lin Chuang Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi. 2020 Aug;34(8):755-757. Chinese. doi: 10.13201/j.issn.2096-7993.2020.08.018. PMID 32842213; PMCID: PMC10127928.
  5. ^ Asadoorian, Joanna; Williams, Karen. Cetylpyridinium chloride mouth rinse on gingivitis and plaque. Journal of Dental Hygiene. 2008, 82 (5). 
  6. ^ Haps, S.; Slot, D. E.; Berchier, C. E.; Van Der Weijden, G. A. The effect of cetylpyridinium chloride-containing mouth rinses as adjuncts to toothbrushing on plaque and parameters of gingival inflammation: A systematic review. International Journal of Dental Hygiene. 2008, 6 (4): 290–303. PMID 19138180. doi:10.1111/j.1601-5037.2008.00344.x. 
  7. ^ Rahman, B.; Alkawas, S.; Al Zubaidi, E. A.; Adel, O. I.; Hawas, N. Comparative antiplaque and antigingivitis effectiveness of tea tree oil mouthwash and a cetylpyridinium chloride mouthwash: A randomized controlled crossover study. Contemporary Clinical Dentistry. 2014, 5 (4): 466–470. PMC 4229754 . PMID 25395761. doi:10.4103/0976-237X.142813.