嚴重急性呼吸道症候群相關冠狀病毒
嚴重急性呼吸窘迫症候群相關病毒(英語:Severe acute respiratory syndrome–related coronavirus),簡稱SARS相關冠狀病毒(SARSr-CoV),是冠狀病毒科乙型冠狀病毒屬的一個種。[2]該種病毒現有2個可傳染人的分型[3]。
嚴重急性呼吸道症候群相關冠狀病毒![]() | |
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病毒分類 ![]() | |
(未分級): | 病毒 Virus |
域: | 核糖病毒域 Riboviria |
界: | 正核糖病毒界 Orthornavirae |
門: | 小核糖病毒門 Pisuviricota |
綱: | 小南嵌套病毒綱 Pisoniviricetes |
目: | 套式病毒目 Nidovirales |
科: | 冠狀病毒科 Coronaviridae |
屬: | 乙型冠狀病毒屬 Betacoronavirus |
亞屬: | SARS乙型冠狀病毒亞屬 Sarbecovirus |
種: | 嚴重急性呼吸道症候群相關冠狀病毒 Severe acute respiratory
syndrome-related coronavirus |
病毒株 | |
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「SARS-CoV」的各地常用譯名 | |
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中國大陸 | 嚴重急性呼吸窘迫綜合徵相關病毒[1] |
臺灣 | 嚴重急性呼吸道症候群相關冠狀病毒 |
港澳 | 嚴重急性呼吸系統綜合症相關冠狀病毒 |
分型
編輯- 第一個分型稱為嚴重急性呼吸道症候群冠狀病毒1型(英語:Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 1,簡稱SARS-CoV-1)[3],發現於2003年,引發了嚴重急性呼吸道症候群的疫情,有可能是通過菊頭蝠傳播到人類的[4]。
- 第二個分型稱為嚴重急性呼吸道症候群冠狀病毒2型(英語:Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2,簡稱SARS-CoV-2),發現於2019年,引發了嚴重特殊傳染性肺炎的疫情[3],有研究認為,該病毒類型可能是通過馬來穿山甲傳播給人類的[5][6]。截至2021年6月,病毒溯源工作仍在進行[7]。統計至2021年2月4日為止,病例數約為SARS-CoV的12800倍,病逝人數約為2900倍。
- 關係圖
嚴重急性呼吸道症候群相關冠狀病毒 SARSr-CoV | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
嚴重急性呼吸道症候群冠狀病毒1型 SARS-CoV-1 | 嚴重急性呼吸道症候群冠狀病毒2型 SARS-CoV-2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
演化樹
編輯截至2021年1月[update],SARS-CoV與相關病毒株的系統發生樹:
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SARS-CoV-2 79 % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
SARS-CoV-2與相關病毒株的系統發生樹[15][16] :
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SARS-CoV 79% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
參考文獻
編輯引用
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外部連結
編輯- WHO press release identifying and naming the SARS virus(頁面存檔備份,存於網際網路檔案館)
- The SARS virus genetic map
- Science special on the SARS virus(頁面存檔備份,存於網際網路檔案館) (free content: no registration required)
- McGill University SARS Resources. [2015-06-15]. (原始內容存檔於2005-03-01).
- U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) SARS home
- World Health Organization on alert(頁面存檔備份,存於網際網路檔案館)
- SARS coronavirus. NCBI Taxonomy Browser. [2020-02-14]. 227859. (原始內容存檔於2020-11-14).
- Survival of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus(頁面存檔備份,存於網際網路檔案館)