模板:IPA-all/doc

用法

This template formats IPA transcriptions and links them to Help:IPA, a general IPA key. It is intended for languages without specific support, and for narrow transcriptions of languages that do. See below for specific templates.

The first cell in the template is for the transcription, and a second optional cell is a switch that controls the lede. With no second value, the lede IPA: appears:

• {{IPA-all|a}} → 國際音標：[a]
• {{IPA-all|a|pron}} → 發音：[a]
• {{IPA-all|a|local}} → 當地發音：[a]
• {{IPA-all|a|}} → [a]

Language names may be entered as well; in this case, the colon is required:

• {{IPA-all|a|泰語：}} → 泰語：[a]

Any of these may be combined with a sound file in an optional third cell:

• {{IPA-all|a|local|Nl-A.ogg}} → 當地發音：[a] （^ⓘ）

To keep the default lede, however, ‹IPA› must be entered in the second cell:

• {{IPA-all|a|IPA|Nl-A.ogg}} → 國際音標：[a] （^ⓘ）

The similar template {{pronunciation}} has no lede switch:

• {{pronunciation|Nl-A.ogg}} → 讀音^ⓘ

應用

維基百科提供了多個各模板，令條目中使用國際音標（IPA）準確標音時更方便。

國際音標字型

一般來說，當條目內容出現使用國際音標符號的地方，都應該用{{IPA}}包圍，使瀏覽器能夠轉用一些支援國際音標的字型來顯示。 若內文有相當部分包含國際音標，一般我們都會在條目頂部用{{IPA notice|lang=en}}來貼出提示，並且在內文所有需要用到國際音標的地方加上{{IPA}}來標註。

If there are not enough occurrences to warrant a notice, then consider a template that links to an IPA key for the first instance of the IPA on a page or section.

英文單字

For English words, in a broad, non-regional transcription, as when giving the pronunciation of a key word in an article, use templates linking to Help:IPA for English, a chart of the subset of the IPA that is relevant to English:

• {{IPA-en}}, appearing as: 英語發音：/word/ (also /word/, 英語：/word/, 發音：/word/, as hereafter).
• {{IPAc-en}}, which automates the conversion to IPA, so that {{IPAc-en|'|w|3r|d}} appears as /ˈwɜːrd/. This provides mouse-over links to the symbols, and is now the preferred template. 請參閱英語SAMPA表來查看英語國際音標對應的鍵盤字符。

其他語言單字

For foreign words that are not assimilated into English, regional pronunciations of English words, and non-standard English dialects, use templates linking to the more general Help:IPA chart, containing all major IPA symbols:

• • {{IPA-all}}, appearing as: 國際音標：[word]. Or:
  • For specific languages, there may be dedicated IPA keys for standardized transcription. There are several options for their display. The first cell includes the ISO code of the language; the second is the transcription; the third keys an introductory phrase; and the fourth is space for a sound file. Using the French word eau [o] as an example, we have the default format:

• {{IPA-fr|o}} → 法語發音：[o]

Or the word "pronounced" can be used as the introduction:

• {{IPA-fr|o|pron}} → 發音：[o]

Language name only:

• {{IPA-fr|o|lang}} → 法語：[o]

"IPA" only:

• {{IPA-fr|o|IPA}} → IPA：[o]

Link only:

• {{IPA-fr|o|}} → [o]

Any of these may be combined with a sound file:

• {{IPA-fr|o|lang|Fr-eau.ogg}} → 法語：[o] （^ⓘ）

For the default introductory phrase, however, a placeholder such as 「-」 is required:

• {{IPA-fr|o|-|Fr-eau.ogg}} → 法語發音：[o] （^ⓘ）

支援語言

本系列模板支援以下語言：

支援的語言及對應模板

阿爾巴尼亞語：{{IPA-sq}} 阿拉伯語：{{IPA-ar}}及{{IPA-arz}}（埃及方言） 亞美尼亞語：{{IPA-hy}} 法蘭克-普羅旺斯語：{{IPA-frp}} 阿斯圖里亞斯語：{{IPA-ast}}, {{IPA-le}}, {{IPA-mwl}}, {{IPA-ext}} 澳洲原住民語：{{IPA-aus}} 巴斯克語：{{IPA-eu}} 白俄羅斯語：{{IPA-be}} 柏柏爾語：{{IPA-tam}} 保加利亞語及馬其頓語：{{IPA-bg}}及{{IPA-mk}} 緬甸語：{{IPA-my}} 粵語：{{IPA-yue}} 加泰羅尼亞語：{{IPA-ca}}及{{IPA-va}} 科隆語：{{IPA-ksh}} 捷克語及斯洛伐克語：{{IPA-cs}} 丹麥語：{{IPA-da}} 荷蘭語、佛萊芒語，和阿非利卡語：{{IPA-nl}}及{{IPA-af}} 英語：{{IPA-en}}（參看以下的{{IPAc-en}}） 斐濟語：{{IPA-fj}} 芬蘭語及愛沙尼亞語：{{IPA-fi}}及{{IPA-et}} 法語：{{IPA-fr}}（參看以下的{{IPAc-fr}}） 格魯吉亞語：{{IPA-ka}} 德語：{{IPA-de}}及{{IPA-gsw}} 希臘語：{{IPA-el}} 海地克里奧爾語：{{IPA-ht}} 夏威夷語：{{IPA-haw}} 希伯來語：{{IPA-he}} 印度斯坦語：{{IPA-hns}}、{{IPA-hi}}、{{IPA-ur}} 匈牙利語：{{IPA-hu}}（參看以下的{{IPAc-hu}}） 冰島語：{{IPA-is}} 愛爾蘭語：{{IPA-ga}}（參看以下的{{IPAc-ga}}） 意大利語：{{IPA-it}} 日本語：{{IPA-ja}} 高棉語：{{IPA-km}} 韓國語：{{IPA-ko}} 老撾語、依桑語：{{IPA-lo}} 拉丁語：{{IPA-la}} 馬拉加斯語：{{IPA-mg}} 馬來語及印尼語：{{IPA-may}} 中文（普通話）：{{IPA-cmn}} (see also {{IPAc-cmn}} hereafter) 曼島語：{{IPA-gv}} 毛利語： {{IPA-mi}} 納瓦特爾語：{{IPA-nah}} 奧克語：{{IPA-oc}} 波斯語：{{IPA-fa}} 波蘭語：{{IPA-pl}}（參看以下的{{IPAc-pl}}） 葡萄牙語及加利西亞語：{{IPA-pt}}及{{IPA-gl}} 羅馬尼亞語：{{IPA-ro}} 俄語：{{IPA-ru}} 梵語：{{IPA-sa}} 蘇格蘭蓋爾語：{{IPA-gd}} 塞爾維亞語和克羅地亞語：{{IPA-sh}}、{{IPA-hr}}、{{IPA-sr}}、{{IPA-cnr}} 西班牙語：{{IPA-es}} 瑞典語及挪威語：{{IPA-sv}}及{{IPA-no}} 他加祿語（菲律賓語）：{{IPA-tl}} 淡米爾語：{{IPA-ta}} 泰語：{{IPA-th}} 藏語：{{IPA-bo}} 土耳其語及阿塞拜疆語：{{IPA-tr}} 烏克蘭語：{{IPA-uk}} 越南語：{{IPA-vi}} 威爾斯語：{{IPA-cy}} 意第緒語：{{IPA-yi}}

給其他未支援的語言使用的IPA-all模板

Redirects have been created for languages which do not yet have dedicated templates. Transcriptions which use these redirects will link to {{IPA-all}} for the time being; when a language-specific template is created the articles will be linked correctly. For example, you can use {{IPA-jv|word}} for Javanese, but for the moment it will be redirected to {{IPA-all}}, producing 國際音標：[word].

Languages and language extensions (IPA-iso) with redirects to IPA-all

{{IPA-all}} (transcriptions not specific to any language, or which have not yet been reassigned) {{IPA-ace}} 亞齊語 {{IPA-ain}} 阿伊努語（蝦夷文） {{IPA-ak}} Akan (Fante, Twi) {{IPA-alg}} Algonquian (Micmac, Cree) {{IPA-am}} Amharic {{IPA-an}} 阿拉貢語 {{IPA-ang}} 古英語 {{IPA-arn}} Mapuche {{IPA-art}} artificial (Esperanto, Tolkien, etc.) {{IPA-ath}} Athabaskan (Dene, Navajo) {{IPA-ay}} 艾馬拉語 {{IPA-azc}} Uto-Aztecan (Shoshone, Comanche) {{IPA-ba}} 巴什基爾語 {{IPA-bm}} 曼丁語、班巴拉語 {{IPA-bn}} 孟加拉語、阿薩姆語 {{IPA-bodia}} 藏語群 {{IPA-br}} 布列塔尼語 {{IPA-cau}} （北）高加索諸語言 {{IPA-cel}} 凱爾特語族 {{IPA-ch}} 查莫羅語 {{IPA-csb}} 卡舒比語 {{IPA-cv}} 楚瓦什語 {{IPA-dedia}} 德語方言 {{IPA-dv}} 迪維西語 {{IPA-ee}} Gbe (Ewe, Fon) {{IPA-endia}} 英語方言 {{IPA-enm}} Middle English {{IPA-esdia}} Spanish dialects {{IPA-fo}} Faroese {{IPA-frdia}} French dial. (Canadian, Metis, Norman) {{IPA-fy}} Frisian {{IPA-gn}} Guaraní {{IPA-gsw}} Alemannic (Swiss, Alsatian) {{IPA-gu}} Gujarati {{IPA-ha}}豪薩語 {{IPA-hak}} Hakka {{IPA-hmn}} Hmong {{IPA-ig}} Igbo {{IPA-ira}} Iranian (Old Persian, Kurdish, Pamir) {{IPA-iro}} Iroquoian (Mohawk, Cherokee) {{IPA-itdia}} Italian dial. (Corsican, Sicilian, Sardinian [also IPA-srd]) {{IPA-iu}} 伊努克提圖特語 {{IPA-jv}} 爪哇語 {{IPA-ki}} Kikuyu {{IPA-kk}} 哈薩克語 {{IPA-kl}} Greenlandic {{IPA-kn}} Kannada {{IPA-kok}} Konkani {{IPA-kw}} Cornish {{IPA-ky}} Kyrgyz {{IPA-lg}} Ganda {{IPA-lij}} Ligurian (Genoese) {{IPA-lt}} Lithuanian {{IPA-ltc}} Middle Chinese {{IPA-lv}} Latvian {{IPA-mga}} Middle Irish {{IPA-ml}} Malayalam {{IPA-mn}} 蒙古語 {{IPA-mnw}} Mon {{IPA-moh}} Mohawk {{IPA-mos}} Mossi/Gurunsi {{IPA-mr}} Marathi {{IPA-mt}} 馬耳他語 {{IPA-mus}} Muskogean (Chickasaw, Creek) {{IPA-myn}} Maya(n) {{IPA-nan}} Minnan/Taiwanese {{IPA-ne}} 尼泊爾語 {{IPA-non}} Old Norse {{IPA-ny}} Chewa {{IPA-oax}} Oaxaca (Zapotec, Mixe, Otomi) {{IPA-or}} Oriya {{IPA-pa}} Punjabi {{IPA-pms}} Piedmontese {{IPA-poly}} (other) Polynesian {{IPA-ps}} Pashto {{IPA-qu}} Quecha {{IPA-rm}} Romansh {{IPA-rw}} Rwanda-Rundi {{IPA-ryu}} Okinawan langs {{IPA-sal}} Salish & NW Coast {{IPA-sco}} Scots {{IPA-sd}} Sindhi {{IPA-sei}} Seri {{IPA-sem}} (ancient) Semitic, Egyptian {{IPA-sga}} Old Irish {{IPA-shn}} Shan {{IPA-si}} Sinhala {{IPA-sio}} Siouan (Omaha, Lakota) {{IPA-sl}} Slovene {{IPA-sla}} Slavic (Old Slavic, Silesian, Sorbian) {{IPA-sm}} Samoan {{IPA-sn}} Shona {{IPA-so}} Somali {{IPA-st}} Sotho {{IPA-su}} Sundanese {{IPA-sw}} Swahili {{IPA-syr}} Syriac {{IPA-te}} Telugu {{IPA-tn}} Tswana {{IPA-to}} Tongan {{IPA-tt}} 韃靼語 {{IPA-tyv}} Tuvan {{IPA-ug}} Uyghur {{IPA-uz}} Uzbek {{IPA-wo}} Wolof {{IPA-wuu}} 吳語 {{IPA-xh}} Nguni (Zulu, Xhosa, Swazi) {{IPA-xx}} (misc. languages with only a few transcriptions apiece, or unidentified) {{IPA-yo}} Yoruba {{IPA-zu}} Nguni (Zulu, Xhosa, Swazi)

轉換為IPA

Another type of language-specific template allows you to enter ordinary letters (or conventional ASCII equivalents) from a given language for automatic conversion to phonetic symbols. Those currently available are {{IPAc-ar}} for Arabic, {{IPAc-cmn}} for Mandarin, {{IPAc-en}} for English, {{IPAc-fr}} for French, {{IPAc-ga}} for Irish, {{IPAc-hu}} for Hungarian, {{IPAc-pl}} for Polish and {{IPAc-ja}} for Japanese. For example:

• {{IPAc-ar|2|a|l|l|u|gh|a|t_|a|l|3|a|r|a|b|i|y|y|a}} → [ʔalluɣat‿alʕarabijja]
• {{IPAc-cmn|zh|ong|1|h|ua|2|-|r|en|2|m|in|2|-|g|ong|4|h|e|2|g|uo|2}} → [tʂʊ́ŋxwǎ ʐə̌nmǐn kʊ̂ŋxɤ̌kwɔ̌]
• {{IPAc-en|,|{|l|@|'|b|{|m|@}} → /ˌæləˈbæmə/
• {{IPAc-fr|j|@|-|s|U|i|s_|a|m|é|r|i|c|ain}} → [jə sɥi.z‿ameʁikɛ̃]
• {{IPAc-ga|'|b|ai|l'|@|-|'|á|th|@|-|'|c'|l'|ia|th}} → [ˈbˠalʲə ˈaːhə ˈclʲiəh]
• {{IPAc-hu|'|m|a|gy|á|r}} → [ˈmɒɟaːr]
• {{IPAc-pl|'|sz|cz|e|ć|i|n}} → [ˈʂt​͡ʂɛt​͡ɕin]

追蹤分類

• Category:有音頻讀音的條目（343）
• Category:有IPAc-en不支援的輸入的條目（0）

參看

• {{respell}}，用於發音重拼, which may be used for English words in addition to the IPA
• {{lang-nci-IPA}}, for dual Nahuatl-IPA transcription

參見

• {{IPA2}}