美法仑

化合物

美法仑(Melphalan,台湾常称为威克瘤注射剂)是一种化学疗法,用于治疗多发性骨髓瘤卵巢癌黑色素瘤淀粉样变[7]。可以口服或静脉注射[7]

美法仑
临床资料
商品名英语Drug nomenclatureAlkeran, Evomela, Phelinun, others
其他名称(2S)-2-amino-3-{4-[bis(2-chloroethyl)amino]phenyl}propanoic acid
AHFS/Drugs.comMonograph
MedlinePlusa682220
核准状况
给药途径口服给药, 静脉注射, 动脉内英语intra-arterial注射
ATC码
法律规范状态
法律规范
药物动力学数据
生物利用度25–89% (口服)
药物代谢水解成无活性代谢物
生物半衰期1.5 ± 0.8 小时
排泄途径 (IV: 5.8–21.3%)
识别信息
  • 4-[bis(2-Chloroethyl)amino]-L-phenylalanine
CAS号148-82-3  checkY
PubChem CID
IUPHAR/BPS
DrugBank
ChemSpider
UNII
KEGG
ChEBI
ChEMBL
CompTox Dashboard英语CompTox Chemicals Dashboard (EPA)
ECHA InfoCard100.005.207 编辑维基数据链接
化学信息
化学式C13H18Cl2N2O2
摩尔质量305.20 g·mol−1
3D模型(JSmol英语JSmol
  • c1cc(ccc1C[C@@H](C(=O)O)N)N(CCCl)CCCl
  • InChI=1S/C13H18Cl2N2O2/c14-5-7-17(8-6-15)11-3-1-10(2-4-11)9-12(16)13(18)19/h1-4,12H,5-9,16H2,(H,18,19)/t12-/m0/s1 checkY
  • Key:SGDBTWWWUNNDEQ-LBPRGKRZSA-N checkY

常见副作用包括恶心和骨髓抑制[7]。其他严重副作用包括可能产生严重过敏反应和引发其他癌症[7]。孕期使用可能会对婴儿有害[8]。它属于氮芥类的烷化剂[7]。作用机转是干扰DNARNA的产生[7]

美法仑于 1964 年在美国取得医疗使用许可[7]。名列世界卫生组织基本药物标准清单[9]。已有学名药流通于市[10]

参考文献

编辑
  1. ^ Prescription medicines: registration of new generic medicines and biosimilar medicines, 2017. Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA). 21 June 2022 [30 March 2024]. 
  2. ^ Alkeran- melphalan tablet, film coated. DailyMed. 18 November 2019 [23 April 2022]. 
  3. ^ Evomela- melphalan injection, powder, lyophilized, for solution. DailyMed. 31 December 2021 [23 April 2022]. 
  4. ^ Evomela (Captisol-enabled melphalan HCl) for Injection. U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). 30 November 2016 [7 September 2023]. 
  5. ^ https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2023/201848s000lbl.pdf [裸网址]
  6. ^ Phelinun EPAR. European Medicines Agency (EMA). 15 September 2020 [23 April 2022].  Text was copied from this source which is copyright European Medicines Agency. Reproduction is authorized provided the source is acknowledged.
  7. ^ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.6 Melphalan Monograph for Professionals. Drugs.com. American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. [9 October 2019]. 
  8. ^ Melphalan Use During Pregnancy. Drugs.com. [9 October 2019]. (原始内容存档于9 October 2019).  互联网档案馆存档,存档日期9 October 2019.
  9. ^ World Health Organization. World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 21st list 2019. Geneva: World Health Organization. 2019. WHO/MVP/EMP/IAU/2019.06. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO. 
  10. ^ British national formulary : BNF 76 76. Pharmaceutical Press. 2018: 873–874. ISBN 9780857113382.