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语义学语用学术语整理、翻译、规范化(欢迎大家一起编辑)

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英文 推荐中文译名 其他中文译名 备注
Ability (modality) 能力情态
Abstract Categorial Grammar 抽象范畴语法
Accessibility 可及关系 可及性
Accomplishment
Achievement
Activity
Adjective 形容词
Adjective, absolulte 绝对形容词
Adjective, adverbial 副词性形容词
Adjective, attributive 定语形容词
Adjective, predicative 表语形容词
Adjective, gradable 可分级形容词
Adjective, intensional 内涵形容词
Adjective, intersective 交集形容词
Adjective, relational 关系形容词
Adjective, relative 相对形容词
Adverb 副词
Adverb, degree 程度副词
Adverb, frequency 频率副词
Adverb, intensifier 强化副词
Adverb, manner 方式副词
Adverb, modal 情态副词
Adverb of quantification 量化副词
Adverb, temporal 时间副词
Ajdukiewicz Calculus
Aktionsart 词汇体 动相,时相
Algebra 代数
Algebra, Boolean 布尔代数
Algebra, Heyting 海廷代数
Algebraic closure 代数闭包 代数的闭包
Alternative semantics
Ambiguity 歧义
Ambiguity, lexical 词汇歧义
Ambiguity, analytical 分析歧义
Ambiguity, hypothetical 假设歧义
Ambiguity, pragmatic 语用歧义
Ambiguity, referential 指称歧义
Ambiguity, scopal/scope 辖域歧义
Anaphora 狭义:回指,广义:照应 前指照应
Answerhood
Antecedent 前件(逻辑),先行词(语法)
Antecedent, falsity of the
Application 贴合
Application, function 函数贴合 泛函贴合 泛函贴合流通较广,但与数学中的泛函概念有所冲突。
Appositive 同位语
Approximation
Artificial Intelligence 人工智能
Argument 论元 变元自变量主目 该词条译名过多,宜仔细讨论
Aspect 时态
Aspect composition
Aspect, grammatical 语法体
Aspect, imperfective 非完整体
Aspect, indefinite 不定体
Aspect, lexical 词汇体
Aspect, perfective 完整体
Aspect, progressive 进行体
Aspect, prospective
Associativity
Asymmetry 不对称
Atelicity
Atom 原子
Attitude verb 态度动词
Attributive definite
Background
Bare plural 光杆复数形式
Bayesian analysis 贝叶斯分析
Bedeutung
Behaviorism 行为主义
Belief report
β-reduction β-还原
Binary function 二元函数
Binary relation 二元关系
Binary structure 二分结构
Bisimulation 双模仿性
Bivalence
Bouletic modality 意愿情态
Brevity, maxim of
Bridging antecedent
Cardinality
Cartesian product 笛卡尔积
Case Grammar 格语法
Cataphora 预指 后指照应
Categorial Grammar 范畴语法
Categorial judgment 范畴判断
Centered world
Centering
Character content
Characteristic function
Charity, principle of
Choice function
Circumstance of evaluation
Circumstantial modality 情势情态
Coercion
Cognition 认知
Coherence
Cohesion
Collectivity
Combinator
Commitment
Common ground
Common noun 普通名词
Commutativity 交换律
Comparative
Comparative linguistics 比较语言学
Comparison class
Competence 能力
Complement 补语
Complement function
Complement set 补集
Complex expression
Complex nominal
Complex type
Composition 组合
Composition as identity
Composition, aspectual
Composition by computation
Composition, function/type/relation
Composition, meaning 意义组合
Composition, modes of 组合模式
Composition, syntactic 句法组合
Compositionality 能组性
Computational linguistics 计算语言学
Computational semantics 计算语义学
Computer science 计算机科学
Concatenation
Concept 概念
Conceptual model 概念模型
Conclusion 结论
Concrete type
Conditional 条件
Conditional, counterfactual (subjunctive) 违实条件 反事实条件
Conditional, imperative (anankastic) 祈使条件
Conditional, indicative
Conditional, interrogative 疑问条件
Conditional, material 实质条件 实质蕴涵论理包含
Conditional, probability 概率条件
Conditional, quantificational (restricted) 量化条件限定条件
Conditional, referential (plural) 指称条件
Conditional, relevance (biscuit) 关联条件
Conditional, strict (variably) 严格条件
Conditional, three-valued 三值条件
Conditional Excluded Middle 条件排中
Conditional presupposition 条件预设
Conditional reasoning 条件推理
Conditional sentence 条件句
Congruence 合同
Conjunction 合取
Consequent 后件
Consequent, truth of the 后件真值
Conservativity 保守性
Constant denotation
Constituent 成分
Constraint-satisfaction
Content word 实词
Context 语境
Context change potential 语境变更势能 上下文变化力
Context dependence 语境依赖
Context of use
Context set (Common ground)
Contextualism (relativism)
Continuation semantics
Contradiction 矛盾
Contraposition
Contrariety
Contrast 对比
Contrast, rhematic
Contrast, thematic
Conversational move 对话招数
Conversational relevance 对话关联
Cooperative Principle 合作原则
Maxim of Manner 方式准则
Maxim of Quality 质准则
Maxim of Quantity 量准则
Maxim of Relation 关系准则
Coordination
Count noun 可数名词
Countefactual Conditional 反事实条件
Counterpart
Credence
Cumulativity
Curry 柯里
Currying 柯里化
De dicto 从言 涉名
De re 从实 涉实
De Saussure, Ferdinand 索绪尔
Decision Theory 决定理论
Declarative 陈述句
Decomposition 分解
Decomposition, feature-based
Decomposition, structural
Deduction 演绎
Deduction, natural 自然演绎
Default rule (reasoning)
Definite tense 定时态
Indefinite tense 不定时态
Definite NP 定名词短语
Indefinite NP 不定名词短语
Anaphoric indefinite NP
Attributive indefinite NP
Quantificational attributive NP
Referential attributive NP
Definite (有)定
Indefinite 不定 无定的
Definiteness 定性
Degree modifier
Demonstrative
Demonstrative reference
Denotation
Denotation, arbitrary
Deontic modality 道义情态 规范情态
Dependence logic 依存逻辑
Dependent plural 依存复数
Descriptivism 描写主义
Determiner 限定词
Dialogue gameboard 对话棋盘
Dialogue semantics 对话语义学
Direct compositionality 直接组合性
Direct reference
Directive force
Directive meaning 指示意义
Discrete domain
Disambiguation 消歧
Discontinuity
Discourse processing 语篇处理
Discourse reference 语篇指称
Discourse referent 语篇所指
Discourse relation 语篇关系
Discourse Representation Theory 语篇表征理论 篇章表征理论、篇章表示理论
Segmented Discourse Representation Theory 分段式语篇表征理论
Discourse semantics 语篇语义学
Discourse structure 语篇结构
Disjunction 析取
Disjunctive syllogism
Distinctiveness (events)
Distributional semantics
Distributivity
Ditransitive verb 双及物动词
Divisive reference
Domain ,数学:定义域
Domain restriction
Donkey sentence 驴子句 驴句
Double negation 双重否定
Dynamic logic 动态逻辑
Dynamic Predicate Logic 动态谓词逻辑
Dynamic semantics 动态语义学
Dynamic syntax 动态句法
Dynamicity
Elaboration
Ellipsis 省略
Embedding
Entailment
Entailment, downward
Entailment, upward
Epistemic modality 认识情态 认知情态 为避免和cognitive(“认知”)混淆,epistemic建议翻译为“认识”
Epistemicism
Equivalence
Essence 本质
Essential
η-reduction η-还原
Event related potential
Event semantics 事件语义学
Evidential modality
Exclusive or
Exhaustivity
Existential 存在
Existential import
Expletive
Expressive
Extended now
Extension 外延
Intension 内涵
Factivity
Familiarity
File change semantics 文本更新语义学
Focus 焦点
Focus-sensitivity
Focus Last
Forced march
Formal semantics 形式语义学
Frame 框架
Frame semantics 框架语义学
Free choice
Frege 弗雷格
Function 函数
Function abstraction 函数抽象
Function(al) word 虚词 功能词
Future contingent
Fuzzy logic 模糊逻辑
Game logic 博弈逻辑
Game Theory 博弈论
Game-theoretic semantics 博弈论语义学
Gedanke (Thought)
Generalized Phrase Structure Grammar 广义短语结构语法 广义词组结构语法
Generalized Quantifier 广义量词
Generalized quantifier theory 广义量词理论
Generative Grammar 生成语法
Generative Lexicon Theory 生成词库理论
Generative Semantics 生成语义学
Genericity
Given/new
Gist construction
Gleichheit (Identity)
Globalism 全局主义
Glue Semantics 黏着语义学
Gradability
Graded modality
Grammar 语法
Head-Driven Phrase Structure Grammar 中心语驱动短语结构语法 中心词驱动短语结构语法、中心语驱动词组结构语法 “词”(word)在该语法中有特殊含义,head不一定是词
Lexical-Functional Grammar 词汇-功能语法 词汇-函数语法、词汇-函项语法 Functional具有函数和功能双重含义
Montague 蒙塔古 蒙塔鸠、蒙泰古、蒙塔格、蒙太古
Tree-Adjoining Grammar
Unification Grammar
Universal Grammar
Valence-Based Grammar
Grouding
Group noun
Higher-order Logic 高阶逻辑
Historical linguistics 历史语言学
Hole semantics
Holonymy 整体关系英语Holonymy 见Meronymy
Homogeneity
Homomorphism 同形
Homonymy 同形同音词
Hurford's constraint
Husserl principle
Huperintensionality
Hyperonymy 上义关系英语Hyponymy and hypernymy
Hyponymy 下义关系英语Hyponymy and hypernymy
Hypothetical judgment
Idempotence
Identity
Illocution
Imperative 祈使
Imperative conventionalization
Imperative entailment
Imperative meaning
Imperative representation
Imperative typology
Imperative embedding
Imperfective (aspect)
Imperfective paradox
Implicature
Implicature, blind
Implicature, conventional
Implicature, conversational
Implicature, embedded
Implicature, primary
Implicature, scalar
Import-Export Principle
Imprecision
Inclusive or
Incrementality
Independent Logic
Index
Indexical
Indexical, shiftable
Indifference
Indirect reference
Indiscernibility of identicals
Inference
Information state 信息状态
Information structure 信息结构
Informativity constraint
Inquisitive Semantics
Intension 内涵
Intensional Logic 内涵逻辑
Intensional modifier
Intensional semantics 内涵语义学
Intensional verb 内涵动词
Intention recognition
Intentional stance
Interjection
Interpretation function
Interpretive semantics
Interrogative
Interrogative wh-phrase
Interrogative wh-question
Intersective modifier
Intersectivity (quantifier)
Interval 区间
Interval order constraint
Interval property
Intervention effect
Intonation 语调
Intransitive verb 不及物动词
Introduction rule of function 函数带入规则 函数引入规则
Intuitionism 直觉主义
Irrealis
Isomorphism 同构
Isomorphism, intensional
Kind realization relation
Ladusaw-Fauconnier generalization
λ-abstraction λ-抽象 示例
λ-calculus λ-演算
Lambek Calculus 兰贝克演算
Lambek-Van Benthem Calculus
Language game 语言博弈
Language of thought 思维语言
Language 语言
Lattice
Lattice theory 格理论
Lewis's triviality
Lexical semantics 词汇语义学
Lexicon 词库
Lifting, type
Linguistics 语言学
Linguistics, anthropological 人类语言学
Linguistics, theoretical 理论语言学
Litotes
Localism 局部主义
Logic 逻辑
Aristotelian Logic 亚里士多德逻辑
Classical (first-order) Logic 经典逻辑
Denpendence Logic
Independencce Logic
First-Order Logic 一阶逻辑
Fuzzy Logic 模糊逻辑
Game Logic 博弈逻辑
Glue Logic 黏着逻辑
Intensional Logic 内涵逻辑
Kleene Logic 三值逻辑 克莱尼逻辑
Modal Logic 模态逻辑
Natural Logic
Paraconsistent Logic
Public Announcement Logic
Tense Logic 时态逻辑
Type Composition Logic
Logical denotation
Logical form 逻辑式(句法)
Logical positivism
Logical space 逻辑空间
Logicism
Long-distance dependency
Machine Learning
Marr-type Analysis
Mass noun
Matrix clause 主句 
Maxim of conversation 对话准则
Meaning postulate
Meaning 意义
Measure function
Membership function
Mental model
Mention-some
Mention-all
Mereology
Meronymy 分体关系英语Meronymy 见Holonymy
Mess noun
Meta-langauge 元语言
Metonymy 转喻
Minimal model
Minimal parts problem
Modal 情态模态
Modal base 情态基
Modal displacement 情态移位
Modal flavor 情态意味
Modal force 情态力
Modality 情态
Model-theoretic semantics
Modification
Modifier 修饰语
Modifier, degree
Modifier, intentional
Modifier, intersective
Modifier, non-restrictive
Modifier, appositive
Modifier, expressive
MODIFY (modifier)
POS (modifier)
RESTRICT (modifier)
Node 节点
Modifier, subsective
Modifier, temporal 时间修饰语
Modus Ponens 肯定前件
Modus Tollens 否定后件
Monotonicity 单调性
Monotonicity, left 左单调性
Monotonicity, right 右单调性
Monotonic 单调
Moore's paradox
Movement, syntactic
Multi-valuation
Multi-valued semantics 多值语义学
N-word
N400
Name
Natural language metaphysics
Neat noun
Necessity 必然
Neg-incorporation
Negation 否定
Negation, conditional
Negation, constituent
Negation, double
Negation, inner
Negation, outer
Negation, logical
Negation, quantifier
Negation, sentential
Negative 否定
Negative concord
Negative doubling
Negative polarity 否定极性
Negative polarity item 否定极性词
Negative spread
Negative quantifier
Neo-Gricean
Neuroscience
Non-monotonicity 非单调性
Non-sentential Utterance
Noun 名词
Novelty 新鲜度
Familiarity 熟悉度
Null subject
Obligation
Opaque context
Operator 算子
Optimality Theory 优选论
Or-to-If principle
Ordered pair 有序对 有序偶
Ordered tuple 有序组 n-tuple译为“n元组”
Ordering source
Ordinary language philosophy
Overlap (mereology)
Paraconsistent Logic
Parthood (mereology)
Partition theory
Partitivity
Parts
Passive
Pegasus
Perfective aspect 完整体
Performative hypothesis
Perspective (viewpoint) 视角
Philosophy 哲学
Planning (plan)
Platonism
Pluractionality
Plural 复数
Plurality
Polyadic quantifier
Polymorphic lexicon
Polysemy 多义词
Positive polarity 肯定极性
Positive polarity item 肯定极性项 肯定极性词
Possessive 属格、所有格
Possibility 可能性
Possible worlds 可能世界
Impossible worlds 不可能世界
Possible worlds limit assumption
Possible worlds selection function
Possible worlds similarity relation
Possible worlds uniqueness assumption
Powerset 幂集
Pragmatics 语用学
Prague school 布拉格学派
Predicate 语法:谓语,逻辑:谓词
Premise 前提
Present perfect puzzle
Presuppposiiton 预设
Presupposition accommodation 预设加入规则
Presupposition projection 预设投射
Presupposition resolution
Presupposition transparency
Presupposition triggering
Principle of immediacy
Priority modal
Pro-variation
Problem of unconceived alternatives
Procedural semantics
Progressive aspect 进行体
Pronominal reference
Pronoun 代词
Proof-theoretic semantics 证明论语义学
Proper name 专有名称
Proper noun 专有名词
Property
Proportional quantifier
Proposition
Austinian proposition
Centered proposition
Inquisitive proposition
Russelian (structured) proposition
Proposition set theory
Propositional attitude
Protasis
Proviso Problem
Quantificational expression
Quantifier 量词 量化词 不同于中文传统语法的量词
Bona fide quantifier
Quantifier raising
Quantifying-In 内进式量化
Quantity
Quantitization
Question 问句
Alternative question
Clarification question
Compliance question
Conditional question
Dependent question
Entailment question
Identity question
Pair-list question
Rebound question
Situationally pertinent
Question Answer Pair
Question answerhood
Question embedding
Quesetions under discussion
Maximal question under discussion (max-qud)
Quine 蒯因
Quine-Montague Hypothesis
Radical interpretation
Ramsey target
Reading 解读 含义用法
Reasoning 推理
Causal reasoning
Defeasible reasoning
Explanatory reasoning
Greedy reasoning
Predictive reasoning
Record
Reference
Reference time
Referential definite
Referential tense
Reflexive pronoun 反身代词
Reflexivity
Relative past 相对过去时
Relativism 相对主义
Relativization
Relevance 关联
Relevance, conversational
Relevance Theory 关联理论
Repair
Representation
Representationalism
Resolution 确认
Resultative
Resumption
Rheme 述题
Rigid designation
Root modality
Ross's paradox
Russell 罗素
s-denotation
s-type
Salience
Satisfaction
Saturation
Scalarity
Schönfinkel 申芬克尔
Schöfinkelization 柯里化 申芬克尔化 为了发音简便,采用柯里化
Scope 辖域
Scope ambiguity
Free scope
Intermediate scope
Inverse scope
Island scope 岛域
Narrow scope 窄域
Pseudo-scope 伪辖域
Wide scope 宽域
Self-reference
Semantic competence
Semantic role
Semantics 语义学
Semantics, cognitive 认知语义学
Semantics-Pragmatics Interface 语义-语用界面
Semelfactive
Semi-lattice 半格
Semiotics 符号学
Sense
Sentence 语句
Set theory 集合论
Shared cooperative activity, theory of
Similarity 相似性
Simple expression
Simplification of Disjunctive Antecedents
Singular 单数
Sinn
Situation model
Situation semantics
Skolem function
Sorites Paradox
Speaker-oriented modifier
Specific indefinite
Speech act 言语行为
Speech time
Square of opposition
State 状态
Stoics 斯多葛主义者
Strong Kleene Logic
Strong quantifier
Strong NP
Strong meaning
Structuralism 结构主义
Structured meaning semantics
Subfalsify
Subordination (modal)
Subjective modifier
Subset 子集
Substitution (principle)
Subtruth
Subvaluation
Sum (summation)
Minimal sum cover
Sum closure operatore (*)
Super falsity
Superset 超集 父集
Supertruth
Supervaluation
Suppression task
Supremum 上限
Syllogism 三段论
Symbol grounding
Symmetry (Quantifier)
Synonymy 同义词
Syntax-phonology interface 句法-音系界面 句法-音系接口
Syntax-semantics interface 句法-语义界面 句法-语义接口
T-theory
Tautology 重言式 全真命题
Telicity
Temporal 时间
Temporal logic 时间逻辑
Tense 时制 时态的合称,不宜用来单独指代tense,韵律补齐可用时制
Deictic past tense
Extended present tense
Tense logic 时制逻辑 时间逻辑的旧称
Tense morphology 时的形态
Text 文本
Theme 主题
Themeless utterance
Theorem 定理
Theoretical linguistics 理论语言学
Θ-grid
Thought
To-do List
Tolerance
Topic 话题
Topology 拓扑学
Total information state
Trace function
Transitive (consequence) 传递性后件
Transitive (verb) 及物动词
Transparency theory
Trapping constraint
Trivalence 三值
Troponym 方式关系英语Troponymy
Truth conditions 真值条件
Truth value 真值
Truth-theoretic semantics 真值论语义学
Turing machine 图灵机
Turing test 图灵测试
Twin earth 孪生地球
Two-dimensionalism
Type 类型
Type, abstract
Type shift 类型迁移
Type theory 类型论
Type-theoretic semantics 类型论语义学
Typology 类型学
Underspecificaiton
Underspecified minimal recursion semantics
Unification
Uniqueness
unit function
Unity of the proposition
Update potential 更新势能
Update semantics
Vagueness 模糊
Van Benthem 范本特姆
Variable 变项 变数变量变元
Variable-free semantics 无变项语义学
Vendler class
Verification 核实
Viewpoint 观点
Vocabulary
Wason selection task
Weak Kleene logic
Weak NP
Wh-
Wholes
Witness choice
Wittgenstein 维特根斯坦
Word 单词

语言学家、哲学家姓名中译对照表

编辑
原文 外文发音 大陆译名 台湾译名 香港译名 其他译名
Chomsky, Avram Noam 英语:/æˈvrɑːm ˈnoʊm ˈtʃɒmski/ 艾弗拉姆·诺姆·乔姆斯基 艾弗拉姆·诺姆·杭士基 艾弗拉姆·诺姆·杭士基 荷姆斯基
McCawley, James David 英语:/ˈdʒemz ˈdevɪd məˈkɔli/ 马神武(自取) 马神武 马神武 詹姆斯·大卫·麦考利
George P. Lakoff 英语:/ˈdʒɔrdʒ ˈleɪkɒf/ 乔治·莱考夫 乔治·莱考夫 乔治·莱考夫