维基百科

伊斯坦布尔机场

土耳其伊斯坦堡的國際機場
关于其他伊斯坦布尔的机场，请见“伊斯坦布尔机场 (消歧义)”。

伊斯坦布尔机场（土耳其语：İstanbul Havalimanı，英语：Istanbul Airport；IATA代码：IST；ICAO代码：LTFM），原称伊斯坦布尔新机场（土耳其语：İstanbul Yeni Havalimanı，英语：Istanbul New Airport），是土耳其最大城市伊斯坦布尔主要的联外国际机场，亦是来往欧洲、亚洲及非州的重要航空中转站之一，位于伊斯坦布尔欧洲一方中北部的阿尔纳武特柯伊（英语：Arnavutköy (district)）（Arnavutköy），于2018年10月29日土耳其国庆日局部启用。2019年4月6日起，所有原伊斯坦布尔阿塔图尔克机场的客运航班转移至该机场作业。

伊斯坦布尔机场
Istanbul Airport

İstanbul Havalimanı
概览
机场类型民用
所有者土耳其国家机场总局 (DHMİ)（英语：General Directorate of State Airports）
运营者IGA (Istanbul Grand Airport) Havalimanı İşletmesi A.Ş.（英语：S.A. (corporation)）
服务城市 土耳其伊斯坦布尔
地理位置伊斯坦布尔阿尔纳武特柯伊区（英语：Arnavutköy (district)）
启用日期
  • 2018年10月29日，​6年前​（2018-10-29） (开幕典礼)[1]
  • 2019年4月6日，​5年前​（2019-04-06） (旅客运营开始)
  • 2022年2月5日，​2年前​（2022-02-05） (货运服务开始)
基地航空公司
建造日期2014 – 2018
时区TRT（UTC+03:00）
海拔高度99米（325英尺）
坐标41°15′44″N 28°43′40″E / 41.26222°N 28.72778°E / 41.26222; 28.72778
网址www.istairport.com
地图
IST/LTFM在伊斯坦布尔的位置
IST/LTFM
IST/LTFM
Location of airport in Turkey
IST/LTFM在土耳其的位置
IST/LTFM
IST/LTFM
IST/LTFM (土耳其)
IST/LTFM在欧洲的位置
IST/LTFM
IST/LTFM
IST/LTFM (欧洲)
IST/LTFM在北大西洋的位置
IST/LTFM
IST/LTFM
IST/LTFM (北大西洋)
跑道
方向 长度 表面
米 英尺
16L/34R 3,750 12,303 沥青
16R/34L 3,750 12,303 沥青
17L/35R 4,100 13,451 沥青
17R/35L 4,100 13,451 沥青
18/36 3,060 10,039 沥青、混凝土
统计数据（2020）
起落架次185,642
客流量（人次）23,409,132（其中国际旅客15,994,695）
货运量（吨）869,289
来源: Turkish AIP at Eurocontrol[2]

历史

编辑
已隐藏部分未翻译内容，欢迎参与翻译。
 
Terminal building exterior
 
Entrance area
 
Terminal building interior
 
Airside area interior

背景

编辑

伊斯坦布尔阿塔图尔克机场空间不足的问题使得增建跑道变得困难。这限制了机场及其所在城市的发展。因此，土耳其机场管理局无法让更多的航班、货物容纳于伊斯坦布尔阿塔图尔克机场。这增加了与空中交通拥挤相关的问题。因此，他们决定建造另一个机场。这个机场旨在服务伊斯坦布尔。

由于伊斯坦布尔阿塔图尔克机场停机位不足，土耳其航空公司的飞机被转移到萨比哈·格克琴机场。萨比哈·格克琴机场的航站楼已达到最大容量，可为2500万乘客提供服务。此外，在2015年，该机场已经为2800万乘客提供了服务。这一现像是由于2013年以来交通增长率平均为20％。

伊斯坦布尔阿塔图尔克机场是欧洲最繁忙的机场之一。自2013年以来，它在客流量方面一直位居欧洲五大繁忙机场之列。在2017年，伊斯坦布尔的两个机场共处理了超过1亿名乘客。[3]就区域机场面积而言，伦敦地区的六个机场每年为超过1.5亿名乘客提供服务，而巴黎地区的三个机场每年为大约1亿名乘客提供服务。

Location

编辑

有关当局决定在 Arnavutköy, Göktürk, 和 Çatalca, 伊斯坦布尔市中心以北和之间 黑海 的沿岸城镇 Yeniköy​（土耳其语）, Tayakadın 和 Akpınar 道路交叉口建设新机场. 这个区域 7,600-公顷（19,000-英亩） 邻近 Lake Terkos. 有些 6,172公顷（15,250英亩） 区域是国有林地. 伊斯坦布尔机场和阿塔图尔克机场之间的距离约为 35 km（22 mi）. The area encompassed old open-pit coal mines, which were later filled with soil.[4]

According to the Environmental Impact Assessment (ÇED) report published in April 2013, there were a total of 2,513,341 trees in the area and 657,950 of them would need to be cut indispensably, while 1,855,391 trees would be moved to new places. However, the Ministry of Forest and Water Management claimed the exact number of trees cut and moved would only be revealed after construction was complete.[4]

Construction

编辑

For Istanbul Atatürk Airport, a tender was made for its construction as well as its functioning. The same was held on May 3, 2013. 4 stages of construction were decided for this project. It is said that with the completion of these stages, the airport being constructed could serve many passengers. Their number was estimated to be around 200 million. Considering the time when the airport was being planned, this serving capacity could be the biggest across the globe. It was decided that in a duration of 42 months, stage 1 would be complete. Also, the handing over of land would get over. The project aimed at utilizing around €7 billion. This sum did not include any financing cost.

The government assured a consortium for both construction purposes and operation. Further, passengers in a number of 342 million were assured over a period of 12 years. Grimshaw, based in London, headed this design team. The team had the Nordic Office of Architecture from Norway. In addition, Haptic, based in London, was also a part of the team.

At the bidding session on 3 May 2013, only four out of fifteen Turkish and two foreign companies that were qualified as bidders showed up. The Turkish joint venture consortium of Cengiz-Kolin-Limak-Mapa-Kalyon won the tender and were obliged to pay the government €26.142 billion including value-added tax for a 25-year lease starting from 2018. The completion date of the construction's first stage was officially set for 2018 – 42 months after the finalization of the tender's approval.[4]

The groundbreaking ceremony took place on 7 June 2014,[5] though construction only started in May 2015 after the land was officially handed over.[6]

The inauguration of the airport took place on the planned date of 29 October 2018. It was reported that the first test landing at the airport would take place on 26 February 2018; however, the first landing took place on 20 June 2018.[7] Testing of navigational and electronic systems with DHMİ aircraft had begun on 15 May 2018.[8]

The control tower is in the shape of the Turkish national flower, the tulip.[9]

Project stages

编辑

The construction of the airport is taking place in several stages, expanding the airport and its facilities over time.[10][11][12][13]

The first stage consists of the main terminal, with an annual passenger capacity of 90 million and an area of 1,440,000 m2（15,500,000 sq ft） – making it the world's largest airport terminal building under a single roof,[14] despite Dubai International Airport Terminal 3 having a larger floor area at 1,713,000 m2（18,440,000 sq ft） due to tunnels connecting its two concourses. There will also be two pairs of parallel runways connected to eight parallel taxiways to the west of the main terminal, approximately 4,000,000 m2（43,000,000 sq ft） of apron space, and an indoor car-park with a capacity of 12,000 vehicles. In addition, the airport will feature three technical blocks for repairs, maintenance, and fueling, as well as an air traffic control tower, eight ramp control towers, and hangars for cargo and general aviation aircraft.[15] Several other services are also to be in operation, including hospitals, frequent-flyer and VIP lounges, prayer rooms, convention centers, and hotels; some of these are expected to form part of the Istanbul Airport City project.[16]

The second stage will add a third independent runway to the east of the main terminal, as well as a fourth remote runway with an east–west heading and additional taxiways and apron areas. The third stage is planned to add a second passenger terminal with a capacity of 60 million annual passengers and an estimated area of around 960,000 m2（10,300,000 sq ft）, as well as an additional runway and new support facilities area. The final and fourth stage of expansion will, along with adding another runway, allow for the construction of satellite terminals with a combined capacity of 50 million passengers and area of up to 800,000 m2（8,600,000 sq ft） if needed.[15]

Once fully completed by 2025, the airport will have six sets of runways (eight in total), 16 taxiways, and a total annual passenger capacity of 150 million passengers.[14][17] If fully expanded to a capacity of 200 million, the airport will exhibit four terminal buildings with interconnecting rail access that combine for a total indoor area of 3,200,000 m2（34,000,000 sq ft）. The airport will also have a 6,500,000 m2（70,000,000 sq ft） apron with a parking capacity of 500 aircraft, VIP lounges, cargo and general aviation facilities, a state palace, and indoor and outdoor parking that can accommodate up to 70,000 cars. A medical center, aircraft rescue and firefighting stations, hotels, convention centers, power plants, and wastewater treatment facilities will also be built.

Controversies

编辑

The Turkish Chamber of Environmental Engineers (ÇMO) took the project tender to court on grounds that the project violated the existing legislation for the preparation of the Environmental Impact Assessment (ÇED) report.[4] In February 2014, an Istanbul administrative court ordered construction of the airport to be suspended.[18] However, the groundbreaking ceremony still took place a few months later, on 7 June 2014.[5]

A report published in Turkish newspaper Cumhuriyet in February 2018 claimed that more than 400 workers had been killed during the construction of the airport, with accidents killing three to four workers every week, and families of the killed workers being paid to remain silent about the incidents.[19][20] Turkish daily Evrensel also alleged that fatal accidents continued to occur.[20] This prompted opposition MP Veli Ağbaba to submit a written questionnaire to the Turkish parliament on 13 February 2018. In response, the Turkish Ministry of Labour and Social Security claimed that there were only 27 fatalities during the construction of the airport.[21] In October 2019, UK publications Construction News and Architects' Journal published a joint investigation into fatalities at the airport, nicknamed by workers "the cemetery" as so many have died.[22] By this point, the official death toll had risen to 55, h unofficial estimates suggested that the figure could be "higher than 400". Four architects worked on the airport's design, three of them being UK-based: Grimshaw Architects, Scott Brownrigg, and Haptic Architects.[22]

Mass worker protests broke out on 14 September 2018 after a bus carrying workers crashed, injuring 17. Complaints by workers included poor living conditions in "vermin-infested dormitories", issues in transportation that had left them stranded under the rain or on site during holidays, and long delays in payments, among others.[23][24] Police and gendarmerie forces were called in and workers eventually returned to work under alleged threats of arrest or further withholding of wages.[23]

On 19 December 2018, part of the airport construction site was flooded after heavy rainfall.[25]

In January 2020, MP Meral Danış Bestaş demanded an explanation for why the new translation service of 36 languages at Istanbul Airport did not include Kurdish, the biggest minority language and thus second-biggest language overall within Turkey.[26]

Operations

编辑

The opening ceremony took place on 29 October 2018, scheduled so as to coincide with the 95th anniversary of the proclamation of the Turkish Republic.[27] The airport had been unofficially known as 'Istanbul New Airport' during construction - the new official name of 'Istanbul Airport' was announced at the opening ceremony. The first flight from the airport was Turkish Airlines flight TK2124 to the Turkish capital Ankara on 31 October 2018.[28] On 1 November 2018, five daily flights began to arrive and depart from the airport: from Ankara, Antalya, Baku, North Nicosia, and İzmir,[29] followed by Adana and Trabzon starting in December.

Before the full transfer, all flights were operated exclusively by Turkish Airlines. Regularly scheduled flights to all of the new airport's destinations continued to depart from Atatürk and Sabiha Gökçen airports alongside these trial flights. It was originally planned that on 31 December 2018, all equipment from Atatürk Airport would be transferred to the new airport via the O-7 Motorway.[30][31] As of 17 January 2019, the transfer phase was set to start 1 March 2019.[32] However, on 25 February, the transfer phase was moved a fourth time to 5 April 2019.[33]

The full transfer of all scheduled commercial passenger flights from Istanbul Atatürk Airport to the new Istanbul Airport took place on 6 April 2019 between 02:00 and 14:00. Hundreds of trucks carried more than 10,000 pieces of equipment, each weighing about 44 tons were moved to the new airport over 41 hours.[34] Istanbul Atatürk Airport's IATA code IST was also transferred to the new airport.

新机场的位置

编辑

新机场位于伊斯坦布尔市区往北约35公里的阿尔纳武特柯伊市，若从伊斯坦布尔市区出发乘搭巴士前往新机场约需40分钟。

机场设施

编辑

该机场目前有一个为国内和国际航班服务的航站楼和5个正在运行的跑道。 两条 17/35 跑道的长度均为 4,100 米（13,451 英尺），而 16/34 跑道的长度为 3,750 米（12,303 英尺）。 17L/35R 和 16R/34L 跑道宽 60 米（197 英尺），而 17R/35L 和 16L/34R 跑道宽 45 米（148 英尺）；所有跑道表面均为沥青。

大厅

编辑

机场共有5个大厅（航站楼），字母排列为 A、B、D、F、G，共有 143 座旅客廊桥。 G大厅位于东南部，专供国内航班使用。 位于 G 大厅以北的 F 大厅的3个旅客廊桥也已分配给国内航班。 大厅 A、B、D 和 F 则用于国际航班使用；C 和 E 大厅直接连接到主航站楼，因此不是独立的大厅。

安全

编辑

3,500 名保全人员、 1,850 名警察、及 750 名移民官员，为机场提供安全保障。使用地面雷达保护机场周边，每 60 米设置固定闭路监视器，每 360 米设置可平移、倾斜、变焦等之高级监视器，每 720 米安装一光纤传感热像仪。 运营中的航站楼使用多达 9,000 个以上闭路监视器。

▲备注：机场设施已由 Laithomas 翻译完毕，还请更为专业之维基百科使用者协助调整排版及原文所附图片，感恩~

已隐藏部分未翻译内容，欢迎参与翻译。
 
Airport Layout (as of December 2020)

The airport currently has one terminal in service for domestic and international flights and four runways that are currently in operation. The two 17/35 runways are both 4,100 metres (13,451 feet) long, while the 16/34 runways are both 3,750 metres (12,303 feet) long. Runways 17L/35R and 16R/34L are 60 metres (197 feet) wide, while 17R/35L and 16L/34R are 45 metres (148 feet) wide. All runway surfaces are asphalt.[35]

Concourses

编辑

The airport features a total of five concourses lettered A, B, D, F, and G with a total of 143 passenger boarding bridges. Concourse G, which is located in the southeast, is reserved solely for domestic flights. Three passenger boarding bridges of Concourse F which is directly to the north of Concourse G have also been allocated for domestic flights. Concourses A, B, D, and F are used for international flights. The C and E concourses connect directly to the main terminal and are therefore not independent concourses.[36]

Security

编辑

3,500 security personnel and a total of 1,850 police, including 750 immigration officers, provide the airport's security.[37] The site's perimeter is protected using ground radar, fixed CCTV cameras every 60 meters, pan–tilt–zoom cameras every 360 meters, thermal cameras and fiber optic sensors every 720 meters. The active terminal building uses up to 9,000 CCTV cameras.[38]

航空公司及航点

编辑

客运

编辑
航空公司目的地航站楼
  土耳其航空（国际线） 欧洲：阿姆斯特丹、阿斯特拉罕（英语：Narimanovo Airport）、雅典、巴塞罗那、巴里（英语：Bari Karol Wojtyła Airport）、巴塞尔/米卢斯、贝尔格莱德、柏林-泰格尔、毕尔包、比隆、伯明翰、波隆纳、波尔多（英语：Bordeaux–Mérignac Airport）、不来梅、布鲁塞尔、布加勒斯特、布达佩斯、卡塔尼亚、基希讷乌、科隆/波昂、康斯坦察（英语：Mihail Kogălniceanu International Airport）、哥本哈根、第聂伯罗彼得罗夫斯克、都柏林、杜布罗夫尼克、杜塞尔多夫、爱丁堡、法兰克福、腓特烈港、日内瓦、热那亚、哥德堡、格拉茨、汉堡、汉诺威、赫尔辛基、伊万诺-弗兰科夫斯克、卡尔斯鲁厄/巴登-巴登、喀山、赫尔松、基辅-鲍里斯波尔、莱比锡/哈雷、里斯本、卢布尔雅那、伦敦-盖特威克、伦敦-希思罗、卢森堡、利维夫（英语：Lviv Danylo Halytskyi International Airport）、里昂、马德里、马拉加、马耳他、曼彻斯特、马赛、米兰-马尔彭萨、明斯克-国际、莫斯科-伏努科沃、慕尼黑、明斯特/奥斯纳布吕克、纳杰夫（英语：Al Najaf International Airport）、纳希切万、那不勒斯、尼斯、纽伦堡、敖德萨、奥斯陆-加勒穆恩、巴黎-戴高乐、比萨、波德戈里察、波尔图、布拉格、普里什蒂纳、里加、罗马-菲乌米奇诺、顿河畔罗斯托夫、鹿特丹/海牙、圣彼得堡、萨尔茨堡、萨拉热窝、斯科普里、索契、索菲亚、斯塔夫罗波尔（英语：Stavropol Shpakovskoye Airport）、斯德哥尔摩-阿兰达、斯图加特、塔林、塞萨洛尼基、地拉那、图卢兹、都灵、乌法、巴伦西亚、瓦尔纳、威尼斯-马可·波罗、维也纳、维尔纽斯、华沙-萧邦、科利佐沃、萨格勒布、扎波罗热、苏黎世
亚洲：阿布扎比、阿瓦士、阿拉木图、安曼-阿勒娅王后、亚喀巴、阿什哈巴德、阿斯塔纳、巴格达、巴林、 巴库、曼谷-素万那普、巴士拉、巴统、北京-首都、贝鲁特、比什凯克、科伦坡、达曼、德里、达卡、多哈、迪拜-国际、杜尚别、艾比尔、占贾、艾卜哈、广州、河内、胡志明市、香港、伊斯法罕、伊斯兰堡、雅加达-苏加诺-哈达国、吉达、喀布尔、卡拉奇、特里布万、克尔曼沙赫（英语：Kermanshah Airport）、苦盏、[39]吉隆坡、科威特、拉合尔、马累、马尼拉[40]、马什哈德、马扎里沙里夫、麦地那、孟买、马斯喀特、尼科西亚、托尔马切沃、奥什、大阪-关西、布吉、利雅得、撒马尔罕、首尔-仁川、上海-浦东、设拉子、新加坡、苏莱曼尼亚、大不里士、塔伊夫、台北-桃园、塔什干、第比利斯、德黑兰-伊玛目霍梅尼、特拉维夫、东京-成田、乌兰巴托、延布、西安-咸阳、雅温得
非洲：阿比让、阿布贾、[41]阿克拉、亚的斯亚贝巴、亚历山大港（英语：Borg El Arab Airport）、阿尔及尔、塔那那利佛[42]、阿斯马拉、巴马科、巴特纳（英语：Mostépha Ben Boulaid Airport）、开罗、开普敦、卡萨布兰卡、柯那克里、君士坦丁（英语：Mohamed Boudiaf International Airport）、波多诺伏、达喀尔、达累斯萨拉姆、自由城、乐蜀、洪加达、吉布提、杜阿拉、恩德培/坎帕拉、约翰内斯堡-奥利弗·坦博、朱巴、卡诺（英语：Mallam Aminu Kano International Airport）、喀土穆、基加利、乞力马扎罗、金沙萨-恩吉利、拉各斯、利伯维尔、塞舌尔、马普托[43]、毛里求斯、米苏拉塔（英语：Misrata Airport）、摩加迪沙、蒙巴萨、恩贾梅纳、奈罗比、尼亚美、努瓦克肖特、瓦赫兰、瓦加杜古、沙姆沙伊赫、特莱姆森（英语：Zenata – Messali El Hadj Airport）、突尼斯、桑给巴尔（英语：Abeid Amani Karume International Airport）
北美洲/中美洲/加勒比海：亚特兰大[44]、波士顿、坎昆、芝加哥-奥黑尔、夏湾拿、休斯敦-国际、洛杉矶、墨西哥城、迈亚密、[43]蒙特利尔–特鲁多、纽约-肯尼迪、巴拿马市、旧金山[45]、多伦多-皮尔逊、华盛顿-杜勒斯、温哥华
南美洲：波哥大、加拉加斯、布宜诺斯艾利斯-埃塞萨、圣保罗–瓜鲁柳斯
大洋洲：墨尔本、悉尼		 2
  土耳其航空（国内线）阿达纳（英语：Adana Şakirpaşa Airport）、阿德亚曼、阿勒、加济帕夏、安卡拉、安塔利亚、巴特曼、宾格尔、博德鲁姆（英语：Milas–Bodrum Airport）、恰纳卡莱、达拉曼、代尼兹利、迪亚巴克尔、埃拉泽、埃尔津詹、埃尔祖鲁姆、加济安泰普（英语：Gaziantep Airport）、哈卡里、哈塔伊、厄德尔、伊兹密尔、卡赫拉曼马拉什、卡尔斯（英语：Kars Harakani Airport）、卡斯塔莫努、开塞利、科尼亚、屈塔希亚（英语：Zafer Airport）、马拉蒂亚、马尔丁、阿马西亚、穆什、内夫谢希尔、奥尔杜-吉雷松（英语：Ordu-Giresun Airport）、萨姆松（英语：Samsun-Çarşamba Airport）、尚勒乌尔法（英语：Şanlıurfa GAP Airport）、舍尔纳克、锡诺普、锡瓦斯、特拉布宗、凡城 1
  天鹿航空（英语：Onur Air） 阿达纳（英语：Adana Şakirpaşa Airport）、安塔利亚、加济帕夏、博德鲁姆（英语：Milas–Bodrum Airport）、达拉曼、迪亚巴克尔、埃拉泽、埃尔祖鲁姆、加济安泰普（英语：Oğuzeli Airport）、伊兹密尔、马拉蒂亚（英语：Malatya Erhaç Airport）、萨姆松（英语：Samsun-Çarşamba Airport）、特拉布宗 1
  奥努尔航空（英语：Onur Air） 阿姆斯特丹、柏林-泰格尔、杜塞尔多夫、埃尔詹、法兰克福、敖德萨、巴黎-戴高乐、斯图加特、[46] 维也纳[47] 2
  飞马航空 伊兹密尔 1
  阿斯塔纳航空 阿拉木图、阿斯塔纳、阿特劳、阿克套 2
  斯卡特航空 阿克套、卡拉干达（英语：Sary-Arka Airport）、奇姆肯特 2
  索蒙航空 杜尚别 2
  塔吉克航空 杜尚别 2
  土库曼斯坦航空 阿什哈巴德、土库曼巴希 2
  乌兹别克斯坦航空 塔什干 2
  阿塞拜疆航空 巴库 2
  白俄罗斯航空 明斯克-国际 2
  俄罗斯航空 莫斯科-谢列梅捷沃 2
  俄罗斯航空
由俄罗斯国家航空运营		 圣彼得堡 2
  雅库茨克航空克拉斯诺达尔 2
  北风航空下卡姆斯克（英语：Begishevo Airport） －
  乌克兰国际航空 基辅、利维夫（英语：Lviv Danylo Halytskyi International Airport） 2
  第聂伯航空 第聂伯罗彼得罗夫斯克 2
  伊朗ATA航空 大不里士[48]、德黑兰 2
  伊朗航空 大不里士、德黑兰 2
  马汉航空 德黑兰 2
  梅拉杰航空（英语：Meraj Airlines） 德黑兰、马什哈德 2
  格什姆岛航空（英语：Qeshm Airlines） 德黑兰 2
  扎格罗斯山航空（英语：Zagros Airlines） 德黑兰 2
  里海航空 德黑兰-伊玛目霍梅尼 2
  阿里亚纳阿富汗航空 喀布尔 2
  阿联酋航空 迪拜-国际 2
  阿提哈德航空 阿布扎比 2
  半岛航空科威特 2
  科威特航空 科威特 2
  伊拉克航空 巴格达、巴士拉、艾比尔 2
  扎格罗斯喷射航空（英语：Zagrosjet） 艾比尔 2
  中东航空 贝鲁特 2
  卡塔尔航空 多哈 2
  海湾航空 巴林、科威特 2
  沙特阿拉伯航空 达曼、吉达、麦地那、利雅得 2
  皇家约旦航空 安曼-阿勒娅王后 2
  摩尔多瓦航空 基希讷乌 2
  罗马尼亚航空 布加勒斯特 2
  塞尔维亚航空贝尔格莱德 2
  爱琴海航空 雅典 2
  爱琴海航空
由奥林匹克航空运营		季节性：雅典 2
  LOT波兰航空 华沙-萧邦 2
  西班牙国家航空 马德里 2
  捷特飞航空 布鲁塞尔、沙勒罗瓦 2
  荷兰皇家航空 阿姆斯特丹 2
  英国航空 伦敦-希思罗 2
  汉莎航空 法兰克福
季节性：慕尼黑 		2
  朱恩航空 巴黎-戴高乐 2
  瑞士国际航空 苏黎世 2
  中国国际航空 北京-首都 2
  中国南方航空 北京-大兴 、广州 、乌鲁木齐 2
  四川航空 成都-天府 2
  吉祥航空 上海-浦东 2
  韩亚航空 首尔-仁川 2
  大韩航空 首尔-仁川 2
  新加坡航空 新加坡 2
  布拉克航空（英语：Buraq Air） 的黎波里 2
  泛非航空 贝达（英语：Al Abraq International Airport）、的黎波里 2
  阿尔及利亚航空 阿尔及尔、安纳巴、君士坦丁（英语：Mohamed Boudiaf International Airport）、瓦赫兰（英语：Oran Es Sénia Airport） 2
  埃及航空 开罗 2
  摩洛哥皇家航空 达尔贝达 2
  突尼斯航空 突尼斯 2

货运

编辑
航空公司目的地
加拿大航空货运（英语：Air Canada Cargo）[49][50] 蒙特利尔, 多伦多
ASL法国航空（英语：ASL Airlines France）[51] 格拉斯-奥洛涅、巴黎
比利时航空[52] 格拉斯-奥洛涅
敦豪航空[53] 莱比锡/哈雷
以色列航空[54] 特拉维夫
阿联酋货运航空[55] 迪拜、伦敦/希思罗
汉莎货运航空[56][57] 法兰克福
卡塔尔航空[58] 多哈
丝绸之路西部航空（英语：Silk Way West Airlines）[59] 巴库、基辅
新加坡货运航空[60][61] 新加坡
香港货运航空 香港
联合包裹服务航空[62][63] 波恩

启用状况

编辑

斥资116亿美金兴建的新机场，原计划在2018年10月29日第一期竣工启用，但由于工程严重延误，新机场只能在2018年10月29日局部启用，而第一期全面竣工日期延误至2019年4月6日，而4月6日起，原伊斯坦布尔阿塔图尔克机场的所有客运航班转移至此，而当第四期工程在2028年全面竣工后，每年可处理1.5亿旅客，4座航站楼，还有6条跑道（第一期只有4条跑道），以及500个停机坪（其中143个停机位附有廊桥），每小时可处理19架次升降，第四期竣工后将成为全球最大的机场。

机埸客运航站楼的屋顶采用凸孤度设计，由一枝枝小型的支柱支撑着屋顶，可以从外面引入一些自然光线，而航站楼上方的屋顶形成了一个个弯曲的三角形，而玻璃最上方形成了弯曲，而屋顶也形成了一个三角形。

事故和事件

编辑

2022年11月 - 有人对飞往机场的俄罗斯航空公司SU2130型飞机发出了炸弹威胁。正因为如此，飞机在14:00降落在伊斯坦布尔机场后被带到了一个安全的停车区以确保安全。飞机停放在安全地点后，警察小组对飞机进行了搜查，确定威胁是假的。[64]

统计

编辑

以下是伊斯坦布尔机场2018-2023年的乘客数据和增减记录[65]：

请参阅源Wikidata查询.

伊斯坦布尔机场乘客统计[66]
年份 国内旅客发送量 变化 国际旅客发送量 变化 合计 变化
20181 65,006 ━ 30,199 ━ 95,205 ━
2019 12,574,641 ▲ 19243.9% 39,434,579 ▲ 130482.4% 52,009,220 ▲ 54528.7%
2020 7,414,437 ▼ 41% 15,994,695 ▼ 59.6% 23,409,132 ▼ 55%
2021 10,590,203 ▲ 42% 26,586,306 ▲ 67% 37,176,509 ▲ 59%
2022 15,894,315 ▲ 49% 48,591,863 ▲ 83% 64,486,178 ▲ 73%
2023(截至2月) 2,396,623 ▲ 29% 8,371,441 ▲ 61% 10,768,064 ▲ 53%

^1 : 2018年的统计数据对应于机场开放以来的2018年最后3个月。

联外交通

编辑
已隐藏部分未翻译内容，欢迎参与翻译。

Although currently the airport is only serviced from the city by affordable private Havaist and public İETT buses,[67] it will eventually be linked by two lines of the Istanbul Metro. The new M11 line starting from Gayrettepe station is scheduled to open in late 2021. Another from Halkalı on the Marmaray rail line is expected to be completed in 2022.[68]

上一站 Istanbul Metro 下一站
Template:Istanbul Metro lines

Mainline railway will connect the airport to Halkalı, and via outer city bypass running over the Yavuz Sultan Selim Bridge across the Bosporus and connecting with the Asian rail network at Gebze.[69]

Taxi

编辑

Istanbul city taxis are readily available 24 hours a day outside the arrival and departure areas of the airport. A trip to Istanbul city centre by taxi takes approximately 40 minutes.[70]

参考资料

编辑
  1. ^ Istanbul Airport, 'world's new hub,' officially opened. www.aa.com.tr. [2022-05-01]. （原始内容存档于2022-05-08）. 
  2. ^ General Directorate Of State Airports Authority. [2021-01-19]. （原始内容存档于2020-07-14）. 
  3. ^ Turkish Airport Traffic Statistics. DHMI Turkey. [18 March 2016]. （原始内容存档于2018-01-18）. 
  4. ^ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 Consortium wins Istanbul airport tender for 22.1 billion euros. Hürriyet Daily News. 3 May 2013 [3 May 2013]. （原始内容存档于2017-10-18）. 
  5. ^ 5.0 5.1 Grundsteinlegung für Mega-Flughafen in Istanbul. （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） welt.de, 7. Juni 2014; retrieved, 8 June 2014
  6. ^ Construction of new Istanbul airport officially starts under shadow of challenges, questions. 18 July 2015 [21 July 2015]. （原始内容存档于2 August 2015）. 
  7. ^ - "Istanbul Grand Airport to open in October 2018" （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） (German) 6 October 2017
  8. ^ 3. Havalimanı'nın yüzde 90'ı tamamlandı. trthaber.com. 27 May 2018 [1 October 2018]. （原始内容存档于1 July 2018） （土耳其语）. 
  9. ^ Suri, Charu. This New Airport Is Larger Than Manhattan. Architectural Digest. 25 October 2018 [15 June 2019]. （原始内容存档于2022-01-24）. 
  10. ^ Dünyanın en büyük havalimanı İstanbul'a yapılıyor. Star. 24 January 2013 [24 January 2013]. （原始内容存档于2016-03-19）. 
  11. ^ Istanbul's third airport 71 pct completed. Daily Sabah. 10 November 2017 [10 November 2017]. （原始内容存档于2022-01-24）. 
  12. ^ İGA - About the Construction. igairport.com. [27 March 2018]. （原始内容存档于28 March 2018）. 
  13. ^ İGA - Aşamalar. www.igairport.com. [27 March 2018]. （原始内容存档于30 April 2018）. 
  14. ^ 14.0 14.1 Construction - İGA. igairport.com. [6 April 2019]. （原始内容存档于1 April 2019）. 
  15. ^ 15.0 15.1 Phases - İGA. igairport.com. [6 April 2019]. （原始内容存档于1 April 2019）. 
  16. ^ Istanbul Airport City - İGA. igairport.com. [6 April 2019]. （原始内容存档于2021-10-05）. 
  17. ^ Ay, Hasan. Havalimanı değil zafer anıtı. sabah.com.tr. Sabah. [8 June 2014]. （原始内容存档于2018-08-28）. 
  18. ^ İstanbul court orders suspension of 3rd airport's construction. Today's Zaman. 10 February 2014 [8 June 2014]. （原始内容存档于26 February 2014）. 
  19. ^ Güsten, Susanne. Staunen und Sterben auf dem neuen Mega-Flughafen in Istanbul [Amazement and dying at the new mega-airport in Istanbul]. Augsburger Allgemeine. 25 February 2018 [26 February 2018]. （原始内容存档于2021-04-27） （德语）. 
  20. ^ 20.0 20.1 Seibert, Thomas. Mega airport project in Turkey's Istanbul rocked by deaths of dozens of workers. The Arab Weekly. 25 February 2018 [31 October 2018]. （原始内容存档于2022-01-24）. 
  21. ^ Boyacıoğlu, Hacer. Turkish government says 27 workers killed in Istanbul's third airport construction. Hürriyet. 14 February 2018 [26 February 2018]. （原始内容存档于2018-09-19）. 
  22. ^ 22.0 22.1 Garner-Purkis, Zac; Hurst, Will. Investigation: the human cost of building the world's biggest airport. Architects' Journal. 10 October 2019 [10 October 2019]. （原始内容存档于2019-12-15）. 
  23. ^ 23.0 23.1 Workers forced to build new airport under gendarmerie supervision in Istanbul. Ahval. 17 September 2018 [15 October 2018]. （原始内容存档于15 October 2018）. 
  24. ^ Öztürk, Fundanur. 3. Havalimanı eylemleri: İşçiler ne talep ediyor, ana firma İGA taleplere ne diyor?. BBC News Türkçe. 20 September 2018 [15 October 2018]. （原始内容存档于15 October 2018） （土耳其语）. 
  25. ^ Istanbul's new airport site floods after heavy rain. 19 December 2018 [20 December 2018]. 
  26. ^ Kurdish absent from Istanbul Airport's instant translation service. Ahval. [6 March 2020]. （原始内容存档于2021-04-27） （英语）. 
  27. ^ 'Istanbul Airport' inaugurated as Erdoğan says Atatürk Airport will remain in downsized form. Hürriyet Daily News. 29 October 2018 [29 October 2018]. （原始内容存档于2022-01-24）. 
  28. ^ First flight departs from Istanbul's new airport. The Washington Post. [2 November 2018]. （原始内容存档于31 October 2018）. 
  29. ^ Yeni Havalimanı'nda THY'nin ilk uçuş fiyatları belli oldu. Habertürk. 11 October 2018 [2022-01-24]. （原始内容存档于2022-01-24）. 
  30. ^ Kokpit.aero'nun dediği çıktı: İstanbul Yeni Havalimanı için taşınma tarihi açıklandı. www.kokpit.aero. 5 October 2018 [6 October 2018]. （原始内容存档于2018-11-07） （土耳其语）. 
  31. ^ New Istanbul airport to only open fully at end of year: paper. Reuters. 13 October 2018 [15 October 2018]. （原始内容存档于2022-01-24）. 
  32. ^ TRANSFER PROGRAMME FOR ISTANBUL AIRPORT (LTFM) (PDF). Eurocontrol NOP. 17 January 2019 [2022-01-24]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2019-01-19）. 
  33. ^ TRANSFER PROGRAMME FOR ISTANBUL AIRPORT (LTFM) (PDF). Eurocontrol NOP. 25 February 2019 [2022-01-24]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2019-02-26）. 
  34. ^ Insider, Alexandra Ma, Business. Turkey's national carrier moved all its flights from Istanbul's old airport to its shiny replacement in a single, stressful, 41-hour 'big bang'. Business Insider Deutschland. [9 April 2019] （德语）. [失效链接]
  35. ^ LTFM Chart. 4 October 2018. （原始内容存档于6 November 2018）. 
  36. ^ Istanbul Airport Map. [2022-01-24]. （原始内容存档于2019-04-15）. 
  37. ^ 29 Ekim'de ilk etabı açılacak. Habertürk. 3 November 2018 [6 November 2018]. （原始内容存档于6 November 2018） （tr-TR）. 
  38. ^ İlk kez İstanbul Havalimanı'nda kullanılacak. NTV. 3 November 2018 [6 November 2018]. （原始内容存档于6 November 2018）. 
  39. ^ L, J. Turkish Airlines to Launch Khudzhand Service from August 2015. Airline Route. 29 June 2015 [29 June 2015]. （原始内容存档于2015-10-22）. 
  40. ^ Turkish Airlines Launches a New Route to Manila (新闻稿). Turkish Airlines. [12 December 2014]. （原始内容存档于2015-09-20）. 
  41. ^ Turkish Airlines to Start Abuja Service from March 2015. Airline Route. 27 November 2014 [27 November 2014]. （原始内容存档于2014-11-30）. 
  42. ^ Turkish Airlines Adds Mauritius / Antananarivo Service from Dec 2015. Airlineroute.net. 4 November 2015 [2015-12-24]. （原始内容存档于2015-11-21）. 
  43. ^ 43.0 43.1 Turkish Airlines Adds New Long-Haul Destinations in W15. [1 June 2015]. （原始内容存档于2015-06-09）. 
  44. ^ Turkish Airlines Adds Atlanta Service from May 2016. Airline Route. 15 June 2015 [2019年4月6日]. （原始内容存档于2015年6月15日）. 
  45. ^ Turkish Airlines S15 Operation Changes as of 23JUL14. Airline Route. 23 July 2014 [2019年4月6日]. （原始内容存档于2014年7月24日）. 
  46. ^ Onur Air Adds Stuttgart Flight from April 2015. airlineroute. 13 February 2015 [2019-04-06]. （原始内容存档于2016-03-04）. 
  47. ^ Onur Air Adds New European Routes from Istanbul in W14. [1 June 2015]. （原始内容存档于2016-03-25）. 
  48. ^ 存档副本. [2019-04-06]. （原始内容存档于2016-05-14）. 
  49. ^ Introducing Istanbul and More Global Capacity. [2022-01-24]. （原始内容存档于2022-01-15）. 
  50. ^ Air Canada Cargo Schedule. [2022-01-24]. （原始内容存档于2018-09-06）. 
  51. ^ ASL France Cargo Network. [2022-01-24]. （原始内容存档于2020-11-05）. 
  52. ^ News, Ray. CMA CGM Air Cargo Adds Istanbul to Its Flights. RayHaber | RaillyNews. 7 June 2021 [2022-01-24]. （原始内容存档于2021-12-16）. 
  53. ^ A300s at Istanbul. 26 October 2021 [2022-01-24]. （原始内容存档于2021-11-02）. 
  54. ^ Israel's El Al resumes cargo flights to Turkey after decade-long pause. Daily Sabah（英语：Daily Sabah）. 26 May 2020 [2022-01-24]. （原始内容存档于2021-11-05）. 
  55. ^ skycargo.com （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） retrieved 2 November 2020
  56. ^ Routes & Schedules - Lufthansa Cargo. lufthansa-cargo.com. [2022-01-24]. （原始内容存档于2022-03-24）. 
  57. ^ Lufthansa Cargo Schedule. [2022-01-24]. （原始内容存档于2021-10-29）. 
  58. ^ Qatar Airways Cargo. www.qrcargo.com. [2022-01-24]. （原始内容存档于2022-03-15）. 
  59. ^ silkwaywest.com - Schedule （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） retrieved 17 October 2021
  60. ^ Kargo Servisi. [2022-01-24]. （原始内容存档于2021-11-01）. 
  61. ^ Singapore Airlines Cargo Route Network. [2022-01-24]. （原始内容存档于2021-10-29）. 
  62. ^ UPS Air Cargo Airports Served (PDF). [2022-01-24]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2022-03-25）. 
  63. ^ UPS United Parcel Service route map - Europe. www.airlineroutemaps.com. [2022-01-24]. （原始内容存档于2020-11-24）. 
  64. ^ Moskova - İstanbul uçağında bomba alarmı: İhbar asılsız çıktı. www.cumhuriyet.com.tr. [2022-11-20]. （原始内容存档于2022-11-25） （土耳其语）. 
  65. ^ Müdürlüğü, DHMİ Genel. Devlet Hava Meydanları İşletmesi Genel Müdürlüğü. www.dhmi.gov.tr. [23 March 2021]. （原始内容存档于2020-07-14）. 
  66. ^ İstatistikler. DHMI. August 2021 [Sep 28, 2021]. （原始内容存档于2020-07-14）. 
  67. ^ Public Transport - İGA. igairport.com. [6 April 2019]. （原始内容存档于2019-04-01）. 
  68. ^ Istanbul airport metro tracklaying begins. 21 January 2020 [2022-01-24]. （原始内容存档于2020-11-04）. 
  69. ^ İstanbul Uçak Bileti. www.ucuyos.com. [2021-08-28]. （原始内容存档于2022-01-24）. 
  70. ^ Istanbul Airport Taxi. www.istanbul-airport.info. [2022-01-24]. （原始内容存档于2022-03-21）. 

外部链接

编辑
检索自“https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=伊斯坦堡機場&oldid=85283159”