加利福尼亚鸟类列表
維基媒體列表條目
加利福尼亚在世界动物地理分区上属于新北区。根据加州鸟类记录委员会 (CBRC)，至2006年止，加州共有632种鸟类被记录，其中10种为外来种，2种在加州绝迹 (但仍分布于其他地区)。
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注上星号(*)的鸟种正在被 CBRC 重新检讨中，共有180种，包含尚有疑问记录的种类，被注上星号的鸟种在加州一年平均只被观察4次或更少，而历史纪录总共也只有少于100次。
- 雁鸭科 Anatidae
- 红嘴树鸭 - Dendrocygna autumnalis (Black-bellied Whistling-Duck) *
- 草黄树鸭 - Dendrocygna bicolor (Fulvous Whistling-Duck)
- 白额雁 - Anser albifrons (Greater White-fronted Goose)
- 帝雁 - Chen canagica (Emperor Goose) *
- 雪雁 - Chen caerulescens (Snow Goose)
- 细嘴雁 - Chen rossii (Ross's Goose)
- Branta hutchinsii (Cackling Goose)
- 加拿大雁 - Branta canadensis (Canada Goose)
- 黑雁 - Branta bernicla (Brant)
- Cygnus buccinator (Trumpeter Swan) *
- 小天鹅 - Cygnus columbianus (Tundra Swan)
- 大天鹅 (黄嘴天鹅) - Cygnus cygnus (Whooper Swan) *
- 林鸳鸯 - Aix sponsa (Wood Duck)
- 赤膀鸭 - Anas strepera (Gadwall)
- 罗文鸭 - Anas falcata (Falcated Duck) *
- 赤颈鸭 - Anas penelope (Eurasian Wigeon)
- 葡萄胸鸭 - Anas americana (American Wigeon)
- 绿嘴黑鸭 - Anas rubripes (American Black Duck) *
- 绿头鸭 - Anas platyrhynchos (Mallard)
- 蓝翼短颈野鸭 - Anas discors (Blue-winged Teal)
- 桂红鸭 - Anas cyanoptera (Cinnamon Teal)
- 琵嘴鸭 - Anas clypeata (Northern Shoveler)
- 尖尾鸭 - Anas acuta (Northern Pintail)
- 白眉鸭 - Anas querquedula (Garganey) *
- 巴鸭 - Anas formosa (Baikal Teal) *
- 小水鸭 - Anas crecca (Green-winged Teal)
- 帆背潜鸭 - Aythya valisineria (Canvasback)
- 美洲潜鸭 - Aythya americana (Redhead)
- 红头潜鸭 - Aythya ferina (Common Pochard) *
- 环颈潜鸭 - Aythya collaris (Ring-necked Duck)
- 凤头潜鸭 - Aythya fuligula (Tufted Duck)
- 斑背潜鸭 - Aythya marila (Greater Scaup)
- 小潜鸭 - Aythya affinis (Lesser Scaup)
- 小绒鸭 - Polysticta stelleri (Steller's Eider) *
- 王绒鸭 - Somateria spectabilis (King Eider) *
- 欧绒鸭 - Somateria mollissima (Common Eider) *
- 丑鸭 - Histrionicus histrionicus (Harlequin Duck)
- 斑头海番鸭 - Melanitta perspicillata (Surf Scoter)
- 斑脸海番鸭 - Melanitta fusca (White-winged Scoter)
- 美洲黑海番鸭 - Melanitta americana (Black Scoter)
- 长尾鸭 - Clangula hyemalis (Long-tailed Duck)
- 巨头鹊鸭 - Bucephala albeola (Bufflehead)
- 鹊鸭 - Bucephala clangula (Common Goldeneye)
- 冰洲鹊鸭 - Bucephala islandica (Barrow's Goldeneye)
- 白秋沙 - Mergellus albellus (Smew) *
- 棕胁秋沙鸭 - Lophodytes cucullatus (Hooded Merganser)
- 川秋沙 - Mergus merganser (Common Merganser)
- 红胸秋沙 - Mergus serrator (Red-breasted Merganser)
- 棕硬尾鸭 - Oxyura jamaicensis (Ruddy Duck)
- 雉科 Phasianidae
- 石鸡 - Alectoris chukar (Chukar) ※外来种
- 环颈雉 - Phasianus colchicus (Ring-necked Pheasant) ※外来种
- 披肩鸡 - Bonasa umbellus (Ruffed Grouse)
- 大艾草榛鸡 - Centrocercus urophasianus (Greater Sage-Grouse)
- 白尾雷鸟 - Lagopus leucurus (White-tailed Ptarmigan) ※外来种
- Dendragapus fuliginosus (Sooty Grouse)
- 尖尾榛鸡 - Tympanuchus phasianellus (Sharp-tailed Grouse) ※绝迹
- 土绶鸡 (普通火鸡) Meleagris gallopavo (Wild Turkey) ※外来种
- 林鹑科 Odontophoridae
- 潜鸟科 Gaviidae
- 䴙䴘科 Podicipedidae
- 侏鸊鷉 - Tachybaptus dominicus (Least Grebe) *
- 斑嘴巨鸊鷉 - Podilymbus podiceps (Pied-billed Grebe)
- 角䴙䴘 - Podiceps auritus (Horned Grebe)
- 赤颈鸊鷉 - Podiceps grisegena (Red-necked Grebe)
- 黑颈䴙䴘 - Podiceps nigricollis (Eared Grebe)
- 西鸊鷉 - Aechmorphorus occidentalis (Western Grebe)
- Aechmorphorus clarkii (Clark's Grebe)
- 信天翁科 Diomedeidae
- 淡额黑信天翁 - Phoebetria palpebrata (Light-mantled Albatross) *
- 白顶信天翁 - Thalassarche cauta (Shy Albatross) *
- 漂泊信天翁 - Diomedea exulans (Wandering Albatross) *
- 黑背信天翁 - Phoebastria immutabilis (Laysan Albatross)
- 黑脚信天翁 - Phoebastria nigripes (Black-footed Albatross)
- 短尾信天翁 - Phoebastria albatrus (Short-tailed Albatross) *
- 水薙鸟科 Procellariidae
- 暴雪鹱 - Fulmarus glacialis (Northern Fulmar)
- 灰脸圆尾鹱 - Pterodroma macroptera (Great-winged Petrel) *
- 墨菲氏圆尾鹱 - Pterodroma ultima (Murphy's Petrel)
- 鳞斑圆尾鹱 - Pterodroma inexpectata (Mottled Petrel) *
- 暗腰圆尾鹱 - Pterodroma phaeopygia/sandwichensis (Dark-rumped Petrel) *
- 库氏圆尾鹱 - Pterodroma cookii (Cook's Petrel)
- 长嘴圆尾鹱 - Pterodroma longirostris (Stejneger's Petrel) *
- 穴鸟 - Bulweria bulwerii (Bulwer's Petrel) *
- 黑风鹱 - Procellaria parkinsoni (Parkinson's Petrel) *
- 大水薙鸟 - Calonectris leucomelas (Streaked Shearwater) *
- 猛鹱 - Calonectris diomedea (Cory's Shearwater) *
- 粉脚鹱 - Puffinus creatopus (Pink-footed Shearwater)
- 肉足水薙鸟 - Puffinus carneipes (Flesh-footed Shearwater)
- 大鹱 - Puffinus gravis (Greater Shearwater) *
- 长尾水薙鸟 - Puffinus pacificus (Wedge-tailed Shearwater) *
- 灰背鹱 - Puffinus bulleri (Buller's Shearwater)
- 灰水薙鸟 - Puffinus griseus (Sooty Shearwater)
- 短尾水薙鸟 - Puffinus tenuirostris (Short-tailed Shearwater)
- 普通鹱 - Puffinus puffinus (Manx Shearwater) *
- Puffinus opisthomelas (Black-vented Shearwater)
- 小鹱 - Puffinus assimilis (Little Shearwater) *
- 海燕科 Hydrobatidae
- 黄蹼洋海燕 - Oceanites oceanicus (Wilson's Storm-Petrel)
- 灰蓝叉尾海燕 - Oceanodroma furcata (Fork-tailed Storm-Petrel)
- 环叉尾海燕 - Oceanodroma hornbyi (Ringed Storm-petrel) *
- 白腰叉尾海燕 - Oceanodroma leucorhoa (Leach's Storm-Petrel)
- 灰叉尾海燕 - Oceanodroma homochroa (Ashy Storm-Petrel)
- 加岛叉尾海燕 - Oceanodroma tethys (Wedge-rumped Storm-Petrel) *
- 美洲黑叉尾海燕 - Oceanodroma melania (Black Storm-Petrel)
- Oceanodroma microsoma (Least Storm-Petrel)
- 热带鸟科 Phaethontidae
- 白尾热带鸟 - Phaethon lepturus (White-tailed Tropicbird) *
- 红嘴热带鸟 - Phaethon aethereus (Red-billed Tropicbird)
- 红尾热带鸟 - Phaethon rubricauda (Red-tailed Tropicbird) *
- 鲣鸟科 Sulidae
- 蓝脸鲣鸟 - Sula dactylatra (Masked Booby) *
- 蓝脚鲣鸟 - Sula nebouxii (Blue-footed Booby) *
- 白腹鲣鸟 - Sula leucogaster (Brown Booby) *
- 红脚鲣鸟 - Sula sula (Red-footed Booby) *
- 鹈鹕科 Pelecanidae
- 美洲鹈鹕 - Pelecanus erythrorhynchos (American White Pelican)
- 褐鹈鹕 - Pelecanus occidentalis (Brown Pelican)
- 鸬鹚科 Phalacrocoracidae
- 阿拉斯加鸬鹚 - Phalacrocorax penicillatus (Brandt's Cormorant)
- Phalacrocorax brasilianus (Neotropic Cormorant) *
- 双冠鸬鹚 - Phalacrocorax auritus (Double-crested Cormorant)
- 海鸬鹚 - Phalacrocorax pelagicus (Pelagic Cormorant)
- 蛇鹈科 Anhingidae
- 蛇鹈 - Anhinga anhinga (Anhinga) *
- 军舰鸟科 Fregatidae
- 鹭科 Ardeidae
- 美洲麻鹭 Botaurus lentiginosus (American Bittern)
- 姬苇鹭 Ixobrychus exilis (Least Bittern)
- 大蓝鹭 - Ardea herodias (Great Blue Heron)
- 大白鹭 - Ardea alba (Great Egret)
- 雪鹭 - Egretta thula (Snowy Egret)
- 小蓝鹭 - Egretta caerulea (Little Blue Heron)
- 三色鹭 - Egretta tricolor (Tricolored Heron) *
- 棕颈鹭 - Egretta rufescens (Reddish Egret)
- 黄头鹭 - Bubulcus ibis (Cattle Egret)
- 绿鹭 - Butorides virescens (Green Heron)
- 夜鹭 - Nycticorax nycticorax (Black-crowned Night-Heron)
- 黄顶夜鹭 - Nyctanassa violacea (Yellow-crowned Night-Heron) *
- 朱鹭科 Threskiornithidae
- 美洲白䴉 - Eudocimus albus (American White Ibis) *
- 彩䴉 - Plegadis falcinellus (Glossy Ibis) *
- 白脸彩䴉 - Plegadis chihi (White-faced Ibis)
- 粉红琵鹭 - Ajaia ajaja (Roseate Spoonbill) *
- 鹳科 Ciconiidae
- 林鹳 - Mycteria americana (Wood Stork)
- 美洲鹫科 Cathartidae
- 鹰科 Accipitridae
- 鱼鹰 - Pandion haliaetus (Osprey)
- 白尾鸢 - Elanus leucurus (White-tailed Kite)
- 密西西比灰鸢 - Ictinia mississippiensis (Mississippi Kite) *
- 白头海雕 - Haliaeetus leucocephalus (Bald Eagle)
- 灰泽𫛭 - Circus cyaneus (Northern Harrier)
- 条纹鹰 - Accipiter striatus (Sharp-shinned Hawk)
- 鸡鹰 - Accipiter cooperii (Cooper's Hawk)
- 苍鹰 - Accipiter gentilis (Northern Goshawk)
- 黑鸡𫛭 - Buteogallus anthracinus (Common Black-Hawk) *
- 栗翅鹰 - Parabuteo unicinctus (Harris's Hawk) *
- 赤肩𫛭 - Buteo lineatus (Red-shouldered Hawk)
- 巨翅𫛭 - Buteo platypterus (Broad-winged Hawk)
- 斯温氏𫛭 - Buteo swainsoni (Swainson's Hawk)
- 带尾𫛭 - Buteo albonotatus (Zone-tailed Hawk)
- 红尾𫛭 - Buteo jamaicensis (Red-tailed Hawk)
- 王𫛭 - Buteo regalis (Ferruginous Hawk)
- 毛足𫛭 - Buteo lagopus (Rough-legged Hawk)
- 金雕 - Aquila chrysaetos (Golden Eagle)
- 隼科 Falconidae
- 秧鸡科 Rallidae
- 黄田鸡 - Coturnicops noveboracensis (Yellow Rail)
- 黑南美田鸡 - Laterallus jamaicensis (Black Rail)
- 长嘴秧鸡 - Rallus longirostris (Clapper Rail)
- 弗吉尼亚秧鸡 - Rallus limicola (Virginia Rail)
- 黑脸田鸡 - Porzana carolina (Sora)
- 紫青水鸡 - Porphyrio martinica (Purple Gallinule) *
- 红冠水鸡 - Gallinula chloropus (Common Moorhen)
- 美洲瓣蹼鸡 (美洲大𬸪) - Fulica americana (American Coot)
- 鹤科 Gruidae
- 沙丘鹤 - Grus canadensis (Sandhill Crane)
- 鸻科 Charadriidae
- 灰斑鸻 - Pluvialis squatarola (Black-bellied Plover)
- 美洲金斑鸻 - Pluvialis dominica (American Golden-Plover) *
- 太平洋金斑鸻 - Pluvialis fulva (Pacific Golden-Plover)
- 蒙古沙鸻 - Charadrius mongolus (Lesser Sand-Plover) *
- 铁嘴沙鸻 - Charadrius leschenaultii (Greater Sand-Plover) *
- 东方环颈鸻 - Charadrius alexandrinus (Snowy Plover)
- 厚嘴鸻 - Charadrius wilsonia (Wilson's Plover) *
- 半蹼鸻 - Charadrius semipalmatus (Semipalmated Plover)
- 笛鸻 - Charadrius melodus (Piping Plover) *
- 双领鸻 - Charadrius vociferus (Killdeer)
- 岩鸻 - Charadrius montanus (Mountain Plover)
- 小嘴鸻 - Charadrius morinellus (Eurasian Dotterel) *
- 蛎鸻科 Haematopodidae
- 美洲蛎鹬 - Haematopus palliatus (American Oystercatcher) *
- 黑蛎鹬 - Haematopus bachmani (American Black Oystercatcher)
- 反嘴鸻科 Recurvirostridae
- Himantopus mexicanus (Black-necked Stilt)
- 美洲反嘴鹬 - Recurvirostra americana (American Avocet)
- 鹬科 Scolopacidae
- 青足鹬 - Tringa nebularia (Common Greenshank) *
- 大黄脚鹬 - Tringa melanoleuca (Greater Yellowlegs)
- 小黄脚鹬 - Tringa flavipes (Lesser Yellowlegs)
- 鹤鹬 - Tringa erythropus (Spotted Redshank) *
- 孤鹬 - Tringa solitaria (Solitary Sandpiper)
- 北美鹬 - Tringa semipalmata (Willet)
- 美洲黄足鹬 - Heteroscelus incanus (Wandering Tattler)
- 黄足鹬 - Heteroscelus brevipes (Gray-tailed Tattler) *
- 斑腹矶鹬 - Actitis macularius (Spotted Sandpiper)
- 反嘴鹬 - Xenus cinereus (Terek Sandpiper) *
- 高原鹬 - Bartramia longicauda (Upland Sandpiper) *
- 小杓鹬 - Numenius minutus (Little Curlew) *
- 中杓鹬 - Numenius phaeopus (Whimbrel)
- 杓鹬 - Numenius tahitiensis (Bristle-thighed Curlew) *
- 长嘴杓鹬 - Numenius americanus (Long-billed Curlew)
- 棕塍鹬 - Limosa haemastica (Hudsonian Godwit) *
- 斑尾鹬 - Limosa lapponica (Bar-tailed Godwit) *
- 云石塍鹬 - Limosa fedoa (Marbled Godwit)
- 翻石鹬 - Arenaria interpres (Ruddy Turnstone)
- 黑翻石鹬 - Arenaria melanocephala (Black Turnstone)
- 滨浪鹬 - Aphriza virgata (Surfbird)
- 红腹滨鹬 - Calidris canutus (Red Knot)
- 三趾滨鹬 - Calidris alba (Sanderling)
- 半蹼滨鹬 Calidris pusilla (Semipalmated Sandpiper)
- 西滨鹬 - Calidris mauri (Western Sandpiper)
- 红胸滨鹬 - Calidris ruficollis (Red-necked Stint) *
- 小滨鹬 - Calidris minuta (Little Stint) *
- 长趾滨鹬 - Calidris subminuta (Long-toed Stint) *
- 姬滨鹬 - Calidris minutilla (Least Sandpiper)
- 白腰滨鹬 - Calidris fuscicollis (White-rumped Sandpiper) *
- 黑腰滨鹬 - Calidris bairdii (Baird's Sandpiper)
- 美洲尖尾鹬 - Calidris melanotos (Pectoral Sandpiper)
- 尖尾滨鹬 - Calidris acuminata (Sharp-tailed Sandpiper)
- 岩滨鹬 - Calidris ptilocnemis (Rock Sandpiper)
- 黑腹滨鹬 - Calidris alpina (Dunlin)
- 弯嘴滨鹬 - Calidris ferruginea (Curlew Sandpiper) *
- 高跷鹬 - Calidris himantopus (Stilt Sandpiper)
- 黄胸鹬 - Tryngites subruficollis (Buff-breasted Sandpiper)
- 流苏鹬 - Philomachus pugnax (Ruff)
- 短嘴半蹼鹬 Limnodromus griseus (Short-billed Dowitcher)
- 长嘴半蹼鹬 - Limnodromus scolopaceus (Long-billed Dowitcher)
- 姬鹬 - Lymnocryptes minimus (Jack Snipe) *
- Gallinago delicata (Wilson's Snipe)
- 小丘鹬 - Scolopax minor (American Woodcock) *
- 赤斑瓣蹼鹬 - Phalaropus tricolor (Wilson's Phalarope)
- 红领瓣足鹬 - Phalaropus lobatus (Red-necked Phalarope)
- 灰瓣足鹬 - Phalaropus fulicarius (Red Phalarope)
- 鸥科 Laridae
- 南极贼鸥 - Stercorarius maccormicki (South Polar Skua)
- 中贼鸥 - Stercorarius pomarinus (Pomarine Jaeger)
- 贼鸥 - Stercorarius parasiticus (Parasitic Jaeger)
- 长尾贼鸥 - Stercorarius longicaudus (Long-tailed Jaeger)
- 笑鸥 - Larus atricilla (Laughing Gull)
- 弗氏鸥 - Larus pipixcan (Franklin's Gull)
- 小鸥 - Larus minutus (Little Gull) *
- 红嘴鸥 - Larus ridibundus (Black-headed Gull) *
- 博氏鸥 - Larus philadelphia (Bonaparte's Gull)
- 希曼氏鸥 - Larus heermanni (Heermann's Gull)
- 斑尾鸥 - Larus belcheri (Belcher's Gull) *
- 黑尾鸥 - Larus crassirostris (Black-tailed Gull) *
- 海鸥 - Larus canus (Mew Gull)
- 环嘴鸥 - Larus delawarensis (Ring-billed Gull)
- 加州鸥 - Larus californicus (California Gull)
- 黑脊鸥 - Larus argentatus (Herring Gull)
- 塞耶氏鸥 - Larus thayeri (Thayer's Gull)
- 冰洲鸥 - Larus glaucoides (Iceland Gull) *
- 小黑背鸥 - Larus fuscus (Lesser Black-backed Gull) *
- 大黑脊鸥 - Larus schistisagus (Slaty-backed Gull) *
- Larus livens (Yellow-footed Gull)
- 西方鸥- Larus occidentalis (Western Gull)
- 灰翅鸥 - Larus glaucescens (Glaucous-winged Gull)
- 北极鸥 - Larus hyperboreus (Glaucous Gull)
- 叉尾鸥 - Xema sabini (Sabine's Gull)
- 燕尾鸥 - Creagrus furcatus (Swallow-tailed Gull) *
- 三趾鸥 - Rissa tridactyla (Black-legged Kittiwake)
- 红脚三趾鸥 - Rissa brevirostris (Red-legged Kittiwake) *
- 象牙鸥 - Pagophila eburnea (Ivory Gull) *
- 鸥嘴噪鸥 - Gelochelidon nilotica (Gull-billed Tern)
- 里海燕鸥 - Hydroprogne caspia (Caspian Tern)
- 王凤头燕鸥 - Sterna maxima (Royal Tern)
- 丽色凤头燕鸥 - Sterna elegans (Elegant Tern)
- 白嘴端燕鸥 - Sterna sandvicensis (Sandwich Tern) *
- 燕鸥 - Sterna hirundo (Common Tern)
- 北极燕鸥 - Sterna paradisaea (Arctic Tern)
- 加拿大燕鸥 - Sterna forsteri (Forster's Tern)
- 白额燕鸥 - Sternula antillarum (Least Tern)
- 白眉燕鸥 - Onychoprion anaethetus (Bridled Tern) *
- 乌领燕鸥 - Onychoprion fuscata (Sooty Tern) *
- 白翅黑燕鸥 - Chlidonias leucopterus (White-winged Tern) *
- 黑浮燕鸥 - Chlidonias niger (Black Tern)
- 黑剪嘴鸥 - Rynchops niger (Black Skimmer)
- 海雀科 Alcidae
- 普通海鸦 - Uria aalge (Common Murre)
- 厚嘴海鸦 - Uria lomvia (Thick-billed Murre) *
- 海鸽 - Cepphus columba (Pigeon Guillemot)
- Brachyramphus perdix (Long-billed Murrelet) *
- 斑海雀 - Brachyramphus marmoratus (Marbled Murrelet)
- 小嘴斑海雀 - Brachyramphus brevirostris (Kittlitz's Murrelet) *
- Synthliboramphus hypoleucus (Xantus's Murrelet)
- Synthliboramphus craveri (Craveri's Murrelet)
- 扁嘴海雀 - Synthliboramphus antiquus (Ancient Murrelet)
- 卡辛氏海雀 - Ptychoramphus aleuticus (Cassin's Auklet)
- 白腹小海鹦 - Aethia psittacula (Parakeet Auklet) *
- 稚海雀 - Aethia pusilla (Least Auklet) *
- 冠小海雀 - Aethia cristatella (Crested Auklet) *
- 角嘴海雀 - Cerorhinca monocerata (Rhinoceros Auklet)
- 角海鹦 - Fratercula corniculata (Horned Puffin)
- 花魁鸟 - Fratercula cirrhata (Tufted Puffin)
- 鸠鸽科 Columbidae
- 原鸽 - Columba livia (Rock Pigeon) ※外来种
- 斑尾鸽 - Patagioenas fasciata (Band-tailed Pigeon)
- 金背鸠 - Streptopelia orientalis (Oriental Turtle-Dove) *
- 灰斑鸠 - Streptopelia decaocto (Eurasian Collared-Dove) ※外来种
- 珠颈斑鸠 - Streptopelia chinensis (Spotted Dove) ※外来种
- 白翅哀鸽 - Zenaida asiatica (White-winged Dove)
- 哀鸽 - Zenaida macroura (Mourning Dove)
- 印加鸠 - Scardafella inca (Inca Dove)
- 普通地鸠 - Columbina passerina (Common Ground-Dove)
- 红地鸠 - Columbina talpacoti (Ruddy Ground-Dove)
- 鹦鹉科 Psittacidae
- 红冠亚马孙鹦鹉 - Amazona viridigenalis (Red-crowned Parrot) ※外来种
- 杜鹃科 Cuculidae
- 草鸮科 Tytonidae
- 仓鸮 - Tyto alba (Barn Owl)
- 鸱鸮科 Strigidae
- 花彩角鸮 - Otus flammeolus (Flammulated Owl)
- Megascops kennicottii (Western Screech-Owl)
- 大雕鸮 - Bubo virginianus (Great Horned Owl)
- 雪鸮 - Bubo scandiacus (Snowy Owl) *
- 北鸺鹠 - Glaucidium gnoma (Northern Pygmy Owl)
- 姬鸮 - Micrathene whitneyi (Elf Owl)
- 穴鸮 - Athene cunicularia (Burrowing Owl)
- 西点林鸮 - Strix occidentalis (Spotted Owl)
- 横斑林鸮 - Strix varia (Barred Owl)
- 乌林鸮 - Strix nebulosa (Great Gray Owl)
- 长耳鸮 - Asio otus (Long-eared Owl)
- 短耳鸮 - Asio flammeus (Short-eared Owl)
- 棕榈鬼鸮 - Aegolius acadicus (Northern Saw-whet Owl)
- 夜鹰科 Caprimulgidae
- 雨燕科 Apodidae
- 黑雨燕 - Cypseloides niger (Black Swift)
- 白领黑雨燕 - Streptoprocne zonaris (White-collared Swift) *
- 烟囱刺尾雨燕 - Chaetura pelagica (Chimney Swift)
- 沃克氏刺尾雨燕 - Chaetura vauxi (Vaux's Swift)
- 白喉针尾雨燕 - Hirundapus caudacutus (White-throated Needletail)
- 蜂鸟科 Trochilidae
- 绿色紫耳蜂鸟 - Colibri thalassinus (Green Violet-ear) *
- 阔嘴蜂鸟 - Cynanthus latirostris (Broad-billed Hummingbird) *
- 黑额红嘴蜂鸟 - Hylocharis xantusii (Xantus's Hummingbird) *
- 紫冠蜂鸟 - Amazilia violiceps (Violet-crowned Hummingbird) *
- 蓝喉宝石蜂鸟 - Lampornis clemenciae (Blue-throated Hummingbird) *
- 大蜂鸟 - Eugenes fulgens (Magnificent Hummingbird) *
- 红玉喉北蜂鸟 - Archilochus colubris (Ruby-throated Hummingbird) *
- 黑颏北蜂鸟 - Archilochus alexandri (Black-chinned Hummingbird)
- 红喉蜂鸟 - Calypte anna (Anna's Hummingbird)
- 紫喉蜂鸟 - Calypte costae (Costa's Hummingbird)
- 星蜂鸟 - Stellula calliope (Calliope Hummingbird)
- 宽尾煌蜂鸟 - Selasphorus platycercus (Broad-tailed Hummingbird)
- 棕煌蜂鸟 - Selasphorus rufus (Rufous Hummingbird)
- 艾伦煌蜂鸟 - Selasphorus sasin (Allen's Hummingbird)
- 鱼狗科 Cerylidae
- 带鱼狗 - Megaceryle alcyon (Belted Kingfisher)
- 啄木鸟科 Picidae
- 刘易氏啄木 - Melanerpes lewis (Lewis's Woodpecker)
- 红头啄木 - Melanerpes erythrocephalus (Red-headed Woodpecker) *
- 橡树啄木 - Melanerpes formicivorus (Acorn Woodpecker)
- Melanerpes uropygialis (Gila Woodpecker)
- 威廉氏吸汁啄木 - Sphyrapicus thyroideus (Williamson's Sapsucker)
- 黄腹吸汁啄木 - Sphyrapicus varius (Yellow-bellied Sapsucker)
- 红颈吸汁啄木 - Sphyrapicus nuchalis (Red-naped Sapsucker)
- 红胸吸汁啄木 - Sphyrapicus ruber (Red-breasted Sapsucker)
- Picoides scalaris (Ladder-backed Woodpecker)
- Picoides nuttallii (Nuttall's Woodpecker)
- Picoides pubescens (Downy Woodpecker)
- Picoides villosus (Hairy Woodpecker)
- Picoides albolarvatus (White-headed Woodpecker)
- 黑背三趾啄木 - Picoides arcticus (Black-backed Woodpecker)
- 普通扑动䴕 - Colaptes auratus (Northern Flicker)
- Colaptes chrysoides (Gilded Flicker)
- 北美黑啄木 - Dryocopus pileatus (Pileated Woodpecker)
- 霸鹟科 Tyrannidae
- Contopus cooperi (Olive-sided Flycatcher)
- 中美绿霸鹟 - Contopus pertinax (Greater Pewee) *
- 西林绿霸鹟 - Contopus sordidulus (Western Wood-Pewee)
- 东林绿霸鹟 - Contopus virens (Eastern Wood-Pewee) *
- 黄腹蚊霸鹟 - Empidonax flaviventris (Yellow-bellied Flycatcher) *
- 赤杨蚊霸鹟 - Empidonax alnorum (Alder Flycatcher) *
- 柳蚊霸鹟 - Empidonax traillii (Willow Flycatcher)
- 极小蚊霸鹟 - Empidonax minimus (Least Flycatcher)
- 哈姆氏蚊霸鹟 - Empidonax hammondii (Hammond's Flycatcher)
- 灰蚊霸鹟 - Empidonax wrightii (Gray Flycatcher)
- 乌暗蚊霸鹟 - Empidonax oberholseri (Dusky Flycatcher)
- 北美蚊霸鹟 - Empidonax difficilis (Pacific-slope Flycatcher)
- Empidonax occidentalis (Cordilleran Flycatcher)
- 黑菲比霸鹟 - Sayornis nigricans (Black Phoebe)
- 东菲比霸鹟 - Sayornis phoebe (Eastern Phoebe)
- 塞氏菲比霸鹟 - Sayornis saya (Say's Phoebe)
- 朱红霸鹟 - Pyrocephalus rubinus (Vermilion Flycatcher)
- 乌顶蝇霸鹟 - Myiarchus tuberculifer (Dusky-capped Flycatcher) *
- 灰喉蝇霸鹟 - Myiarchus cinerascens (Ash-throated Flycatcher)
- 淡喉蝇霸鹟 - Myiarchus nuttingi (Nutting's Flycatcher) *
- 大冠蝇霸鹟 - Myiarchus crinitus (Great Crested Flycatcher) *
- 威氏冠蝇霸鹟 - Myiarchus tyrannulus (Brown-crested Flycatcher)
- 硫黄腹大嘴霸鹟 - Myiodynastes luteiventris (Sulphur-bellied Flycatcher) *
- 热带王霸鹟 - Tyrannus melancholicus (Tropical Kingbird)
- 库奇氏王霸鹟 - Tyrannus couchii (Couch's Kingbird) *
- 卡西氏王霸鹟 - Tyrannus vociferans (Cassin's Kingbird)
- 厚嘴王霸鹟 - Tyrannus crassirostris (Thick-billed Kingbird) *
- 西美洲王霸鹟 - Tyrannus verticalis (Western Kingbird)
- 东美洲王霸鹟 - Tyrannus tyrannus (Eastern Kingbird)
- 剪尾王霸鹟 - Tyrannus forficatus (Scissor-tailed Flycatcher)
- 叉尾王霸鹟 - Tyrannus savana (Fork-tailed Flycatcher) *
- 伯劳科 Laniidae
- 红尾伯劳 - Lanius cristatus (Brown Shrike) *
- 呆头伯劳 - Lanius ludovicianus (Loggerhead Shrike)
- 灰伯劳 - Lanius excubitor (Northern Shrike)
- 绿鹃科 Vireonidae
- 白眼绿鹃 - Vireo griseus (White-eyed Vireo) *
- 贝尔氏绿鹃 - Vireo bellii (Bell's Vireo)
- 灰绿鹃 - Vireo vicinior (Gray Vireo)
- 黄喉绿鹃 - Vireo flavifrons (Yellow-throated Vireo) *
- Vireo plumbeus (Plumbeous Vireo)
- Vireo cassinii (Cassin's Vireo)
- 孤绿鹃 - Vireo solitarius (Blue-headed Vireo) *
- 郝顿氏绿鹃 - Vireo huttoni (Hutton's Vireo)
- 歌绿鹃 - Vireo gilvus (Warbling Vireo)
- 费城绿鹃 - Vireo philadelphicus (Philadelphia Vireo)
- 红眼绿鹃 - Vireo olivaceus (Red-eyed Vireo)
- Vireo flavoviridis (Yellow-green Vireo) *
- 鸦科 Corvidae
- 灰噪鸦 - Perisoreus canadensis (Gray Jay)
- 暗冠蓝鸦 - Cyanocitta stelleri (Steller's Jay)
- 冠蓝鸦 - Cyanocitta cristata (Blue Jay) *
- Aphelocoma insularis (Island Scrub Jay)
- Aphelocoma californica (Western Scrub Jay)
- 蓝头松鸦 - Gymnorhinus cyanocephalus (Pinyon Jay)
- 加州星鸦 - Nucifraga columbiana (Clark's Nutcracker)
- Pica hudsonia (Black-billed Magpie)
- 黄嘴喜鹊 - Pica nuttalli (Yellow-billed Magpie)
- 短嘴鸦 - Corvus brachyrhynchos (American Crow)
- 渡鸦 - Corvus corax (Common Raven)
- 百灵科 Alaudidae
- 燕科 Hirundinidae
- 紫崖燕 - Progne subis (Purple Martin)
- 双色树燕 - Tachycineta bicolor (Tree Swallow)
- 海绿树燕 - Tachycineta thalassina (Violet-green Swallow)
- Stelgidopteryx serripennis (Northern Rough-winged Swallow)
- 灰沙燕 - Riparia riparia (Bank Swallow)
- 红石燕 - Petrochelidon pyrrhonota (Cliff Swallow)
- 黄石燕 - Petrochelidon fulva (Cave Swallow) *
- 家燕 - Hirundo rustica (Barn Swallow)
- 山雀科 Paridae
- 黑顶山雀 - Poecile atricapilla (Black-capped Chickadee)
- 高山山雀 - Poecile gambeli (Mountain Chickadee)
- Poecile rufescens (Chestnut-backed Chickadee)
- Baeolophus inornatus (Oak Titmouse)
- Baeolophus ridgwayi (Juniper Titmouse)
- 攀雀科 Remizidae
- 黄头金雀 - Auriparus flaviceps (Verdin)
- 长尾山雀科 Aegithalidae
- 丛山雀 - Psaltriparus minimus (Bushtit)
- 䴓科 Sittidae
- 红胸䴓 - Sitta canadensis (Red-breasted Nuthatch)
- 白胸䴓 - Sitta carolinensis (White-breasted Nuthatch)
- Sitta pygmaea (Pygmy Nuthatch)
- 旋木雀科 Certhiidae
- Certhia americana (Brown Creeper)
- 鹪鹩科 Troglodytidae
- 棕曲嘴鹪鹩 - Campylorhynchus brunneicapillus (Cactus Wren)
- 普通岩鹪鹩 - Salpinctes obsoletus (Rock Wren)
- 墨西哥岩鹪鹩 - Catherpes mexicanus (Canyon Wren)
- 比尤斯克苇鹪鹩 - Thryomanes bewickii (Bewick's Wren)
- 莺鹪鹩 - Troglodytes aedon (House Wren)
- 鹪鹩 - Troglodytes troglodytes (Winter Wren)
- 短嘴沼泽鹪鹩 - Cistothorus platensis (Sedge Wren) *
- 长嘴沼泽鹪鹩 - Cistothorus palustris (Marsh Wren)
- 河乌科 Cinclidae
- 美洲河乌 - Cinclus mexicanus (American Dipper)
- 戴菊科 Regulidae
- 莺科 Sylviidae
- 茅斑蝗莺 - Locustella lanceolata (Lanceolated Warbler) *
- 褐色柳莺 - Phylloscopus fuscatus (Dusky Warbler) *
- 极北柳莺 - Phylloscopus borealis (Arctic Warbler) *
- 灰蓝蚋莺 - Polioptila caerulea (Blue-gray Gnatcatcher)
- Polioptila californica (California Gnatcatcher)
- 黑尾蚋莺 - Polioptila melanura (Black-tailed Gnatcatcher)
- 鸫科 Turdidae
- 蓝尾鸲 - Tarsiger cyanurus (Red-flanked Bluetail) *
- 穗䳭 - Oenanthe oenanthe (Northern Wheatear) *
- 黑喉石䳭 - Saxicola torquata (Stonechat) *
- 西蓝鸲 - Sialia mexicana (Western Bluebird)
- 山蓝鸲 - Sialia currucoides (Mountain Bluebird)
- 坦氏孤鸫 - Myadestes townsendi (Townsend's Solitaire)
- 棕色夜鸫 - Catharus fuscescens (Veery) *
- 灰颊夜鸫 - Catharus minimus (Gray-cheeked Thrush) *
- 斯温氏夜鸫 - Catharus ustulatus (Swainson's Thrush)
- 隐士夜鸫 - Catharus guttatus (Hermit Thrush)
- 黄褐森鸫 - Hylocichla mustelina (Wood Thrush) *
- 白眉鸫 - Turdus obscurus (Eyebrowed Thrush) *
- 棕背鸲鸫 - Turdus rufopalliatus (Rufous-backed Robin) *
- 旅鸫 - Turdus migratorius (American Robin)
- 杂色地鸫 - Ixoreus naevius (Varied Thrush)
- 画眉科 Timaliidae
- 鹪雀鹛 - Chamaea fasciata (Wrentit)
- 嘲鸫科 Mimidae
- 灰猫嘲鸫 - Dumetella carolinensis (Gray Catbird)
- 小嘲鸫 - Mimus polyglottos (Northern Mockingbird)
- Oreoscoptes montanus (Sage Thrasher)
- 褐矢嘲鸫 - Toxostoma rufum (Brown Thrasher)
- 本迪矢嘲鸫 - Toxostoma bendirei (Bendire's Thrasher)
- 弯嘴矢嘲鸫 - Toxostoma curvirostre (Curve-billed Thrasher) *
- 加州矢嘲鸫 - Toxostoma redivivum (California Thrasher)
- Toxostoma crissale (Crissal Thrasher)
- 勒库氏矢嘲鸫 - Toxostoma lecontei (Le Conte's Thrasher)
- 椋鸟科 Sturnidae
- 欧洲椋鸟 - Sturnus vulgaris (European Starling) ※外来种
- 鹡鸰科 Motacillidae
- Motacilla tschutschensis (Eastern Yellow Wagtail) *
- 灰鹡鸰 - Motacilla cinerea (Grey Wagtail) *
- 白鹡鸰 - Motacilla alba (White Wagtail) *
- 树鹨 - Anthus hodgsoni (Olive-backed Pipit) *
- 赤喉鹨 - Anthus cervinus (Red-throated Pipit)
- 黄腹鹨 - Anthus rubescens (American Pipit)
- 斯普拉格氏鹨 Anthus spragueii (Sprague's Pipit) *
- 连雀科 Bombycillidae
- 丝鹟科 Ptilogonatidae
- 亮丝鹟 - Phainopepla nitens (Phainopepla)
- 林莺科 Parulidae
- 蓝翅虫森莺 - Vermivora pinus (Blue-winged Warbler) *
- 金翅虫森莺 - Vermivora chrysoptera (Golden-winged Warbler) *
- 灰绿虫森莺 - Vermivora peregrina (Tennessee Warbler)
- 橙顶虫森莺 - Vermivora celata (Orange-crowned Warbler)
- 黄喉虫森莺 - Vermivora ruficapilla (Nashville Warbler)
- 黄胸虫森莺 - Vermivora virginiae (Virginia's Warbler)
- 赤腰虫森莺 - Vermivora luciae (Lucy's Warbler)
- 北森莺 - Parula americana (Northern Parula)
- 黄色林莺 - Dendroica petechia (Yellow Warbler)
- Dendroica pensylvanica (Chestnut-sided Warbler)
- Dendroica magnolia (Magnolia Warbler)
- Dendroica tigrina (Cape May Warbler)
- 黑喉蓝林莺 - Dendroica caerulescens (Black-throated Blue Warbler)
- 黄腰白喉林莺 - Dendroica coronata (Yellow-rumped Warbler)
- 黑喉灰林莺 - Dendroica nigrescens (Black-throated Gray Warbler)
- 金颊黑背林莺 - Dendroica chrysoparia (Golden-cheeked Warbler) *
- 黑喉绿林莺 - Dendroica virens (Black-throated Green Warbler)
- 黑脸黄眉林莺 - Dendroica townsendi (Townsend's Warbler)
- 隐士林莺 - Dendroica occidentalis (Hermit Warbler)
- 橙胸林莺 - Dendroica fusca (Blackburnian Warbler)
- 黄喉林莺 - Dendroica dominica (Yellow-throated Warbler) *
- 黄喉纹肋林莺 - Dendroica graciae (Grace's Warbler) *
- 黄腹松林莺 - Dendroica pinus (Pine Warbler) *
- 高草原林莺 - Dendroica discolor (Prairie Warbler)
- 棕榈林莺 - Dendroica palmarum (Palm Warbler)
- 栗胸林莺 - Dendroica castanea (Bay-breasted Warbler)
- 黑顶白颊林莺 - Dendroica striata (Blackpoll Warbler)
- 深蓝色林莺 - Dendroica cerulea (Cerulean Warbler) *
- 黑白苔莺 - Mniotilta varia (Black-and-white Warbler)
- 橙尾鸲莺 - Setophaga ruticilla (American Redstart)
- 蓝翅黄森莺 - Protonotaria citrea (Prothonotary Warbler)
- 食虫莺 - Helmitheros vermivorus (Worm-eating Warbler) *
- 橙顶灶鸫 - Seiurus aurocapilla (Ovenbird)
- 黄眉水鸫 - Seiurus noveboracensis (Northern Waterthrush)
- 白眉水鸫 - Seiurus motacilla (Louisiana Waterthrush) *
- 丽色黄喉地莺 - Oporornis formosus (Kentucky Warbler)
- 机敏黄喉地莺 - Oporornis agilis (Connecticut Warbler) *
- 污黑黄喉地莺 - Oporornis philadelphia (Mourning Warbler) *
- Oporornis tolmiei (MacGillivray's Warbler)
- 普通黄喉地莺 - Geothlypis trichas (Common Yellowthroat)
- 黑枕威尔逊森莺 - Wilsonia citrina (Hooded Warbler)
- 黑头威尔逊森莺 - Wilsonia pusilla (Wilson's Warbler)
- 加拿大威尔逊森莺 - Wilsonia canadensis (Canada Warbler)
- 红脸山虫莺 - Cardellina rubrifrons (Red-faced Warbler) *
- 彩鸲莺 - Myioborus pictus (Painted Redstart)
- 黄胸巨即鸟莺 - Icteria virens (Yellow-breasted Chat)
- 裸鼻雀科 Thraupidae
- 肝色比蓝雀 - Piranga flava (Hepatic Tanager)
- 玫红比蓝雀 - Piranga rubra (Summer Tanager)
- 猩红比蓝雀 - Piranga olivacea (Scarlet Tanager) *
- 黄腹比蓝雀 - Piranga ludoviciana (Western Tanager)
- 鹀科 Emberizidae
- 绿尾唧鹀 - Pipilo chlorurus (Green-tailed Towhee)
- Pipilo maculatus (Spotted Towhee)
- Pipilo crissalis (California Towhee)
- 红腹唧鹀 - Pipilo aberti (Abert's Towhee)
- 卡氏猛雀鹀 - Aimophila cassinii (Cassin's Sparrow) *
- 棕顶猛雀鹀 - Aimophila ruficeps (Rufous-crowned Sparrow)
- 树雀鹀 - Spizella arborea (American Tree Sparrow)
- 褐斑翅雀鹀 - Spizella passerina (Chipping Sparrow)
- 泥色雀鹀 - Spizella pallida (Clay-colored Sparrow)
- 简色雀鹀 - Spizella breweri (Brewer's Sparrow)
- 原野雀鹀 - Spizella pusilla (Field Sparrow) *
- 黑颏雀鹀 - Spizella atrogularis (Black-chinned Sparrow)
- 黄昏雀鹀 - Pooecetes gramineus (Vesper Sparrow)
- 鹨雀 - Chondestes grammacus (Lark Sparrow)
- 黑喉漠鹀 - Amphispiza bilineata (Black-throated Sparrow)
- 艾草漠鹀 - Amphispiza belli (Sage Sparrow)
- 鹨鹀 - Calamospiza melanocorys (Lark Bunting)
- 稀树美洲草鹀 - Passerculus sandwichensis (Savannah Sparrow)
- 黄胸美洲草鹀 - Ammodramus savannarum (Grasshopper Sparrow)
- 贝尔氏美洲草鹀 - Ammodramus bairdii (Baird's Sparrow) *
- Ammodramus leconteii (Le Conte's Sparrow) *
- Ammodramus nelsoni (Nelson's Sharp-tailed Sparrow)
- 狐色带鹀 - Passerella iliaca (Fox Sparrow)
- 歌带鹀 - Melospiza melodia (Song Sparrow)
- 林肯带鹀 - Melospiza lincolnii (Lincoln's Sparrow)
- 沼泽带鹀 - Melospiza georgiana (Swamp Sparrow)
- 白喉带鹀 - Zonotrichia albicollis (White-throated Sparrow)
- 赫里氏带鹀 - Zonotrichia querula (Harris's Sparrow)
- 白冠带鹀 - Zonotrichia leucophrys (White-crowned Sparrow)
- 金冠带鹀 - Zonotrichia atricapilla (Golden-crowned Sparrow)
- 灰蓝灯草鹀 - Junco hyemalis (Dark-eyed Junco)
- 麦康氏铁爪鹀 - Calcarius mccownii (McCown's Longspur)
- 铁爪鹀 - Calcarius lapponicus (Lapland Longspur)
- 黄腹铁爪鹀 - Calcarius pictus (Smith's Longspur) *
- 栗领铁爪鹀 - Calcarius ornatus (Chestnut-collared Longspur)
- 小鹀 - Emberiza pusilla (Little Bunting) *
- 田鹀 - Emberiza rustica (Rustic Bunting) *
- 雪鹀 - Plectrophenax nivalis (Snow Bunting) *
- 美洲雀科 Cardinalidae
- 主红雀 - Cardinalis cardinalis (Northern Cardinal)
- 灰额主红雀 - Cardinalis sinuatus (Pyrrhuloxia) *
- 玫胸白翅斑雀 - Pheucticus ludovicianus (Rose-breasted Grosbeak)
- 黑头白翅斑雀 - Pheucticus melanocephalus (Black-headed Grosbeak)
- 褐斑翅蓝彩鹀 - Passerina caerulea (Blue Grosbeak)
- 琉璃彩鹀 - Passerina amoena (Lazuli Bunting)
- 靛蓝彩鹀 - Passerina cyanea (Indigo Bunting)
- 杂色彩鹀 - Passerina versicolor (Varied Bunting) *
- 丽色彩鹀 - Passerina ciris (Painted Bunting)
- 美洲斯皮扎雀 Spiza americana (Dickcissel)
- 拟黄鹂科 Icteridae
- 刺歌雀 - Dolichonyx oryzivorus (Bobolink)
- 红翅黑鹂 - Agelaius phoeniceus (Red-winged Blackbird)
- 三色黑鹂 - Agelaius tricolor (Tricolored Blackbird)
- 西美草地鹨 - Sturnella neglecta (Western Meadowlark)
- 黄头黑鹂 - Xanthocephalus xanthocephalus (Yellow-headed Blackbird)
- 锈色黑鹂 - Euphagus carolinus (Rusty Blackbird) *
- 蓝头黑鹂 - Euphagus cyanocephalus (Brewer's Blackbird)
- 普通拟八哥 - Quiscalus quiscula (Common Grackle) *
- 大尾拟八哥 - Quiscalus mexicanus (Great-tailed Grackle)
- 铜色牛鹂 - Molothrus aeneus (Bronzed Cowbird)
- 褐头牛鹂 - Molothrus ater (Brown-headed Cowbird)
- 圃拟黄鹂 - Icterus spurius (Orchard Oriole)
- 巾冠拟黄鹂 - Icterus cucullatus (Hooded Oriole)
- 猩红头拟黄鹂 - Icterus pustulatus (Streak-backed Oriole) *
- Icterus bullockii (Bullock's Oriole)
- 橙腹拟黄鹂 - Icterus galbula (Baltimore Oriole)
- 斯氏拟黄鹂 - Icterus parisorum (Scott's Oriole)
- 雀科 Fringillidae
- 燕雀 - Fringilla montifringilla (Brambling) *
- Leucosticte tephrocotis (Gray-crowned Rosy-Finch)
- Leucosticte atrata (Black Rosy-Finch) *
- 松雀 - Pinicola enucleator (Pine Grosbeak)
- 紫红朱雀 - Carpodacus purpureus (Purple Finch)
- 卡辛氏朱雀 - Carpodacus cassinii (Cassin's Finch)
- 美洲家朱雀 - Carpodacus mexicanus (House Finch)
- 红交嘴雀 - Loxia curvirostra (Red Crossbill)
- 白翅交嘴雀 - Loxia leucoptera (White-winged Crossbill) *
- 普通朱顶雀 - Carduelis flammea (Common Redpoll) *
- 松金翅 - Carduelis pinus (Pine Siskin)
- 暗背金翅 - Carduelis psaltria (Lesser Goldfinch)
- 加州金翅 - Carduelis lawrencei (Lawrence's Goldfinch)
- 北美金翅 - Carduelis tristis (American Goldfinch)
- 黄昏蜡嘴雀 - Coccothraustes vespertinus (Evening Grosbeak)
- 麻雀科 Passeridae
- 家麻雀 - Passer domesticus (House Sparrow) ※外来种
参考文献
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